Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3165871036', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2021.112', 'title': 'Form Factors of the Heisenberg Spin Chain in the Thermodynamic Limit: Dealing with Complex Bethe Roots', 'display_name': 'Form Factors of the Heisenberg Spin Chain in the Thermodynamic Limit: Dealing with Complex Bethe Roots', 'publication_year': 2021, 'publication_date': '2021-12-25', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3165871036', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2021.112', 'mag': '3165871036'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2021.112', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2021/112/sigma21-112.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S190431191', 'display_name': 'Symmetry Integrability and Geometry Methods and Applications', 'issn_l': '1815-0659', 'issn': ['1815-0659'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321802', 'host_organization_name': 'National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321802'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'datacite'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'diamond', 'oa_url': 'https://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2021/112/sigma21-112.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046077575', 'display_name': 'N Kitanine', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-5307'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112333', 'display_name': 'Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021f0sa24', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177064439', 'https://openalex.org/I4210112333']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nikolai Kitanine', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne [Dijon]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne [Dijon]', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210112333']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5011678667', 'display_name': 'G. Kulkarni', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-3120'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112333', 'display_name': 'Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021f0sa24', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177064439', 'https://openalex.org/I4210112333']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Giridhar Kulkarni', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne [Dijon]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne [Dijon]', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210112333']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 57}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10287', 'display_name': 'Algebraic structures and combinatorial models', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2608', 'display_name': 'Geometry and Topology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10287', 'display_name': 'Algebraic structures and combinatorial models', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2608', 'display_name': 'Geometry and Topology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11804', 'display_name': 'Quantum many-body systems', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11673', 'display_name': 'Advanced Topics in Algebra', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2602', 'display_name': 'Algebra and Number Theory'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bethe-ansatz', 'display_name': 'Bethe ansatz', 'score': 0.9860026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamic-limit', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamic limit', 'score': 0.8955424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chain', 'display_name': 'Chain (unit)', 'score': 0.544865}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77843276', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831226', 'display_name': 'Bethe ansatz', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9860026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54021167', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1103484', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamic limit', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8955424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151201525', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239', 'display_name': 'Limit (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.73058164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9376300', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817', 'display_name': 'Algebraic number', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63554144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42704618', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910917', 'display_name': 'Spin (aerodynamics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5483152}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199185054', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552299', 'display_name': 'Chain (unit)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.544865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C37914503', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495', 'display_name': 'Mathematical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5406032}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5208914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41569248}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3666573}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200741047', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1957758', 'display_name': 'Integrable system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.21350431}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16585565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06801152}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2021.112', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2021/112/sigma21-112.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S190431191', 'display_name': 'Symmetry Integrability and Geometry Methods and Applications', 'issn_l': '1815-0659', 'issn': ['1815-0659'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321802', 'host_organization_name': 'National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321802'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.10244', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.10244', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03248894', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402512', 'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'host_organization_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hal.science/hal-03248894', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402512', 'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'host_organization_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.2105.10244', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2021.112', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2021/112/sigma21-112.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S190431191', 'display_name': 'Symmetry Integrability and Geometry Methods and Applications', 'issn_l': '1815-0659', 'issn': ['1815-0659'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321802', 'host_organization_name': 'National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321802'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W3165871036'], 'referenced_works_count': 43, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1499968416', 'https://openalex.org/W1523179707', 'https://openalex.org/W163520620', 'https://openalex.org/W197043206', 'https://openalex.org/W1980117996', 'https://openalex.org/W1981991769', 'https://openalex.org/W1986315623', 'https://openalex.org/W1992252594', 'https://openalex.org/W1996572322', 'https://openalex.org/W2009033335', 'https://openalex.org/W2011426642', 'https://openalex.org/W2017359442', 'https://openalex.org/W2017865591', 'https://openalex.org/W2020351186', 'https://openalex.org/W2022808559', 'https://openalex.org/W2026841374', 'https://openalex.org/W2031865103', 'https://openalex.org/W2042261179', 'https://openalex.org/W2047077077', 'https://openalex.org/W2055772798', 'https://openalex.org/W2058104370', 'https://openalex.org/W2086424859', 'https://openalex.org/W2095341144', 'https://openalex.org/W2126264349', 'https://openalex.org/W2223883879', 'https://openalex.org/W2317586084', 'https://openalex.org/W2476539100', 'https://openalex.org/W2595338926', 'https://openalex.org/W2918671762', 'https://openalex.org/W2962901482', 'https://openalex.org/W3098833955', 'https://openalex.org/W3099287664', 'https://openalex.org/W3099828379', 'https://openalex.org/W3099876183', 'https://openalex.org/W3100943798', 'https://openalex.org/W3102041875', 'https://openalex.org/W3103699266', 'https://openalex.org/W3105241234', 'https://openalex.org/W3106447048', 'https://openalex.org/W3107596354', 'https://openalex.org/W3112476665', 'https://openalex.org/W3121490659', 'https://openalex.org/W3153729364'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3165871036', 'https://openalex.org/W3103741805', 'https://openalex.org/W2773588094', 'https://openalex.org/W2261293204', 'https://openalex.org/W2025392373', 'https://openalex.org/W2004876735', 'https://openalex.org/W1993029089', 'https://openalex.org/W1982938191', 'https://openalex.org/W1982447619', 'https://openalex.org/W1638837270'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0, 68], 'this': [1, 66], 'article': [2], 'we': [3, 70], 'study': [4], 'the': [5, 9, 13, 19, 30, 34, 47, 58, 62, 73, 77, 85], 'thermodynamic': [6, 48], 'limit': [7], 'of': [8, 12, 40, 57, 61], 'form': [10, 31], 'factors': [11, 32], 'XXX': [14], 'Heisenberg': [15], 'spin': [16], 'chain': [17], 'using': [18], 'algebraic': [20, 86], 'Bethe': [21, 63, 80, 87], 'ansatz': [22], 'approach.': [23], 'Our': [24], 'main': [25], 'goal': [26], 'is': [27], 'to': [28, 53], 'express': [29], 'for': [33, 76], 'low-lying': [35], 'excited': [36], 'states': [37], 'as': [38], 'determinants': [39], 'matrices': [41], 'that': [42, 72], 'remain': [43], 'finite': [44], 'dimensional': [45], 'in': [46], 'limit.': [49], 'We': [50], 'show': [51], 'how': [52], 'treat': [54], 'all': [55], 'types': [56], 'complex': [59], 'roots': [60], 'equations': [64, 81], 'within': [65], 'framework.': [67], 'particular': [69], 'demonstrate': [71], 'Gaudin': [74], 'determinant': [75], 'higher': [78], 'level': [79], 'arises': [82], 'naturally': [83], 'from': [84], 'ansatz.': [88]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3165871036', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T00:02:26.534282', 'created_date': '2021-06-07'}