Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4229058736', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'title': 'Dual bronchodilation for the treatment of COPD: From bench to bedside', 'display_name': 'Dual bronchodilation for the treatment of COPD: From bench to bedside', 'publication_year': 2022, 'publication_date': '2022-05-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4229058736', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35514240'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S13842274', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0306-5251', 'issn': ['0306-5251', '1365-2125'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5060089859', 'display_name': 'Mario Cazzola', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-9707'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116067653', 'display_name': 'University of Rome Tor Vergata', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02p77k626', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Mario Cazzola', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085336912', 'display_name': 'Clive P. Page', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9358-3799'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183935753', 'display_name': "King's College London", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0220mzb33', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I183935753']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Clive Page', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, King's College London, UK"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, King's College London, UK", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183935753']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053217610', 'display_name': 'Paola Rogliani', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-5040'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116067653', 'display_name': 'University of Rome Tor Vergata', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02p77k626', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Paola Rogliani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5035810516', 'display_name': 'Luigino Calzetta', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-069X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I124601658', 'display_name': 'University of Parma', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02k7wn190', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124601658']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Luigino Calzetta', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Unit of Respiratory Diseases and Lung Function, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Unit of Respiratory Diseases and Lung Function, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I124601658']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062907116', 'display_name': 'Maria Gabriella Matera', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-9235'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I197809005', 'display_name': 'University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kqnpp86', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I197809005']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Maria Gabriella Matera', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I197809005']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5060089859'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4330, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4330, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.089, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 13, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999659, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '88', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '3657', 'last_page': '3673'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10143', 'display_name': 'Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10143', 'display_name': 'Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10051', 'display_name': 'Asthma and respiratory diseases', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12418', 'display_name': 'Respiratory and Cough-Related Research', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lama', 'display_name': 'Lama', 'score': 0.98565453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchodilation', 'display_name': 'Bronchodilation', 'score': 0.86441624}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780911369', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753853', 'display_name': 'Lama', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.98565453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.88811994}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908646376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927234', 