Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4247463985', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-420131-6.00005-1', 'title': 'Calculus', 'display_name': 'Calculus', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-11-21', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4247463985', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-420131-6.00005-1'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-420131-6.00005-1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463230', 'display_name': 'Elsevier eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5002855381', 'display_name': 'Seifedine Kadry', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-4842'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2803079837', 'display_name': 'American University of the Middle East', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02gqgne03', 'country_code': 'KW', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2803079837']}], 'countries': ['KW'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Seifedine Kadry', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['American University of the Middle East, Kuwait'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'American University of the Middle East, Kuwait', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2803079837']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5002855381'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2803079837'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 65}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '65', 'last_page': '111'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13267', 'display_name': 'Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry', 'score': 0.0494, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13267', 'display_name': 'Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry', 'score': 0.0494, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12504', 'display_name': 'Mathematics and Applications', 'score': 0.0449, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2608', 'display_name': 'Geometry and Topology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12170', 'display_name': 'History and Theory of Mathematics', 'score': 0.0424, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2614', 'display_name': 'Theoretical Computer Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-calculus', 'display_name': 'Differential calculus', 'score': 0.755464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/time-scale-calculus', 'display_name': 'Time-scale calculus', 'score': 0.71958745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus-of-variations', 'display_name': 'Calculus of variations', 'score': 0.4812231}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tensor-calculus', 'display_name': 'Tensor calculus', 'score': 0.45541692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-calculus', 'display_name': 'Matrix calculus', 'score': 0.44617113}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56802139', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149999', 'display_name': 'Differential calculus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.755464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33695381', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7804838', 'display_name': 'Time-scale calculus', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.71958745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777686260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037', 'display_name': 'Calculus (dental)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7166394}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81150689', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1217677', 'display_name': 'Fundamental theorem of calculus', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6149307}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5954555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97985569', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216861', 'display_name': 'Calculus of variations', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4812231}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151201525', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239', 'display_name': 'Limit (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47203982}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90952326', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3650511', 'display_name': 'Tensor calculus', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.45541692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194886279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430271', 'display_name': 'Fundamental theorem', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4495066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C123282570', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29167', 'display_name': 'Matrix calculus', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44617113}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777303404', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757', 'display_name': 'Convergence (economics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44293767}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C117312493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2035437', 'display_name': 'Multivariable calculus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43171734}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C93226319', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137', 'display_name': 'Differential (mechanical device)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4153865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136119220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660', 'display_name': 'Algebra over a field', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.39406434}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.25060177}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16005555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199343813', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128', 'display_name': 'Dentistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39482219', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192826', 'display_name': 'Kronecker delta', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166077713', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758924', 'display_name': 'Tensor field', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133731056', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288', 'display_name': 'Control engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45962547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422068', 'display_name': 'Fixed-point theorem', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146978453', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668', 'display_name': 'Aerospace engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C520416788', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419229', 'display_name': 'Exact solutions in general relativity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-420131-6.00005-1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463230', 'display_name': 'Elsevier eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W632608938', 'https://openalex.org/W4254095678', 'https://openalex.org/W4247463985', 'https://openalex.org/W4233011031', 'https://openalex.org/W4231587411', 'https://openalex.org/W3023570446', 'https://openalex.org/W2951988342', 'https://openalex.org/W2743391155', 'https://openalex.org/W2559016985', 'https://openalex.org/W2024032975'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4247463985', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T23:42:59.459546', 'created_date': '2022-05-12'}