Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4212804027', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552221077418', 'title': 'Hyperprogression and hypercalcemia after nivolumab treatment in three cases with renal cell carcinoma', 'display_name': 'Hyperprogression and hypercalcemia after nivolumab treatment in three cases with renal cell carcinoma', 'publication_year': 2022, 'publication_date': '2022-02-21', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4212804027', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552221077418', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35188841'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552221077418', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S66425452', 'display_name': 'Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice', 'issn_l': '1078-1552', 'issn': ['1078-1552', '1477-092X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320017', 'host_organization_name': 'SAGE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320017'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SAGE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064029387', 'display_name': 'Burcu Caner', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-3323'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I131835042', 'display_name': 'Bursa Uludağ Üni̇versi̇tesi̇', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03tg3eb07', 'country_code': 'TR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I131835042']}], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Burcu Caner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I131835042']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076316473', 'display_name': 'Hülya Ertaş', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-8825'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I192257213', 'display_name': 'Bursa Technical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03rdpn141', 'country_code': 'TR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I192257213']}], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Hulya Ertas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Bursa City Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bursa City Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I192257213']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5027237391', 'display_name': 'Birol Ocak', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7537-1699'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210167185', 'display_name': 'Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Egitim Ve Arastirma Hastanesi', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05nhkt138', 'country_code': 'TR', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210167185']}], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Birol Ocak', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210167185']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043435006', 'display_name': 'Erdem Çubukçu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-0889'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I131835042', 'display_name': 'Bursa Uludağ Üni̇versi̇tesi̇', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03tg3eb07', 'country_code': 'TR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I131835042']}], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Erdem Cubukcu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Bursa, TURKEY', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I131835042']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5076316473'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I192257213'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.739, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 4, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.720225, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 80, 'max': 83}, 'biblio': {'volume': '28', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '1645', 'last_page': '1649'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10158', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10158', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10449', 'display_name': 'Renal cell carcinoma treatment', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10458', 'display_name': 'Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments', 'score': 0.9943, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780030458', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7041828', 'display_name': 'Nivolumab', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.98683417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9641217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777472916', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164529', 'display_name': 'Renal cell carcinoma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9132495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777701055', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096', 'display_name': 'Immunotherapy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.66289}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5769303}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143998085', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555', 'display_name': 'Oncology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5348519}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777546739', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33525', 'display_name': 'Carcinoma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47885036}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90924648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569', 'display_name': 'Gastroenterology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3236696}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.18067178}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002292', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006934', 'descriptor_name': 'Hypercalcemia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007680', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002292', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002292', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018450', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease Progression', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006934', 'descriptor_name': 'Hypercalcemia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006934', 'descriptor_name': 'Hypercalcemia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007680', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007680', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000077594', 'descriptor_name': 'Nivolumab', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000077594', 'descriptor_name': 'Nivolumab', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012189', 'descriptor_name': 'Retrospective Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552221077418', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S66425452', 'display_name': 'Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice', 'issn_l': '1078-1552', 'issn': ['1078-1552', '1477-092X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320017', 'host_organization_name': 'SAGE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320017'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SAGE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35188841', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'No poverty', 'score': 0.63, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 8, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2554618897', 'https://openalex.org/W2601621622', 'https://openalex.org/W2605497049', 'https://openalex.org/W2671701005', 'https://openalex.org/W2891266481', 'https://openalex.org/W2898126801', 'https://openalex.org/W2952275958', 'https://openalex.org/W3114247157'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4285598862', 'https://openalex.org/W3025864022', 'https://openalex.org/W2982664815', 'https://openalex.org/W2977641481', 'https://openalex.org/W2969738919', 'https://openalex.org/W2904794643', 'https://openalex.org/W2795873972', 'https://openalex.org/W2792841998', 'https://openalex.org/W2784136589', 'https://openalex.org/W2480245039'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Introduction': [0], 'Hyperprogression': [1], 'is': [2, 12, 61], 'a': [3, 18, 26, 43, 65], 'specific': [4], 'type': [5], 'of': [6, 20, 97, 136, 157, 177, 181], 'response': [7], 'seen': [8], 'with': [9, 17, 49, 85, 165], 'immunotherapy': [10], 'that': [11], 'observed': [13], 'in': [14, 29, 93, 141, 163], 'all': [15], 'malignancies': [16], 'frequency': [19], '9%': [21], '-': [22], '29%,': [23], 'characterized': [24], 'by': [25], 'rapid': [27], 'increase': [28], 'tumor': [30], 'burden.': [31], 'Many': [32], 'possible': [33, 37], 'related': [34], 'factors': [35], 'and': [36, 121, 127, 138, 179], 'markers': [38], 'have': [39, 106], 'been': [40, 54, 73], 'evaluated': [41, 81], 'but': [42, 69], 'clinical': [44], 'or': [45], 'laboratory': [46], 'parameter': [47], 'associated': [48], 'hyperprogression': [50, 102, 123, 140, 162], 'has': [51, 71], 'not': [52, 72], 'yet': [53], 'established.': [55], 'For': [56], 'renal': [57, 86, 166], 'cell': [58, 87, 167], 'carcinoma,': [59], 'hypercalcemia': [60, 107, 118, 158], 'known': [62], 'to': [63, 75, 105], 'be': [64, 184], 'poor': [66], 'prognostic': [67], 'factor': [68], 'it': [70], 'linked': [74], 'hyperprogression.': [76, 109], 'Case': [77], 'report': [78], 'We': [79], 'retrospectively': [80], '52': [82], 'patients': [83, 99, 164], 'diagnosed': [84], 'carcinoma': [88, 168], 'who': [89, 100, 116, 169], 'had': [90, 101, 122, 131], 'nivolumab': [91, 120, 137, 182], 'treatment': [92], 'any': [94], 'line.': [95], '3': [96, 114], '9': [98], 'were': [103], 'noticed': [104], 'preceding': [108], 'Here': [110], 'we': [111], 'present': [112], 'those': [113], 'cases': [115, 130], 'developed': [117], 'after': [119], 'at': [124], 'follow-up.': [125], 'Management': [126], 'outcome': [128], 'All': [129], 'less': [132], 'than': [133], '4': [134], 'courses': [135], 'showed': [139], 'assessment.': [142], 'Nivolumab': [143], 'was': [144, 149], 'discontinued.': [145], 'However,': [146], 'patients’': [147], 'survival': [148], 'extremely': [150], 'poor,': [151], 'as': [152], 'expected.': [153], 'Discussion': [154], 'The': [155], 'development': [156], 'may': [159, 183], 'help': [160], 'predict': [161], 'receive': [170], 'immunotherapy.': [171], 'In': [172], 'such': [173], 'cases,': [174], 'early': [175], 'evaluation': [176], 'progression': [178], 'cessation': [180], 'considered.': [185]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4212804027', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-10T22:33:29.187930', 'created_date': '2022-02-24'}