Abstract: Environmental movements are forms of collective action that are sustained over time and across space and which serve to politicize nature while also pursuing particular normative goals regarding the environment. These goals vary widely, reflecting the particular environmentalism that underlies these movements. These environmentalisms can hinge around notions of conservation, justice, livelihood, resource nationalism, and the rights of nature and species, among others. Politicized notions of the environment can also be fostered by movements that do not self‐identify as “environmental”: the indigenous movement for example. Environmental movements range from the locally focused through to transnational, networked movements. Movement strategies and approaches to protest also vary widely. Some movements embrace direct action and overt protest, while others prefer to express disagreement through negotiation. Nongovernmental and other social movement organizations play critical roles in determining movement orientation and strategy, though relationships between these organizations and the broader movement can be complex and tense.
Publication Year: 2017
Publication Date: 2017-03-06
Language: en
Type: other
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 2
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