Title: Sarcoptic mange: An emerging panzootic in wildlife
Abstract: Transboundary and Emerging DiseasesEarly View REVIEW ARTICLE Sarcoptic mange: An emerging panzootic in wildlife Luis E. Escobar, Corresponding Author Luis E. Escobar [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-2750 Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA Correspondence Luis E. Escobar, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, 310 West Campus Drive, Rm 101, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Email: [email protected] for more papers by this authorScott Carver, Scott Carver orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-7588 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorPaul C. Cross, Paul C. Cross U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT, USASearch for more papers by this authorLuca Rossi, Luca Rossi Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorEmily S. Almberg, Emily S. Almberg Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Bozeman, MT, USASearch for more papers by this authorMichael J. Yabsley, Michael J. Yabsley orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-5015 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USASearch for more papers by this authorKevin D. Niedringhaus, Kevin D. Niedringhaus Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USASearch for more papers by this authorPeach Van Wick, Peach Van Wick The Wildlife Center of Virginia, Waynesboro, VA, USASearch for more papers by this authorErnesto Dominguez-Villegas, Ernesto Dominguez-Villegas The Wildlife Center of Virginia, Waynesboro, VA, USASearch for more papers by this authorFrancis Gakuya, Francis Gakuya Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, KenyaSearch for more papers by this authorYue Xie, Yue Xie Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorSamer Angelone, Samer Angelone University of Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorChristian Gortázar, Christian Gortázar orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-4006 IREC (Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha & CSIC), Ciudad Real, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorFrancisca Astorga, Francisca Astorga Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author Luis E. Escobar, Corresponding Author Luis E. Escobar [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-2750 Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA Correspondence Luis E. Escobar, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, 310 West Campus Drive, Rm 101, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Email: [email protected] for more papers by this authorScott Carver, Scott Carver orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-7588 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorPaul C. Cross, Paul C. Cross U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT, USASearch for more papers by this authorLuca Rossi, Luca Rossi Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorEmily S. Almberg, Emily S. Almberg Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Bozeman, MT, USASearch for more papers by this authorMichael J. Yabsley, Michael J. Yabsley orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-5015 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USASearch for more papers by this authorKevin D. Niedringhaus, Kevin D. Niedringhaus Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USASearch for more papers by this authorPeach Van Wick, Peach Van Wick The Wildlife Center of Virginia, Waynesboro, VA, USASearch for more papers by this authorErnesto Dominguez-Villegas, Ernesto Dominguez-Villegas The Wildlife Center of Virginia, Waynesboro, VA, USASearch for more papers by this authorFrancis Gakuya, Francis Gakuya Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, KenyaSearch for more papers by this authorYue Xie, Yue Xie Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorSamer Angelone, Samer Angelone University of Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorChristian Gortázar, Christian Gortázar orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-4006 IREC (Universidad de Castilla – La Mancha & CSIC), Ciudad Real, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorFrancisca Astorga, Francisca Astorga Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author First published: 23 March 2021 https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14082 Funding information: The Australian Research Council Linkage Project (LP180101251) provided funding support to Scott Carver. Additional support was given by the Seed Grants of the Global Change Center and the Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens of Virginia Tech. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Sarcoptic mange, a skin infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, is an emerging disease for some species of wildlife, potentially jeopardizing their welfare and conservation. Sarcoptes scabiei has a near-global distribution facilitated by its forms of transmission and use of a large diversity of host species (many of those with broad geographic distribution). In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge concerning the geographic and host taxonomic distribution of mange in wildlife, the epidemiological connections between species, and the potential threat of sarcoptic mange for wildlife conservation. Recent sarcoptic mange outbreaks in wildlife appear to demonstrate ongoing geographic spread, increase in the number of hosts and increased virulence. Sarcoptic mange has been reported in at least 12 orders, 39 families and 148 species of domestic and wild mammals, making it one of the most generalist ectoparasites of mammals. Taxonomically, the orders with most species found infested so far include Perissodactyla (67% species from the entire order), Artiodactyla (47%), and Diprotodontia (67% from this order). This suggests that new species from these mammal orders are likely to suffer cross-species transmission and be reported positive to sarcoptic mange as surveillance improves. We propose a new agenda for the study of sarcoptic mange in wildlife, including the study of the global phylogeography of S. scabiei, linkages between ecological host traits and sarcoptic mange susceptibility, immunology of individuals and species, development of control strategies in wildlife outbreaks and the effects of global environmental change in the sarcoptic mange system. The ongoing transmission globally and sustained spread among areas and wildlife species make sarcoptic mange an emerging panzootic in wildlife. A better understanding of sarcoptic mange could illuminate the aspects of ecological and evolutionary drivers in cross-species transmission for many emerging diseases. Open Research DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Data supporting this review are available in the supplementary materials in .csv and .docx format. Supporting Information Filename Description tbed14082-sup-0001-TableS1.csvapplication/csv, 7.9 KB Table S1 tbed14082-sup-0002-MaterialS1a.docxWord document, 36.2 KB Material S1a tbed14082-sup-0003-MaterialS2.docxWord document, 31.3 KB Material S2 tbed14082-sup-0004-MaterialS3.docxWord document, 71 KB Material S3 tbed14082-sup-0005-MaterialS4.docxWord document, 62.7 KB Material S4 Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation