Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W39193122', 'doi': None, 'title': 'Japan-U.S. Relations toward the 21st Century', 'display_name': 'Japan-U.S. Relations toward the 21st Century', 'publication_year': 1994, 'publication_date': '1994-06-22', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W39193122', 'mag': '39193122'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/29766804', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S14445259', 'display_name': 'Social Justice A Journal of Crime Conflict & World Order', 'issn_l': '1043-1578', 'issn': ['1043-1578', '2327-641X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110748270', 'display_name': 'G. Christopher Shank', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Gregory Shank', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5110748270'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.275, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.584927, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 53, 'max': 61}, 'biblio': {'volume': '21', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '8', 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13631', 'display_name': 'Global History, Politics, and Ideology', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13631', 'display_name': 'Global History, Politics, and Ideology', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rivalry', 'display_name': 'Rivalry', 'score': 0.6637268}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/world-economy', 'display_name': 'World economy', 'score': 0.41931865}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779602485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2901966', 'display_name': 'Rivalry', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6637268}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779343474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175', 'display_name': 'Context (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63141143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76775654', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27231', 'display_name': 'East Asia', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.56257904}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191935318', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148', 'display_name': 'China', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.542819}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C137355542', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362', 'display_name': 'World War II', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4940253}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195742910', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176494', 'display_name': 'Recession', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45322475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136264566', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810', 'display_name': 'Economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44902548}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777098093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473750', 'display_name': 'World economy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41931865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4132586}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47768531', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188', 'display_name': 'Development economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4037978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6303427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398', 'display_name': 'Economic history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3699602}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.29001987}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2650069}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18190905}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165556158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83937', 'display_name': 'Keynesian economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/29766804', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S14445259', 'display_name': 'Social Justice A Journal of Crime Conflict & World Order', 'issn_l': '1043-1578', 'issn': ['1043-1578', '2327-641X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 8, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1548407146', 