Title: A review on the visible light active modified photocatalysts for water splitting for hydrogen production
Abstract: International Journal of Energy ResearchVolume 46, Issue 5 p. 5467-5477 REVIEW PAPER A review on the visible light active modified photocatalysts for water splitting for hydrogen production Wei-Hsin Chen, Wei-Hsin Chen orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-3960 Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, TaiwanSearch for more papers by this authorJung Eun Lee, Jung Eun Lee Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorSeong-Ho Jang, Seong-Ho Jang Department of Bio-Environmental Energy, Pusan National University, Miryang, South KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorSu-Shiung Lam, Su-Shiung Lam Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorGwang Hoon Rhee, Gwang Hoon Rhee Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorKi-Joon Jeon, Ki-Joon Jeon Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorMurid Hussain, Murid Hussain Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, PakistanSearch for more papers by this authorYoung-Kwon Park, Corresponding Author Young-Kwon Park [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-2271-0869 School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea Correspondence Young-Kwon Park, School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Wei-Hsin Chen, Wei-Hsin Chen orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-3960 Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, TaiwanSearch for more papers by this authorJung Eun Lee, Jung Eun Lee Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorSeong-Ho Jang, Seong-Ho Jang Department of Bio-Environmental Energy, Pusan National University, Miryang, South KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorSu-Shiung Lam, Su-Shiung Lam Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorGwang Hoon Rhee, Gwang Hoon Rhee Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorKi-Joon Jeon, Ki-Joon Jeon Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorMurid Hussain, Murid Hussain Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, PakistanSearch for more papers by this authorYoung-Kwon Park, Corresponding Author Young-Kwon Park [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-2271-0869 School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea Correspondence Young-Kwon Park, School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 15 December 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.7552Citations: 4 Wei-Hsin Chen, Jung Eun Lee, and Seong-Ho Jang are co-first authors. Funding information: National Research Foundation of Korea, Grant/Award Number: 2021R1A2C3011274 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Summary There are various methods to produce hydrogen from water splitting as a substitute energy resource for fossil fuels in accordance with the global environmental crisis. Among these, water photocatalysis is considered one of the most renewable and sustainable processes simulated the solar energy utilized system in nature. During a half century, different kinds of photocatalysts were developed to convert photon energy into chemical energy to induce redox potential under visible light irradiation condition. In the beginning step, semiconductor materials, such as transition metal oxides, were explored extensively to use as a photocatalyst for hydrogen generation. However, semiconductor has limitations to act as an effective photocatalyst for water splitting due to the large band gap and recombination of charge carriers. Therefore, several kinds of modifications of structure or components have been studied to design visible light active photocatalysts for water splitting to generate hydrogen. Their performance was improved substantially by adding a noble metal or sensitizer to adjust the band gap and reduce the recombination of photoinduced charge carriers. Considering solar light-induced photocatalytic hydrogen generation, various visible light active photocatalysts have been derived from carbon chain organic compounds and lattice crystals. This review classifies the visible light active photocatalysts as follows: (a) structural and chemical components of modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), (b) exfoliated perovskites, and (c) π-bond conjugated polymers to produce hydrogen from water splitting. The hydrogen evolution efficiency of photocatalysts shows a great difference under visible light (λ > 400 nm) irradiation according to the three-dimensional structure and electron transfer pathway. This is because the capability of restricting the recombination of photoinduced charge carriers and the band gap between the valence band and the conduction band of photocatalysts is dependent on the morphology and electrostatic interactions among components. This paper reviews visible light photocatalysts, that is, g-C3N4 based materials, layered perovskites, and conjugated polymers, to provide integrated insight into photocatalytic water splitting to obtain hydrogen. Citing Literature Volume46, Issue5April 2022Pages 5467-5477 RelatedInformation