Title: Estrogen receptors' neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity
Abstract:Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory brain neurotransmitter that has important functional sig- nificance with respect to neurodegenerative conditions. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurod...Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory brain neurotransmitter that has important functional sig- nificance with respect to neurodegenerative conditions. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been gradually becoming elucidated recently. Excessive release of glutamate induces an increase in intracellular Ca 2? levels, thus triggers a cascade of cellular responses, ultimately leading to neu- ronal cell death. This type of neuronal damage induced by over-excitation has been proposed to be involved in a number of neuropathological conditions, ranging from acute insults to chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Estrogen could be effective in modulating glutamate- induced neurotoxicity and the protective responsivenesses are mostly estrogen receptors (ERs)-dependent. However, the mechanism underlying estrogen's neuroprotective effect is not fully clarified and is complicated by the pre- sence of several distinct ER types. So a deeper research into the neuroprotection of ERs might be informative about the positive effect that estrogen might have on ageing- related cognitive changes. Extensive studies have indicated the neuroprotective effects of ERs against glutamate- induced neurotoxicity. The purpose of this review is to elucidate ERs' neuroprotective effects against glutamate- induced cytotoxicity and explore new ways to prevent and cure neurotoxicity-associated neurodegenerative disorders.Read More
Publication Year: 2014
Publication Date: 2014-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
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