'https://openalex.org/W1995305749', 'https://openalex.org/W2013708956', 'https://openalex.org/W2316013164', 'https://openalex.org/W2595237542', 'https://openalex.org/W2796440263', 'https://openalex.org/W2798034458', 'https://openalex.org/W292856896'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W754832989', 'https://openalex.org/W345181655', 'https://openalex.org/W3170464587', 'https://openalex.org/W3126113992', 'https://openalex.org/W305268837', 'https://openalex.org/W255618594', 'https://openalex.org/W2487589013', 'https://openalex.org/W2487583781', 'https://openalex.org/W246081630', 'https://openalex.org/W220453842', 'https://openalex.org/W2172526049', 'https://openalex.org/W2089906022', 'https://openalex.org/W2057903161', 'https://openalex.org/W2042409732', 'https://openalex.org/W2038526568', 'https://openalex.org/W1984400548', 'https://openalex.org/W1977626831', 'https://openalex.org/W1578885300', 'https://openalex.org/W1560649329', 'https://openalex.org/W1031853155'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Japan': [0, 82, 138, 306, 325, 407, 615], 'and': [1, 16, 60, 86, 127, 139, 151, 182, 222, 305, 308, 338, 360, 363, 378, 395, 408, 432, 506, 537], 'Asia': [2, 55, 191, 350, 463], 'will': [3, 132, 274, 386, 444, 504, 519, 597, 616, 639], 'undoubtedly': [4], 'figure': [5, 265], 'prominently': [6], 'in': [7, 26, 45, 54, 65, 84, 100, 116, 154, 171, 200, 235, 282, 371, 382, 428, 492, 510, 522, 624, 627], 'the': [8, 11, 27, 50, 66, 75, 79, 95, 101, 134, 140, 143, 147, 158, 161, 166, 175, 187, 194, 201, 209, 248, 259, 272, 276, 279, 288, 295, 303, 353, 383, 402, 409, 416, 429, 459, 468, 471, 479, 493, 496, 500, 523, 531, 577, 603, 606, 609, 621, 625, 628, 630, 633, 636], 'future': [9, 108, 176], 'of': [10, 81, 103, 109, 122, 149, 160, 251, 258, 278, 319, 335, 340, 406, 458, 470, 482, 499, 525, 579, 592, 632], 'United': [12, 607, 622], 'States': [13, 608, 623], 'economically,': [14], 'politically,': [15], 'strategically.': [17], 'Yet': [18], 'despite': [19, 564], 'much': [20, 114], 'fanfare': [21], 'about': [22, 465], 'President': [23], "Clinton's": [24], 'involvement': [25], 'Asia-Pacific': [28], 'Economic': [29], 'Cooperation': [30], '(APEC)': [31], 'talks,': [32], 'a': [33, 42, 119, 317, 390, 392, 396, 439, 526, 535, 547, 555, 559], 'coherent': [34], 'policy': [35], 'toward': [36], 'this': [37, 155, 270, 613], 'region': [38, 481], 'appears': [39], 'to': [40, 94, 237, 287, 452, 466, 489, 515, 553, 589, 602, 620], 'be': [41, 554, 640], 'low': [43], 'priority': [44], 'Washington.': [46], 'Relations': [47], 'with': [48, 605], 'Japan,': [49], 'strongest': [51], 'U.S.': [52, 77, 141, 260, 280, 304, 377, 410, 634], 'ally': [53], 'after': [56], 'World': [57, 210], 'War': [58], 'II': [59], "America's": [61], 'most': [62, 195], 'important': [63], 'partner': [64], 'world': [67, 105, 511, 637], 'today,': [68], 'have': [69, 224], 'reached': [70, 267], 'an': [71, 90, 593], 'all-time': [72], 'low.': [73], 'In': [74, 246], 'popular': [76], 'media,': [78], 'representation': [80], 'both': [83], 'novels': [85], 'on': [87, 576, 599, 635], 'screen,': [88], 'promotes': [89], 'adversarial': [91], 'relationship.': [92], 'Central': [93], 'conflict': [96], 'is': [97, 169, 326, 351, 415, 436, 464, 476, 513, 572], 'economic': [98, 197, 380, 549], 'rivalry': [99], 'context': [102, 524], 'prolonged': [104], 'recession.': [106], 'The': [107, 203], 'these': [110, 252], 'two': [111], 'nations': [112], 'holds': [113], 'more': [115, 163, 320, 538], 'common': [117], 'than': [118, 164, 321], 'mutual': [120], 'worship': [121], 'urban': [123], 'consumer': [124], 'culture,': [125], 'baseball,': [126], 'business': [128], 'acumen.': [129], 'Below': [130], 'I': [131], 'sketch': [133], 'probable': [135], 'relationship': [136], 'between': [137], 'at': [142, 316], 'millennium': [144], 'by': [145, 208, 262], 'examining': [146], 'scenarios': [148], 'futurists': [150], 'well-known': [152], 'scholars': [153], 'area.': [156], 'At': [157, 269], 'level': [159], 'world-economy,': [162], 'half': [165], "world's": [167, 354], 'populetion': [168], 'located': [170], 'Asia,': [172, 434], 'making': [173], 'it': [174, 475], 'site': [177], 'for': [178, 346, 358, 398, 449, 612], 'low-wage': [179], 'work': [180], 'forces': [181, 600], 'potential': [183], 'unsaturated': [184], 'markets.': [185], 'Over': [186], 'last': [188], 'decade,': [189], 'East': [190, 349, 507], 'has': [192, 294, 313, 367], 'become': [193, 