Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4231960940', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-44207/v1', 'title': 'Increasing chitosanase production in Bacilluse cereus by a novel mutagenesis and screeen method', 'display_name': 'Increasing chitosanase production in Bacilluse cereus by a novel mutagenesis and screeen method', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-07-20', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4231960940', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-44207/v1'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-44207/v1', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-44207/v1.pdf?c=1600050539000', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402450', 'display_name': 'Research Square (Research Square)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096694', 'host_organization_name': 'Research Square (United States)', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096694'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Research Square (United States)'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'preprint', 'type_crossref': 'posted-content', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-44207/v1.pdf?c=1600050539000', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5077900595', 'display_name': 'Chaozheng Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-1903'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018rbtf37', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Chaozheng Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology Research'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'https://openalex.org/I132369690']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology Research', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100709746', 'display_name': 'Li Yi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-6016'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018rbtf37', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yi Li', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tianjin University of Science and Technology'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000702712', 'display_name': 'Tianshuang Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9475-7409'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018rbtf37', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Tianshuang Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology Research'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'https://openalex.org/I132369690']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology Research', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032575983', 'display_name': 'Hua Zhao', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5761-2089'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018rbtf37', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Hua Zhao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology Research'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'https://openalex.org/I132369690', 'https://openalex.org/I132369690']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tianjin University of Science and Technology Research', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5032575983'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I132369690'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 60}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12683', 'display_name': 'Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12683', 'display_name': 'Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11617', 'display_name': 'Enzyme Production and Characterization', 'score': 0.987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1305', 'display_name': 'Biotechnology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11561', 'display_name': 'Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides', 'score': 0.9798, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chitosanase', 'display_name': 'Chitosanase', 'score': 0.99824667}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cereus', 'display_name': 'Cereus', 'score': 0.59094286}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/strain', 'display_name': 'Strain (injury)', 'score': 0.44579107}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777598261', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24786256', 'display_name': 'Chitosanase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.99824667}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777118263', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131307', 'display_name': 'Bacillus cereus', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.80900073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16318435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149299', 'display_name': 'Mutagenesis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5955157}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780373777', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5317148', 'display_name': 'Cereus', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.59094286}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779732960', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510', 'display_name': 'Chitosan', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.580865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94412978', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103135', 'display_name': 'Hydrolysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53184414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C523546767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876', 'display_name': 'Bacteria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5309733}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48570284}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45119333}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778022156', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576145', 'display_name': 'Strain (injury)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44579107}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43053663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143065580', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285695', 'display_name': 'Mutant', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42098475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.33285445}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32596272}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-44207/v1', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-44207/v1.pdf?c=1600050539000', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402450', 'display_name': 'Research Square (Research Square)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096694', 'host_organization_name': 'Research Square (United States)', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096694'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Research Square (United States)'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-44207/v1', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-44207/v1.pdf?c=1600050539000', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402450', 'display_name': 'Research Square (Research Square)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096694', 'host_organization_name': 'Research Square (United States)', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096694'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Research Square (United States)'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Life on land', 'score': 0.46, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 20, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1979333735', 'https://openalex.org/W2002733094', 'https://openalex.org/W2045342170', 'https://openalex.org/W2046267501', 'https://openalex.org/W2049585578', 'https://openalex.org/W2063020015', 'https://openalex.org/W2068498309', 'https://openalex.org/W2101540570', 'https://openalex.org/W2146351833', 'https://openalex.org/W2170437096', 'https://openalex.org/W2204329593', 'https://openalex.org/W2596632309', 'https://openalex.org/W2791148990', 'https://openalex.org/W2793448049', 'https://openalex.org/W2794156928', 'https://openalex.org/W2897793035', 'https://openalex.org/W2922036665', 'https://openalex.org/W2944464478', 'https://openalex.org/W2946952811', 'https://openalex.org/W893590900'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4313454223', 'https://openalex.org/W3024293266', 'https://openalex.org/W2780394266', 'https://openalex.org/W2741956085', 'https://openalex.org/W2598136427', 'https://openalex.org/W2556067186', 'https://openalex.org/W2072600448', 'https://openalex.org/W2016180000', 'https://openalex.org/W2011351575', 'https://openalex.org/W1559956031'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Background': [1], 'Chitosan': [2], 'hydrolysis': [3], 'by': [4, 56, 59, 65, 92, 145], 'chitosanase': [5, 22, 34, 57, 76, 99, 135, 167], 'is': [6], 'one': [7], 'of': [8, 21, 49, 70, 74, 87, 105, 116, 124, 132, 166, 179, 189], 'the': [9, 18, 25, 47, 106, 113, 117, 125, 133, 155, 164, 177, 180], 'most': [10], 'effective': [11], 'methods': [12], 'to': [13, 45], 'produce': [14], 'chitosan': [15, 55, 140, 147], 'oligosaccharides,': [16], 'however,': [17], 'low': [19], 'yield': [20, 48, 165], 'cannot': [23], 'meet': [24], 'current': [26], 'requirement.': [27], 'In': [28], 'this': [29], 'paper,': [30], 'a': [31, 38], 'strain': [32, 69, 86, 119], 'producing': [33, 75], 'was': [35, 43, 77, 90, 101, 120, 136], 'screened,': [36], 'and': [37, 79, 95, 98, 158, 172], 'novel': [39], 'mutagenesis': [40, 94, 157, 188], 'system': [41], '(1))': [42], 'selected': [44], 'increase': [46, 163], 'chitosanase.': [50], 'The': [51, 128, 151], 'hydrolyzed': [52], 'products': [53], 'from': [54, 81], 'produced': [58], 'mutan': [60], 'train': [61], 'were': [62, 143], 'also': [63], 'analyzed': [64], 'LC-MS.': [66], 'Results': [67], 'A': [68, 84], 'Bacillus': [71, 88], 'cereus': [72, 89, 170], 'capable': [73], 'screened': [78], 'identified': [80], 'soil': [82], 'samples.': [83], 'mutant': [85, 118], 'obtained': [91, 144], 'ARTP': [93, 156], 'bioscreening': [96, 159], 'method,': [97], 'activity': [100, 115], '2.49': [102], 'folds': [103, 122], 'that': [104, 123, 154], 'original': [107, 126], 'bacteria.': [108, 127], 'After': [109], 'optimized': [110], 'fermentation': [111], 'conditions,': [112], 'enzyme': [114], '3.3': [121], 'relative': [129], 'molecular': [130], 'weight': [131], 'purified': [134], '43': [137], 'kDa.': [138], 'Ten': [139], 'oligosaccharides(2–4': [141], 'oligosaccharides)': [142], 'hydrolyzing': [146], 'with': [148], 'it.': [149], 'Conclutions:': [150], 'results': [152], 'showed': [153], 'method': [160], 'could': [161], 'significantly': [162], 'in': [168, 187], 'B.': [169], ',': [171], 'had': [173], 'little': [174], 'effect': [175], 'on': [176], 'properties': [178], 'enzyme.': [181], 'These': [182], 'findings': [183], 'have': [184], 'potential': [185], 'applications': [186], 'other': [190], 'enzyme-producing': [191], 'microorganisms.': [192]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4231960940', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2025-01-03T07:55:31.712750', 'created_date': '2022-05-12'}