Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3205134388', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2251', 'title': 'Economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and ecological footprint: Exploring the role of environmental regulations and democracy in sustainable development', 'display_name': 'Economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and ecological footprint: Exploring the role of environmental regulations and democracy in sustainable development', 'publication_year': 2021, 'publication_date': '2021-10-12', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3205134388', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2251', 'mag': '3205134388'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2251', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S165666656', 'display_name': 'Sustainable Development', 'issn_l': '0968-0802', 'issn': ['0968-0802', '1099-1719'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://research.rug.nl/files/232795290/Sustainable_Development_2021_Ahmed_Economic_growth_renewable_energy_consumption_and_ecological_footprint_Exploring.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040979346', 'display_name': 'Zahoor Ahmed', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9366-0582'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I125839683', 'display_name': 'Beijing Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01skt4w74', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I125839683', 'https://openalex.org/I890469752']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210158000', 'display_name': 'ILMA University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05fj0h750', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210158000']}], 'countries': ['CN', 'PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zahoor Ahmed', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan', 'School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I125839683']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210158000']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045795250', 'display_name': 'Mahmood Ahmad', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9974-0150'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I119203015', 'display_name': 'Shandong University of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02mr3ar13', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I119203015']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Mahmood Ahmad', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Business School, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Business School, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I119203015']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042965595', 'display_name': 'Husam Rjoub', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-8971'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I16197041', 'display_name': 'Cyprus International University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04mk5mk38', 'country_code': 'CY', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I16197041']}], 'countries': ['CY'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Husam Rjoub', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Mersin, Haspolat, Turkey'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Mersin, Haspolat, Turkey', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I16197041']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015326123', 'display_name': 'Olga A. Kalugina', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3288-1423'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I211738395', 'display_name': 'Financial University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01hnrbb29', 'country_code': 'RU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I211738395']}], 'countries': ['RU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Olga A. Kalugina', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Faculty of Finance and Economics, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Leningradsky, Russia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Faculty of Finance and Economics, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Leningradsky, Russia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I211738395']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000188599', 'display_name': 'N. Hussain', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2873-5001'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I169381384', 'display_name': 'University of Groningen', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012p63287', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I169381384']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Nazim Hussain', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I169381384']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 5, 'institutions_distinct_count': 6, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5045795250', 'https://openalex.org/A5000188599'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I119203015', 'https://openalex.org/I169381384'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3860, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3860, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 49.727, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 287, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99998, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '30', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '595', 'last_page': '605'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10438', 'display_name': 'Energy, Environment, Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10438', 'display_name': 'Energy, Environment, Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10435', 'display_name': 'Environmental Impact and Sustainability', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2305', 'display_name': 'Environmental Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12617', 'display_name': 'Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies', 'score': 0.9949, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2105', 'display_name': 'Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/21', 'display_name': 'Energy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-modernization', 'display_name': 'Ecological modernization', 'score': 0.65560675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-degradation', 'display_name': 'Environmental degradation', 'score': 0.6017275}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-sustainability-index', 'display_name': 'Environmental Sustainability Index', 'score': 0.5623711}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83516724', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234173', 'display_name': 'Ecological footprint', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.85012215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66204764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416', 'display_name': 'Sustainability', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.80047625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777946990', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295052', 'display_name': 'Ecological modernization', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.65560675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552854447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201', 'display_name': 'Sustainable development', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6260313}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555826173', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174', 'display_name': 'Democracy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6089345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198428699', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334780', 'display_name': 'Environmental degradation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6017275}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100129307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261772', 'display_name': 'Environmental Sustainability Index', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5623711}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175605778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701', 'display_name': 'Natural resource economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.52882046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.499686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188573790', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705', 'display_name': 'Renewable energy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43848345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35507357}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74363100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005', 'display_name': 'Economic system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3401891}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31097814}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2549801}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16872582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2251', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S165666656', 'display_name': 'Sustainable Development', 'issn_l': '0968-0802', 'issn': ['0968-0802', '1099-1719'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/21970a9a-12a8-4e61-a7c9-e70841379ec4', 'pdf_url': 'https://research.rug.nl/files/232795290/Sustainable_Development_2021_Ahmed_Economic_growth_renewable_energy_consumption_and_ecological_footprint_Exploring.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401843', 'display_name': 'Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1322597698', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1322597698'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/21970a9a-12a8-4e61-a7c9-e70841379ec4', 'pdf_url': 'https://research.rug.nl/files/232795290/Sustainable_Development_2021_Ahmed_Economic_growth_renewable_energy_consumption_and_ecological_footprint_Exploring.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401843', 'display_name': 'Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1322597698', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1322597698'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 59, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1964320412', 'https://openalex.org/W1971615106', 'https://openalex.org/W1989811192', 'https://openalex.org/W1997222271', 'https://openalex.org/W2022819809', 'https://openalex.org/W2023668736', 'https://openalex.org/W2025507654', 'https://openalex.org/W2067402622', 'https://openalex.org/W2134956854', 'https://openalex.org/W2146884257', 'https://openalex.org/W2147422150', 'https://openalex.org/W2582234936', 'https://openalex.org/W2738104081', 'https://openalex.org/W2785400778', 'https://openalex.org/W2792260694', 'https://openalex.org/W2792883440', 'https://openalex.org/W2804312254', 'https://openalex.org/W2888582002', 'https://openalex.org/W2899740076', 'https://openalex.org/W2903859817', 'https://openalex.org/W2941164672', 'https://openalex.org/W2947139008', 'https://openalex.org/W2947486626', 'https://openalex.org/W2948011832', 'https://openalex.org/W2955279778', 'https://openalex.org/W2957030818', 'https://openalex.org/W2958755490', 'https://openalex.org/W2970516730', 'https://openalex.org/W2973111152', 'https://openalex.org/W2981745812', 'https://openalex.org/W2994755623', 'https://openalex.org/W3001893136', 'https://openalex.org/W3005686068', 'https://openalex.org/W3006334022', 'https://openalex.org/W3011934781', 'https://openalex.org/W3013515768', 'https://openalex.org/W3015661206', 'https://openalex.org/W3021359765', 'https://openalex.org/W3023433922', 'https://openalex.org/W3034388239', 'https://openalex.org/W3036342532', 'https://openalex.org/W3040755510', 'https://openalex.org/W3080460628', 'https://openalex.org/W3091712137', 'https://openalex.org/W3092626394', 'https://openalex.org/W3092777880', 'https://openalex.org/W3092964699', 'https://openalex.org/W3093716049', 'https://openalex.org/W3099582407', 'https://openalex.org/W3112026583', 'https://openalex.org/W3121309698', 'https://openalex.org/W3124091918', 'https://openalex.org/W3130175396', 'https://openalex.org/W3159725959', 'https://openalex.org/W3160762380', 'https://openalex.org/W3161017150', 'https://openalex.org/W3175323051', 'https://openalex.org/W3201533951', 'https://openalex.org/W4249334452'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4390442427', 'https://openalex.org/W4382937883', 'https://openalex.org/W4297548941', 'https://openalex.org/W3205134388', 'https://openalex.org/W2937331238', 'https://openalex.org/W2372386871', 'https://openalex.org/W2349100673', 'https://openalex.org/W2288337465', 'https://openalex.org/W2119389026', 'https://openalex.org/W2054761302'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Countries': [1], 'enact': [2], 'environmental': [3, 13, 18, 36, 45, 85, 111, 122], 'regulations': [4, 14, 86, 123], 'to': [5, 61, 69, 89], 'achieve': [6], 'sustainable': [7, 135], 'development': [8, 136], 'and': [9, 33, 49, 84, 104, 113, 121, 137], 'ecological': [10, 50, 90, 138], 'sustainability.': [11], 'However,': [12], 'do': [15], 'not': [16], 'guarantee': [17], 'sustainability': [19, 91, 139], 'unless': [20], 'implemented': [21], 'efficiently.': [22], 'Furthermore,': [23], 'political': [24], 'institutions': [25], 'play': [26], 'a': [27], 'key': [28], 'role': [29], 'in': [30, 53], 'the': [31, 41, 54, 71, 115, 129], 'formulation': [32], 'management': [34], 'of': [35, 56, 117, 131], 'regulations.': [37], 'This': [38], 'research': [39], 'examines': [40], 'relationship': [42], 'between': [43], 'democracy,': [44], 'regulations,': [46], 'economic': [47, 78], 'growth,': [48], 'footprint': [51], '(EF)': [52], 'panel': [55], 'G7': [57], 'nations': [58], 'from': [59], '1985': [60], '2017.': [62], 'Second': [63], 'generation': [64], 'econometric': [65], 'techniques': [66], 'are': [67, 140], 'used': [68], 'analyze': [70], 'data.': [72], 'The': [73, 95], 'empirical': [74], 'evidence': [75], 'indicates': [76], 'that': [77, 99, 108], 'growth': [79], 'enhances': [80], 'EF': [81, 103], 'while': [82], 'democracy': [83, 100, 109, 120], 'positively': [87], 'contribute': [88], 'by': [92], 'reducing': [93], 'EF.': [94], 'causal': [96], 'outcomes': [97], 'reveal': [98], 'Granger': [101, 124], 'causes': [102], 'renewable': [105], 'energy': [106], 'indicating': [107], 'curbs': [110], 'degradation': [112], 'stimulates': [114], 'share': [116], 'renewables.': [118], 'Further,': [119], 'cause': [125], 'each': [126], 'other.': [127], 'Lastly,': [128], 'implication': [130], 'these': [132], 'findings': [133], 'for': [134], 'discussed.': [141]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3205134388', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 103}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 110}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 67}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-14T21:20:34.282536', 'created_date': '2021-10-25'}