Abstract: Khalid Elsaafien, Matthew K. Kirchner, Mazher Mohammed, Sophia A. Eikenberry, Chloe West, et al. (see pages [4641–4657][1]) The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus regulates neuroendocrine and autonomic responses to stress. One group of PVN neurons elicits neuroendocrine responses