'display_name': 'Bronchodilation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.86441624}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776780178', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804', 'display_name': 'COPD', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.84682024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177713679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690', 'display_name': 'Intensive care medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.52558666}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168563851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668', 'display_name': 'Randomized controlled trial', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5127307}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197934379', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938', 'display_name': 'Adverse effect', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4946055}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C535046627', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612', 'display_name': 'Clinical trial', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4925962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43283957}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1862650', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005', 'display_name': 'Physical therapy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3546068}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3523981}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781018748', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927234', 'display_name': 'Bronchodilator', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.3221131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776042228', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869', 'display_name': 'Asthma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12491527}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D058666', 'descriptor_name': 'Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018727', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D029424', 'descriptor_name': 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000280', 'descriptor_name': 'Administration, Inhalation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D058666', 'descriptor_name': 'Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001993', 'descriptor_name': 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004338', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Combinations', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004417', 'descriptor_name': 'Dyspnea', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004417', 'descriptor_name': 'Dyspnea', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018727', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D029424', 'descriptor_name': 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016896', 'descriptor_name': 'Treatment Outcome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S13842274', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0306-5251', 'issn': ['0306-5251', '1365-2125'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35514240', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcp.15390', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S13842274', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0306-5251', 'issn': ['0306-5251', '1365-2125'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 100, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1826636375', 'https://openalex.org/W1901890356', 'https://openalex.org/W1950043623', 'https://openalex.org/W1967698544', 'https://openalex.org/W1987708126', 'https://openalex.org/W1989763879', 'https://openalex.org/W2000430593', 'https://openalex.org/W2003293665', 'https://openalex.org/W2026585673', 'https://openalex.org/W2032233989', 'https://openalex.org/W2039237831', 'https://openalex.org/W2050516263', 'https://openalex.org/W2057335633', 'https://openalex.org/W2083566841', 'https://openalex.org/W2093577653', 'https://openalex.org/W2097009791', 'https://openalex.org/W2102367871', 'https://openalex.org/W2102590607', 'https://openalex.org/W2105234929', 'https://openalex.org/W2109535739', 'https://openalex.org/W2123850585', 'https://openalex.org/W2124820536', 'https://openalex.org/W2125485554', 'https://openalex.org/W2128278745', 'https://openalex.org/W2128643475', 'https://openalex.org/W2141051651', 'https://openalex.org/W2289083244', 'https://openalex.org/W2331317937', 'https://openalex.org/W2333076490', 'https://openalex.org/W2346277111', 'https://openalex.org/W2365138737', 'https://openalex.org/W2434767947', 'https://openalex.org/W2467721645', 'https://openalex.org/W2519071828', 'https://openalex.org/W2534161337', 'https://openalex.org/W2544647701', 'https://openalex.org/W2558903543', 'https://openalex.org/W2572235075', 'https://openalex.org/W2576614024', 'https://openalex.org/W2594397173', 'https://openalex.org/W2603592791', 'https://openalex.org/W2726094017', 'https://openalex.org/W2735126316', 'https://openalex.org/W2763746332', 'https://openalex.org/W2767010890', 'https://openalex.org/W2783466294', 'https://openalex.org/W2788412143', 'https://openalex.org/W2792052432', 'https://openalex.org/W2794357789', 'https://openalex.org/W2794493126', 'https://openalex.org/W2794699839', 'https://openalex.org/W2794716305', 'https://openalex.org/W2795596093', 'https://openalex.org/W2797099929', 'https://openalex.org/W2802221596', 'https://openalex.org/W2805224493', 'https://openalex.org/W2808699155', 'https://openalex.org/W2894661017', 'https://openalex.org/W2895357794', 'https://openalex.org/W2895420512', 'https://openalex.org/W2895652190', 'https://openalex.org/W2904127521', 'https://openalex.org/W2909467892', 'https://openalex.org/W2909669915', 'https://openalex.org/W2911177032', 'https://openalex.org/W2912168457', 'https://openalex.org/W2920797638', 'https://openalex.org/W2921530643', 'https://openalex.org/W2924400461', 'https://openalex.org/W2954157164', 'https://openalex.org/W2955635155', 'https://openalex.org/W2965866848', 'https://openalex.org/W2972499971', 'https://openalex.org/W2981051913', 'https://openalex.org/W2981447878', 'https://openalex.org/W2982437309', 'https://openalex.org/W2991799242', 'https://openalex.org/W2994701207', 'https://openalex.org/W3001028438', 'https://openalex.org/W3007595623', 'https://openalex.org/W3011355114', 'https://openalex.org/W3016201212', 'https://openalex.org/W3034819975', 'https://openalex.org/W3048175905', 'https://openalex.org/W3084204077', 'https://openalex.org/W3120723631', 'https://openalex.org/W3128380789', 'https://openalex.org/W3130009625', 'https://openalex.org/W3137231365', 'https://openalex.org/W3138587108', 'https://openalex.org/W3156817660', 'https://openalex.org/W3159434421', 'https://openalex.org/W3166557091', 'https://openalex.org/W3174789029', 'https://openalex.org/W3185100474', 'https://openalex.org/W3202578901', 'https://openalex.org/W349844564', 'https://openalex.org/W4206353597', 'https://openalex.org/W4247855670', 'https://openalex.org/W70049697'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4243730660', 'https://openalex.org/W3161240113', 'https://openalex.org/W3094827661', 'https://openalex.org/W2428766043', 'https://openalex.org/W2416410749', 'https://openalex.org/W2147480290', 'https://openalex.org/W2146627478', 'https://openalex.org/W2047810933', 'https://openalex.org/W1956372187', 'https://openalex.org/W143959038'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Because': [0], 'there': [1, 242], 'is': [2, 312, 351, 368, 412, 419, 439, 446, 500, 514], 'a': [3, 210, 287, 307, 390, 494, 535, 541], 'solid': [4], 'pharmacological': [5], 'rationale': [6], 'based': [7], 'on': [8], 'positive': [9, 495], 'interactions': [10], 'between': [11], 'long-acting': [12, 18], 'muscarinic': [13], 'receptor': [14], 'antagonists': [15], '(LAMAs)': [16], 'and': [17, 38, 70, 83, 115, 170, 228, 252, 319, 346, 408, 435], 'β-agonists': [19], '(LABAs)': [20], 'for': [21, 51, 230, 235, 393, 510], 'their': [22], 'ability': [23, 124], 'to': [24, 132, 144, 182, 219, 240, 261, 331, 401, 413, 440, 468, 477, 486, 503], 'relax': [25], 'human': [26], 'airway': [27], 'smooth': [28], 'muscle': [29], 'in': [30, 62, 81, 107, 118, 161, 194, 199, 276, 335, 363, 420, 447, 463, 475, 529], 'vitro': [31], 'alongside': [32], 'several': [33, 151, 222], 'randomised': [34], 'controlled': [35], 'trials': [36], '(RCTs)': [37], 'real-world': [39], 'observational': [40], 'studies': [41, 181, 248, 465], 'that': [42, 93, 204, 298, 388, 505, 524], 'support': [43], 'the': [44, 52, 68, 74, 123, 136, 163, 175, 195, 250, 263, 268, 304, 313, 316, 320, 364, 375, 385, 405, 409, 415, 421, 427, 430, 432, 436, 442, 448, 454, 488, 506, 511, 546], 'use': [45, 75, 232, 269], 'of': [46, 54, 76, 113, 125, 130, 138, 159, 165, 254, 270, 296, 306, 315, 359, 384, 426, 453, 466, 471, 522, 549], 'LAMA/LABA': [47, 95, 131, 184, 223, 256], 'fixed-dose': [48], 'combinations': [49, 156], '(FDCs)': [50], 'treatment': [53], 'patients': [55, 119, 236, 336], 'with': [56, 120, 128, 237, 337], 'chronic': [57], 'obstructive': [58], 'pulmonary': [59], 'disease': [60], '(COPD),': [61], 'this': [63, 85, 277], 'narrative': [64], 'review': [65], 'we': [66], 'discuss': [67], 'preclinical': [69], 'clinical': [71, 180, 231, 464], 'proofs': [72], 'supporting': [73], 'LAMA': [77, 102], '+': [78], 'LABA': [79, 104], 'therapy': [80, 418, 445], 'COPD': [82, 139, 166, 196, 467], 'why': [84, 154], 'therapeutic': [86], 'approach': [87], 'optimises': [88], 'bronchodilation.': [89], 