Title: Twin-Rudder-System Configurations’ Impact on Ferry Ships’ Course-Keeping Ability under Windy Conditions
Abstract: Ship course-keeping plays a vital role in navigation safety, especially when a ship is operating under windy conditions.A method to control ship movements through rudder-system configuration is necessary to stabilize a ship's course.This paper describes the twin-rudder-system configuration design's impact on a ship's course-keeping ability under windy conditions.A timedomain simulation using the MATLAB-Simulink program was developed for this purpose.A proportional integral derivative (PID) controller was used to adjust the ship's heading angle according to the desired path.Several parameters-such as relative wind velocity and directionswere accounted for in the simulation.The result shows that, at a wind direction of 88 o , the ship's course-keeping speed decreased; however, increasing wind velocity caused a large deviation in the ship's heading angle.Meanwhile, the ship's course-keeping speed increased with rising windspeed directions of 219 o .The ship's course-keeping time, at around 219 o under the simulation's wind direction, was 11.84% lower than during a previous sea-trial.A possible reason for this difference is that the simulation excluded waves and currents.