Abstract: This part presents two special chapters on pension reforms and private pensions. Both chapters use the OECD pension models to explore more deeply the central issues of pension policy in national debates. The framework of Pensions at a Glance is forward-looking, focusing on future pension entitlements of today's workers. However, the past decade has seen intense reform activity in the world of pensions and retirement in many OECD countries. The first special chapter looks at what countries did and how this is likely to affect future benefits. A number of these reforms have increased the role of the private sector in pension provision. The second special chapter identifies the complex range of private retirement arrangements and quantifies the savings effort necessary to maintain standards of living in retirement.