Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4243176953', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/e555422006-004', 'title': "CDC's 60th Anniversary: Director's Perspective--William H. Foege, M.D., M.P.H., 1977-1983", 'display_name': "CDC's 60th Anniversary: Director's Perspective--William H. Foege, M.D., M.P.H., 1977-1983", 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4243176953', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/e555422006-004', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17021593'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/e555422006-004', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306524878', 'display_name': 'PsycEXTRA Dataset', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'dataset', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 4, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.641224, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 74, 'max': 76}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10167', 'display_name': 'Influenza Virus Research Studies', 'score': 0.9605, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10167', 'display_name': 'Influenza Virus Research Studies', 'score': 0.9605, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11819', 'display_name': 'Data-Driven Disease Surveillance', 'score': 0.9537, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12492', 'display_name': 'Zoonotic diseases and public health', 'score': 0.9014, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpox', 'display_name': 'Cowpox', 'score': 0.8933366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/smallpox-vaccine', 'display_name': 'Smallpox vaccine', 'score': 0.67949057}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpox-virus', 'display_name': 'Cowpox virus', 'score': 0.5096295}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778417375', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12214', 'display_name': 'Smallpox', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.91325164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776002638', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066011', 'display_name': 'Cowpox', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.8933366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6842172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779272165', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1037810', 'display_name': 'Smallpox vaccine', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.67949057}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908583973', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066011', 'display_name': 'Cowpox virus', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5096295}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22070199', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995', 'display_name': 'Vaccination', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4819305}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159047783', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215', 'display_name': 'Virology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42471606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781356689', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1986297', 'display_name': 'Vaccinia', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.3586768}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74916050', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090', 'display_name': 'Classics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32918513}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13539898}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08324143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40767141', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697', 'display_name': 'Recombinant DNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002487', 'descriptor_name': 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011634', 'descriptor_name': 'Public Health', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002487', 'descriptor_name': 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002487', 'descriptor_name': 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000458', 'qualifier_name': 'organization & administration', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049673', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 20th Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011634', 'descriptor_name': 'Public Health', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014481', 'descriptor_name': 'United States', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/e555422006-004', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306524878', 'display_name': 'PsycEXTRA Dataset', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17021593', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.71, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4388386450', 'https://openalex.org/W396937279', 'https://openalex.org/W3173701296', 'https://openalex.org/W3127099174', 'https://openalex.org/W2767668180', 'https://openalex.org/W220147476', 'https://openalex.org/W2122422185', 'https://openalex.org/W2108141098', 'https://openalex.org/W2088571828', 'https://openalex.org/W2005697453'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Modern': [0], 'public': [1], 'health': [2], 'began': [3], '210': [4], 'years': [5], 'ago,': [6], 'in': [7], '1796,': [8], 'when': [9], 'Edward': [10], 'Jenner,': [11], 'using': [12], 'material': [13], 'from': [14, 65], 'a': [15], 'cowpox': [16], 'lesion': [17], 'on': [18], 'the': [19, 38, 50], 'hand': [20], 'of': [21, 48, 68], 'Sarah': [22], 'Nelmes,': [23], 'vaccinated': [24], 'James': [25], 'Phipps.': [26], 'A': [27], 'later': [28], 'attempt': [29], 'to': [30, 72, 77], 'give': [31], 'Phipps': [32], 'smallpox': [33, 66], 'demonstrated': [34], 'his': [35, 55], 'immunity,': [36], 'and': [37, 74], 'vaccination': [39], 'era': [40], 'had': [41, 58], 'begun.': [42], 'Although': [43], 'Jenner': [44], 'lacked': [45], 'our': [46], 'understanding': [47], 'viruses,': [49], 'immune': [51], 'system,': [52], 'or': [53], 'vaccinology,': [54], 'clinical': [56], 'observations': [57], 'convinced': [59], 'him': [60], 'that': [61], 'milkmaids': [62], 'were': [63], 'protected': [64], 'because': [67], 'their': [69], 'previous': [70], 'exposure': [71], 'cowpox,': [73], 'he': [75], 'acted': [76], 'see': [78], 'if': [79], 'nature': [80], 'could': [81], 'be': [82], 'replicated.': [83]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4243176953', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T00:14:58.077722', 'created_date': '2022-05-12'}