Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3172657955', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.033', 'title': 'The essence of the engram: Cellular or synaptic?', 'display_name': 'The essence of the engram: Cellular or synaptic?', 'publication_year': 2021, 'publication_date': '2021-06-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3172657955', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.033', 'mag': '3172657955', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34103208'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.033', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S105347553', 'display_name': 'Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology', 'issn_l': '1084-9521', 'issn': ['1084-9521', '1096-3634'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.033', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032935203', 'display_name': 'Dae Hee Han', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-9721'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I139264467', 'display_name': 'Seoul National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04h9pn542', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dae Hee Han', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5071155132', 'display_name': 'Pojeong Park', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5574-6104'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I139264467', 'display_name': 'Seoul National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04h9pn542', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pojeong Park', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036081806', 'display_name': 'Dong Il Choi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1167-6375'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I139264467', 'display_name': 'Seoul National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04h9pn542', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dong Il Choi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111657469', 'display_name': 'Tim Bliss', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801081054', 'display_name': 'The Francis Crick Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tnbqb63', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801081054']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Tim V.P. Bliss', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Group leader emeritus, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Somers Town, London NW1 1AT, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Group leader emeritus, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Somers Town, London NW1 1AT, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801081054']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052451906', 'display_name': 'Bong‐Kiun Kaang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-9707'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I139264467', 'display_name': 'Seoul National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04h9pn542', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Bong-Kiun Kaang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5052451906'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I139264467'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4260, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4260, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 4260, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4260, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 1.476, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 35, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.998054, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '125', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '122', 'last_page': '135'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10077', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10077', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10448', 'display_name': 'Memory and Neural Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10581', 'display_name': 'Neural dynamics and brain function', 'score': 0.9941, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/engram', 'display_name': 'Engram', 'score': 0.97728854}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-formation', 'display_name': 'Memory Formation', 'score': 0.4585632}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C28093023', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175168', 'display_name': 'Engram', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.97728854}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C48455012', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892593', 'display_name': 'Memory consolidation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8209512}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7243713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.65106046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100660578', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733', 'display_name': 'Recall', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50656974}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993691153', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492', 'display_name': 'Memory formation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4585632}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.22834167}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781161787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48360', 'display_name': 'Hippocampus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.17050341}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180747234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373', 'display_name': 'Cognitive psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.124749094}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D011939', 'descriptor_name': 'Mental Recall', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013569', 'descriptor_name': 'Synapses', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011939', 'descriptor_name': 'Mental Recall', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.033', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S105347553', 'display_name': 'Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology', 'issn_l': '1084-9521', 'issn': ['1084-9521', '1096-3634'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34103208', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.033', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S105347553', 'display_name': 'Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology', 'issn_l': '1084-9521', 'issn': ['1084-9521', '1096-3634'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 156, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1440335865', 'https://openalex.org/W1483057098', 'https://openalex.org/W1488313827', 'https://openalex.org/W1505984050', 'https://openalex.org/W1572640432', 'https://openalex.org/W1591199750', 'https://openalex.org/W1607671357', 'https://openalex.org/W1608785134', 'https://openalex.org/W1642243794', 'https://openalex.org/W1937980604', 'https://openalex.org/W1969769253', 'https://openalex.org/W1979071588', 'https://openalex.org/W1980006923', 