Title: A two-layer canopy compensation point model for describing bi-directional biosphere-atmosphere exchange of ammonia
Abstract: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyVolume 127, Issue 573 p. 815-833 Article A two-layer canopy compensation point model for describing bi-directional biosphere-atmosphere exchange of ammonia Eiko Nemitz, Corresponding Author Eiko Nemitz Edinburgh Research Station, UKCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh Research Station, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UKSearch for more papers by this authorCelia Milford, Celia Milford Edinburgh Research Station, UKSearch for more papers by this authorMark A. Sutton, Mark A. Sutton Edinburgh Research Station, UKSearch for more papers by this author Eiko Nemitz, Corresponding Author Eiko Nemitz Edinburgh Research Station, UKCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh Research Station, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UKSearch for more papers by this authorCelia Milford, Celia Milford Edinburgh Research Station, UKSearch for more papers by this authorMark A. Sutton, Mark A. Sutton Edinburgh Research Station, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: April 2001 Part A https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712757306Citations: 174AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract A new resistance model is described to interpret the biosphere-atmosphere exchange fluxes of ammonia (NH3) with vegetation, and compared with previous modelling approaches for NH3. The new model constitutes an extension of an existing one-layer canopy compensation point model: in addition to bi-directional foliar stomatal exchange and deposition to leaf cuticles, the model treats NH3 emission from a ground layer. This may originate from fertilizer evaporation, the soil or decomposing plant parts. The emission potentials of the foliage and ground surface are given by the NH3 gas concentrations at equilibrium with the ammonium (NH+4) concentration in the apoplastic fluid or soil solution. From these concentrations, as well as the transfer resistances of the different exchange pathways, the net compensation point of the canopy (Xc) may be derived. The net flux is determined by the relative magnitude of Xc and the NH3 air concentration above the vegetation. The two-layer canopy compensation point is applied to: (i) an oilseed rape canopy, in which NH3 emission from decomposing leaf litter at the ground surface presents a second major source; and (ii) a wheat stubble field, in which emission from the soil contributes significantly to the net exchange. For both canopies, the model performance is contrasted with the single-layer Xc model, which is not able to reproduce the temporal patterns of exchange. The two-layer model is proposed as the optimum compromise between simplicity and accuracy, capable of describing bi-directional NH3 exchange in atmospheric transport models over a very wide range of vegetation types. References Asman, W. A. H. 1992 Ammonia emissions in Europe: updated emission and emission variations. RIVM Report 228471008, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Bilthoven, the Netherlands Bouwman, A. F., Lee, D. S., Asman, W. A. H., Dentener, F. J., van der Hoek, K. W. and Olivier, J. G. 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Publication Year: 2001
Publication Date: 2001-04-01
Language: en
Type: article
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