467], 'dynamic': [213], 'success': [198], 'story': [199], 'world.': [202], 'eight': [204, 253, 273], 'Asian': [205], 'economies': [206, 254], 'designated': [207], 'Bank': [211], 'as': [212, 389, 438], '(Japan,': [214], 'Hong': [215], 'Kong,': [216], 'Korea,': [217], 'Singapore,': [218], 'Taiwan,': [219], 'China,': [220], 'Malaysia,': [221], 'Thailand)': [223], 'seen': [225], 'their': [226], 'collective': [227], 'gross': [228], 'domestic': [229], 'product': [230], 'rise': [231], 'from': [232], '$922': [233], 'billion': [234], '1971': [236], '$3.43': [238], 'trillion': [239], '20': [240, 451], 'years': [241, 454], 'later': [242], '(in': [243], 'constant': [244], 'dollars).': [245], '1971,': [247], 'combined': [249], 'size': [250, 277], 'was': [255], 'just': [256], '33%': [257], 'economy;': [261], '1991,': [263], 'that': [264, 462], 'had': [266], '76%.': [268], 'rate,': [271], 'equal': [275], 'economy': [281, 312], '2002': [283], '(Mead,': [284, 375], '1994).': [285], 'According': [286, 488], 'International': [289], 'Monetary': [290], 'Fund,': [291], 'China': [292, 366, 388, 414, 435, 582], 'now': [293, 352], "world'": [296], 's': [297, 328], 'third': [298], 'largest': [299], 'economy,': [300], 'trailing': [301], 'only': [302, 610], '(Nomani': [307], 'Greenberger,': [309], '1993).': [310, 343, 376, 456], "China's": [311, 442], 'been': [314], 'growing': [315], 'rate': [318], '10%': [322], 'per': [323], 'year.': [324], "China'": [327], 'leading': [329, 355], 'trading': [330], 'partner,': [331, 333], 'investment': [332], 'source': [334, 339], 'foreign': [336], 'aid,': [337], 'technology': [341], '(Johnson,': [342], 'Of': [344], 'consequence': [345], 'regional': [347, 548], 'stability,': [348], 'growth': [356], 'market': [357, 404], 'aerospace': [359], 'weapons': [361], 'technology,': [362], 'each': [364], 'year': [365], 'posted': [368], 'double-digit': [369], 'increases': [370], 'its': [372, 565], 'defense': [373], 'budget': [374], 'Japanese': [379, 501, 532, 544], 'expansion': [381, 498, 518], '21st': [384], 'century': [385], 'require': [387], 'market,': [391], 'production': [393, 440], 'zone,': [394], 'force': [397], 'political': [399], 'stability.': [400], 'Because': [401], 'present': [403], 'zones': [405], 'are': [411, 423], 'reaching': [412], 'saturation,': [413], 'next': [417, 472], 'logical': [418], 'arena.': [419], 'Since': [420], 'wage': [421], 'costs': [422], 'becoming': [424, 478], 'too': [425], 'high': [426], 'even': [427], 'Four': [430], 'Dragons': [431], 'Southeast': [433], 'needed': [437], 'zone.': [441], 'wages': [443], 'not': [445], 'reach': [446], 'those': [447], 'levels': [448], 'another': [450], '30': [453], '(Wallerstein,': [455], 'None': [457], 'above': [460], 'means': [461], 'locus': [469], 'hegemony,': [473], 'but': [474], 'perhaps': [477], 'principal': [480], 'capitalist': [483], 'accumulation': [484], '(Amin,': [485], '1994:': [486], '346-347).': [487], 'Ikeda': [490], '(1994),': [491], 'coming': [494], 'century,': [495], 'postwar': [497], 'enterprise': [502], 'networks': [503], 'continue,': [505], "Asia's": [508], 'weight': [509], 'affairs': [512], 'expected': [514], 'increase.': [516], 'This': [517], 'take': [520], 'place': [521], 'U.S.-lead': [527], 'interstate': [528], 'system': [529], 'where': [530], 'state': [533], 'remains': [534], 'junior': [536], 'or': [539], 'less': [540], 'dysfunctional': [541], 'partner.': [542], 'Although': [543], 'dominance': [545], 'over': [546], 'bloc': [550], 'would': [551, 585], 'appear': [552], 'foregone': [556], 'conclusion,': [557], 'such': [558], 'scenario': [560], 'underestimates': [561], "Japan's": [562, 573], 'vulnerability': [563], 'global': [566], 'commercial': [567], 'preeminence.': [568], 'A': [569], 'primary': [570], 'impediment': [571], 'wartime': [574], 'behavior,': [575], 'basis': [578], 'which': [580], 'neither': [581], 'nor': [583], 'Korea': [584], 'accept': [586], 'being': [587], 'subordinated': [588], 'Japan.': [590], 'Maintenance': [591], 'inter-Asian': [594], 'equilibrium': [595], 'therefore': [596, 617], 'depend': [598], 'external': [601], 'region,': [604], 'candidate': [611], 'role.': [614], 'remain': [618], 'tied': [619], 'future;': [626], 'process,': [629], 'primacy': [631], 'scene': [638], 'prolonged.': [641], '…': [642]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W39193122', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T18:33:18.250811', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}