'https://openalex.org/W1982864908', 'https://openalex.org/W1983600855', 'https://openalex.org/W1988968741', 'https://openalex.org/W1991182470', 'https://openalex.org/W2001082247', 'https://openalex.org/W2001528712', 'https://openalex.org/W2002927748', 'https://openalex.org/W2005720817', 'https://openalex.org/W2009601165', 'https://openalex.org/W2009782005', 'https://openalex.org/W2010778459', 'https://openalex.org/W2013185658', 'https://openalex.org/W2018129607', 'https://openalex.org/W2021502471', 'https://openalex.org/W2024758252', 'https://openalex.org/W2025801062', 'https://openalex.org/W2025806474', 'https://openalex.org/W2026663553', 'https://openalex.org/W2029083932', 'https://openalex.org/W2031104034', 'https://openalex.org/W2031313254', 'https://openalex.org/W2042479971', 'https://openalex.org/W2044777055', 'https://openalex.org/W2046033738', 'https://openalex.org/W2047148152', 'https://openalex.org/W2047743009', 'https://openalex.org/W2049511526', 'https://openalex.org/W2049753507', 'https://openalex.org/W2058113433', 'https://openalex.org/W2058148599', 'https://openalex.org/W2059148040', 'https://openalex.org/W2060584787', 'https://openalex.org/W2061722255', 'https://openalex.org/W2062843325', 'https://openalex.org/W2063017515', 'https://openalex.org/W2063934960', 'https://openalex.org/W2065435196', 'https://openalex.org/W2067587841', 'https://openalex.org/W2071910925', 'https://openalex.org/W2073338028', 'https://openalex.org/W2073789350', 'https://openalex.org/W2075856578', 'https://openalex.org/W2076718555', 'https://openalex.org/W2078195513', 'https://openalex.org/W2083750191', 'https://openalex.org/W2085974955', 'https://openalex.org/W2087924467', 'https://openalex.org/W2089817334', 'https://openalex.org/W2095256251', 'https://openalex.org/W2099021265', 'https://openalex.org/W2104742248', 'https://openalex.org/W2110659025', 'https://openalex.org/W2116161842', 'https://openalex.org/W2116875316', 'https://openalex.org/W2120938812', 'https://openalex.org/W2129637782', 'https://openalex.org/W2143742981', 'https://openalex.org/W2148389554', 'https://openalex.org/W2151251384', 'https://openalex.org/W2155505956', 'https://openalex.org/W2157468016', 'https://openalex.org/W2158181114', 'https://openalex.org/W2158553737', 'https://openalex.org/W2159887581', 'https://openalex.org/W2161853532', 'https://openalex.org/W2161989371', 'https://openalex.org/W2167165150', 'https://openalex.org/W2169371126', 'https://openalex.org/W2169821305', 'https://openalex.org/W2171343069', 'https://openalex.org/W2187369646', 'https://openalex.org/W2195975231', 'https://openalex.org/W2261030667', 'https://openalex.org/W2298376950', 'https://openalex.org/W2299967951', 'https://openalex.org/W2305524893', 'https://openalex.org/W2311241788', 'https://openalex.org/W2397854701', 'https://openalex.org/W2404947714', 'https://openalex.org/W2408435161', 'https://openalex.org/W2410446460', 'https://openalex.org/W2471048879', 'https://openalex.org/W2488937931', 'https://openalex.org/W2508029759', 'https://openalex.org/W2525578234', 'https://openalex.org/W2602668040', 'https://openalex.org/W2604988916', 'https://openalex.org/W2610261218', 'https://openalex.org/W2616355480', 'https://openalex.org/W267428601', 'https://openalex.org/W2725814939', 'https://openalex.org/W2730558598', 'https://openalex.org/W2748043294', 'https://openalex.org/W2758121911', 'https://openalex.org/W2765830037', 'https://openalex.org/W2770026575', 'https://openalex.org/W2783503227', 'https://openalex.org/W2801760391', 'https://openalex.org/W2802172273', 'https://openalex.org/W2805753824', 'https://openalex.org/W2808647362', 'https://openalex.org/W2808675327', 'https://openalex.org/W2825664474', 'https://openalex.org/W2883615957', 'https://openalex.org/W2883712683', 'https://openalex.org/W2895630969', 'https://openalex.org/W2898344414', 'https://openalex.org/W2904404111', 'https://openalex.org/W2911738912', 'https://openalex.org/W2913490837', 'https://openalex.org/W2922284438', 'https://openalex.org/W2935468986', 'https://openalex.org/W2942791208', 'https://openalex.org/W2943518292', 'https://openalex.org/W2944850463', 'https://openalex.org/W2945130415', 'https://openalex.org/W2946340598', 'https://openalex.org/W2949065250', 'https://openalex.org/W2953204260', 'https://openalex.org/W2953311973', 'https://openalex.org/W2979747856', 'https://openalex.org/W2987772439', 'https://openalex.org/W2991302611', 'https://openalex.org/W2998470023', 'https://openalex.org/W2999741028', 'https://openalex.org/W3003892910', 'https://openalex.org/W3011353299', 'https://openalex.org/W3012406978', 'https://openalex.org/W3012431228', 'https://openalex.org/W3013220673', 'https://openalex.org/W3040191515', 'https://openalex.org/W3045874643', 'https://openalex.org/W3047434011', 'https://openalex.org/W3082162714', 'https://openalex.org/W3090072122', 'https://openalex.org/W3090210794', 'https://openalex.org/W3102239735', 'https://openalex.org/W3112358871', 'https://openalex.org/W3114010816', 'https://openalex.org/W3194655803', 'https://openalex.org/W4233451117', 'https://openalex.org/W4251731575', 'https://openalex.org/W950082919'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4220732886', 'https://openalex.org/W3215609043', 'https://openalex.org/W3163638388', 'https://openalex.org/W3110123118', 'https://openalex.org/W3003892910', 'https://openalex.org/W2929645334', 'https://openalex.org/W2587125825', 'https://openalex.org/W1999704907', 'https://openalex.org/W1984391631', 'https://openalex.org/W1979679093'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Memory': [0], 'is': [1, 44, 56, 73, 81], 'composed': [2], 'of': [3, 33, 41, 51, 69, 110], 'various': [4], 'phases': [5, 68, 109], 'including': [6], 'cellular': [7, 62, 102, 120], 'consolidation,': [8, 10], 'systems': [9], 'reconsolidation,': [11], 'and': [12, 46, 112, 121], 'extinction.': [13], 'In': [14, 94], 'the': [15, 34, 49, 66, 77, 82, 92, 114], 'last': [16], 'few': [17], 'years': [18], 'it': [19, 55, 80], 'has': [20], 'been': [21], 'shown': [22], 'that': [23, 79, 90], 'simple': [24], 'association': [25, 52], 'memories': [26], 'can': [27], 'be': [28], 'encoded': [29], 'by': [30], 'a': [31, 105], 'subset': [32], 'neuronal': [35], 'population': [36], 'called': [37], 'engram': [38, 85], 'cells.': [39], 'Activity': [40], 'these': [42], 'cells': [43, 86], 'necessary': [45], 'sufficient': [47], 'for': [48, 119], 'recall': [50], 'memory.': [53, 70, 93], 'However,': [54], 'unclear': [57], 'which': [58], 'molecular': [59, 116], 'mechanisms': [60], 'allow': [61], 'engrams': [63, 103], 'to': [64, 75], 'encode': [65], 'diverse': [67], 'Further': [71], 'research': [72], 'needed': [74], 'examine': [76], 'possibility': [78], 'synapses': [83], 'between': [84], '(the': [87], 'synaptic': [88, 122], 'engram)': [89], 'constitute': [91], 'this': [95], 'review': [96], 'we': [97], 'summarize': [98], 'recent': [99], 'findings': [100], 'on': [101, 107], 'with': [104], 'focus': [106], 'different': [108], 'memory,': [111], 'discuss': [113], 'distinct': [115], 'mechanism': [117], 'required': [118], 'engrams.': [123]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3172657955', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T10:34:29.666645', 'created_date': '2021-06-22'}