Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4210447090', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7364-7_1', 'title': 'Introduction', 'display_name': 'Introduction', 'publication_year': 1977, 'publication_date': '1977-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4210447090', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7364-7_1'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7364-7_1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046146528', 'display_name': 'Hans‐Georg Elias', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1301400270', 'display_name': 'Michigan Molecular Institute (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03r35eh66', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1301400270']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Hans-Georg Elias', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Midland Macromolecular Institute, Midland, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Midland Macromolecular Institute, Midland, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1301400270']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5046146528'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1301400270'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 56}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '3', 'last_page': '36'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10405', 'display_name': 'Living Radical Polymerization', 'score': 0.1691, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1605', 'display_name': 'Organic Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10405', 'display_name': 'Living Radical Polymerization', 'score': 0.1691, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1605', 'display_name': 'Organic Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers', 'display_name': 'Carbon fibers', 'score': 0.4434039}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/click-chemistry', 'display_name': 'Click Chemistry', 'score': 0.42797}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204389451', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178593', 'display_name': 'Macromolecule', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9781114}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5463609}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126348684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3456979', 'display_name': 'Polymer science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5227518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779251873', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294', 'display_name': 'Cellulose', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5027213}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32909587', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369', 'display_name': 'Molecule', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45414022}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140205800', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860', 'display_name': 'Carbon fibers', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4434039}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188027245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446', 'display_name': 'Polymer chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43637246}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C176933379', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877', 'display_name': 'Natural rubber', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41697052}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34655622}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32536292}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08003858}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104779481', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707', 'display_name': 'Composite number', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7364-7_1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 60, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1511494479', 'https://openalex.org/W1593555351', 'https://openalex.org/W1967040588', 'https://openalex.org/W1969361469', 'https://openalex.org/W1982388733', 'https://openalex.org/W1982637553', 'https://openalex.org/W1989339749', 'https://openalex.org/W1990446720', 'https://openalex.org/W1991041559', 'https://openalex.org/W1994874504', 'https://openalex.org/W1999479012', 'https://openalex.org/W2009096834', 'https://openalex.org/W2024946680', 'https://openalex.org/W2030962924', 'https://openalex.org/W2035147977', 'https://openalex.org/W2036999105', 'https://openalex.org/W2041611441', 'https://openalex.org/W2049054351', 'https://openalex.org/W2051275313', 'https://openalex.org/W2055501961', 'https://openalex.org/W2059436699', 'https://openalex.org/W2059733594', 'https://openalex.org/W2063967521', 'https://openalex.org/W2064828843', 'https://openalex.org/W2076216008', 'https://openalex.org/W2077420717', 'https://openalex.org/W2080301905', 'https://openalex.org/W2080907677', 'https://openalex.org/W2084514176', 'https://openalex.org/W2097381751', 'https://openalex.org/W2107242084', 'https://openalex.org/W2123637186', 'https://openalex.org/W2130482969', 'https://openalex.org/W2132526475', 'https://openalex.org/W2137525146', 'https://openalex.org/W2145708727', 'https://openalex.org/W2152116375', 'https://openalex.org/W2313488215', 'https://openalex.org/W2314659927', 'https://openalex.org/W2319479033', 'https://openalex.org/W2320544961', 'https://openalex.org/W2326015293', 'https://openalex.org/W2581845315', 'https://openalex.org/W2584716243', 'https://openalex.org/W3092217728', 'https://openalex.org/W4212930503', 'https://openalex.org/W4213062920', 'https://openalex.org/W4230431582', 'https://openalex.org/W4230793331', 'https://openalex.org/W4230899535', 'https://openalex.org/W4231966369', 'https://openalex.org/W4235438517', 'https://openalex.org/W4241985007', 'https://openalex.org/W4242740992', 'https://openalex.org/W4254545075', 'https://openalex.org/W4387923184', 'https://openalex.org/W562023569', 'https://openalex.org/W586828265', 'https://openalex.org/W621928835', 'https://openalex.org/W656070583'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W886882817', 'https://openalex.org/W4285273827', 'https://openalex.org/W4247320311', 'https://openalex.org/W2800402099', 'https://openalex.org/W2493735821', 'https://openalex.org/W2112032768', 'https://openalex.org/W2109252598', 'https://openalex.org/W2063073299', 'https://openalex.org/W2044014390', 'https://openalex.org/W1577021044'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4210447090', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-08-27T20:06:36.741487', 'created_date': '2022-02-08'}