'Robust': [90], 'evidence': [91, 202, 502], 'indicates': [92, 491, 497], 'all': [94], 'FDCs': [96, 129, 185, 206, 224], 'are': [97, 243], 'consistently': [98], 'more': [99, 416, 443], 'effective': [100], 'than': [101], 'or': [103, 134, 424, 451, 538], 'administered': [105], 'alone': [106], 'improving': [108], 'lung': [109], 'function,': [110], 'dyspnoea,': [111], 'quality': [112], 'life': [114], 'exercise': [116], 'capacity': [117, 292], 'COPD.': [121, 238], 'However,': [122, 239], 'dual': [126], 'bronchodilation': [127], 'prevent': [133], 'reduce': [135], 'risk': [137], 'exacerbations': [140], 'remains': [141], 'unclear': [142], 'due': [143], 'conflicting': [145], 'data': [146], 'from': [147, 179, 399, 484], 'large': [148], 'RCTs,': [149], 'despite': [150], 'mechanisms': [152], 'explaining': [153], 'such': [155], 'should': [157], 'be': [158, 300, 526], 'value': [160, 392, 407, 434, 490, 496], 'decreasing': [162], 'frequency': [164], 'exacerbations.': [167], 'Both': [168], 'LABAs': [169], 'LAMAs': [171], 'mechanistically': [172], 'can': [173, 299, 525], 'affect': [174], 'cardiovascular': [176, 189, 215], 'system,': [177], 'but': [178], 'date,': [183, 241], 'have': [186, 225], 'an': [187, 478], 'acceptable': [188], 'safety': [190, 251], 'profile,': [191], 'at': [192], 'least': [193], 'population': [197], 'enrolled': [198], 'RCTs.': [200], 'Indirect': [201], 'suggests': [203], 'some': [205, 274], 'may': [207], 'even': [208], 'exert': [209], 'protective': [211], 'role': [212], 'against': [213], 'serious': [214], 'adverse': [216], 'events': [217], 'compared': [218], 'monotherapies.': [220], 'Consequently,': [221], 'been': [226], 'developed': [227], 'approved': [229], 'as': [233], 'treatments': [234], 'unfortunately': [244], 'very': [245], 'few': [246], 'head-to-head': [247], 'comparing': [249], 'efficacy': [253], 'different': [255], 'FDCs,': [257], 'making': [258], 'it': [259, 411, 438], 'difficult': [260], 'choose': [262], 'most': [264], 'appropriate': [265], 'combination,': [266], 'although': [267], 'meta-analyses': [271], 'has': [272, 341], 'provided': [273], 'information': [275], 'regard.': [278], 'Endurance': [279], 'time': [280, 282], 'Exercise': [281], 'until': [283], 'exhaustion': [284], 'measured': [285], 'by': [286, 370], 'standard': [288], 'endurance': [289], 'test.': [290], 'Inspiratory': [291], 'The': [293, 403, 480, 519], 'maximum': [294], 'volume': [295, 318, 521], 'air': [297, 523], 'inspired': [301], 'after': [302, 545], 'reaching': [303], 'end': [305], 'normal,': [308], 'quiet': [309], 'expiration.': [310], 'It': [311, 340], 'sum': [314], 'tidal': [317], 'inspiratory': [321], 'reserve': [322], 'volume.': [323], 'St': [324], "George's": [325], 'Respiratory': [326], 'Questionnaire': [327], '(SGRQ)': [328], 'A': [329, 348, 354, 381], 'tool': [330], 'measure': [332, 469], 'health': [333], 'status': [334], 'respiratory': [338], 'disease.': [339], 'three': [342], 'domains:': [343], 'symptoms,': [344], 'activity': [345], 'impacts.': [347], 'total': [349, 366, 481], 'score': [350, 367, 482, 513], 'also': [352], 'calculated.': [353], 'minimal': [355, 507], 'important': [356, 508], 'difference': [357, 509], '(range)': [358], '∼4': [360], '(2.4-5.6)': [361], 'units': [362], 'SGRQ': [365], 'supported': [369], 'published': [371], 'studies.': [372], 'Surface': [373], 'under': [374], 'cumulative': [376], 'ranking': [377], 'curve': [378], 'analysis': [379], '(SUCRA)': [380], 'numerical': [382], 'representation': [383], 'overall': [386], 'rating': [387], 'displays': [389], 'single': [391], 'each': [394], 'treatment.': [395], 'SUCRA': [396, 406, 433], 'levels': [397], 'vary': [398], '0%': [400], '100%.': [402], 'higher': [404], 'closer': [410, 437], '100%,': [414], 'likely': [417, 444], 'top': [422, 428], 'rank': [423, 450], 'one': [425, 452], 'rankings;': [429], 'lower': [431], '0%,': [441], 'bottom': [449, 455], 'ranks.': [456], 'Transition': [457], 'dyspnoea': [458], 'index': [459], '(TDI)': [460], 'Widely': [461], 'used': [462], 'shortness': [470], 'breath,': [472], 'indicating': [473], 'change': [474], 'response': [476], 'intervention.': [479], 'ranges': [483], '-9': [485], '9;': [487], 'negative': [489], 'deterioration,': [492], 'whereas': [493], 'improvement.': [498], 'There': [499], 'sufficient': [501], 'suggest': [504], 'TDI': [512], '1': [515, 530], 'unit.': [516], 'Trough': [517], 'FEV1': [518], 'mean': [520], 'forced': [527], 'out': [528], 'second': [531], 'approximately': [532], '12': [533], '(with': [534, 540], 'twice-daily': [536], 'agent)': [537, 543], '24': [539], 'once-daily': [542], 'hours': [544], 'last': [547], 'administration': [548], 'bronchodilator.': [550]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4229058736', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T23:45:29.016487', 'created_date': '2022-05-08'}