Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3133359490', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8', 'title': 'Nanomedicine for COVID-19: the role of nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of COVID-19', 'display_name': 'Nanomedicine for COVID-19: the role of nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of COVID-19', 'publication_year': 2021, 'publication_date': '2021-02-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3133359490', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8', 'mag': '3133359490', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33615140', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7881345'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210216082', 'display_name': 'Emergent Materials', 'issn_l': '2522-5731', 'issn': ['2522-5731', '2522-574X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085708726', 'display_name': 'Farzan Vahedifard', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0803-7831'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I36258959', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Diego', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0168r3w48', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I36258959']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Farzan Vahedifard', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego Health Center, San Diego, CA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego Health Center, San Diego, CA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I36258959']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000599518', 'display_name': 'Krishnan Chakravarthy', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7994-3786'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I36258959', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Diego', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0168r3w48', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I36258959']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Krishnan Chakravarthy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego Health Center, 9400 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego Health Center, 9400 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I36258959']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5000599518'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I36258959'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2290, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2890, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2290, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2890, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 3.405, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 108, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.545902, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '4', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '75', 'last_page': '99'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11754', 'display_name': 'SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11754', 'display_name': 'SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10118', 'display_name': 'SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10041', 'display_name': 'COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies', 'score': 0.9912, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic', 'display_name': 'Pandemic', 'score': 0.5796265}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus', 'display_name': 'Coronavirus', 'score': 0.4922785}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nanocarriers', 'display_name': 'Nanocarriers', 'score': 0.46271464}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15083742', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261659', 'display_name': 'Nanomedicine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8692759}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5943266}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3008058167', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196', 'display_name': 'Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5926265}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89623803', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184', 'display_name': 'Pandemic', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5796265}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.50628674}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779820397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806', 'display_name': 'Drug delivery', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49346152}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777648638', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57751738', 'display_name': 'Coronavirus', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.4922785}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780035454', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386', 'display_name': 'Drug', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47556204}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18150654', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153796', 'display_name': 'Nanocarriers', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46271464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3007834351', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695', 'display_name': 'Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.4264135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177713679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690', 'display_name': 'Intensive care medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33825514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2887953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155672457', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231', 'display_name': 'Nanoparticle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2633222}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17832592}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C524204448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926', 'display_name': 'Infectious disease (medical specialty)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.15422353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0928469}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.091739}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210216082', 'display_name': 'Emergent Materials', 'issn_l': '2522-5731', 'issn': ['2522-5731', '2522-574X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7881345', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7881345?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402606', 'display_name': 'Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112663', 'host_organization_name': 'ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210112663'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6427576', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6427577/data', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196269', 'display_name': 'PUBLISSO (German National Library of Medicine)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112663', 'host_organization_name': 'ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210112663'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7881345', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33615140', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42247-021-00168-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210216082', 'display_name': 'Emergent Materials', 'issn_l': '2522-5731', 'issn': ['2522-5731', '2522-574X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.82, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 287, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1088146625', 'https://openalex.org/W128883573', 'https://openalex.org/W1481666085', 'https://openalex.org/W1482920749', 'https://openalex.org/W1587017522', 'https://openalex.org/W1608478686', 'https://openalex.org/W1656351664', 'https://openalex.org/W1828055893', 'https://openalex.org/W1964202009', 'https://openalex.org/W1967909510', 'https://openalex.org/W1968101875', 'https://openalex.org/W1968541042', 'https://openalex.org/W1975169783', 'https://openalex.org/W1980129459', 'https://openalex.org/W1985360563', 'https://openalex.org/W1986974927', 'https://openalex.org/W1993373375', 'https://openalex.org/W1994294415', 'https://openalex.org/W1995533149', 'https://openalex.org/W1998272949', 'https://openalex.org/W1998336888', 'https://openalex.org/W2000330721', 'https://openalex.org/W2002279353', 'https://openalex.org/W2002844537', 'https://openalex.org/W2003552091', 'https://openalex.org/W2010198991', 'https://openalex.org/W2012086312', 'https://openalex.org/W2014214387', 'https://openalex.org/W2015017189', 'https://openalex.org/W2021238010', 'https://openalex.org/W2023785357', 'https://openalex.org/W2023898501', 'https://openalex.org/W2027691472', 'https://openalex.org/W2028310736', 'https://openalex.org/W2031420971', 'https://openalex.org/W2034616600', 'https://openalex.org/W2041517581', 'https://openalex.org/W2041636463', 'https://openalex.org/W2041870189', 'https://openalex.org/W2043023393', 'https://openalex.org/W2043304167', 'https://openalex.org/W2044794349', 'https://openalex.org/W2044903986', 'https://openalex.org/W2045106645', 'https://openalex.org/W2045559197', 'https://openalex.org/W2047276981', 'https://openalex.org/W2050307916', 'https://openalex.org/W2054140181', 'https://openalex.org/W2059696121', 'https://openalex.org/W2063304314', 'https://openalex.org/W2063956314', 'https://openalex.org/W2064228662', 'https://openalex.org/W2064819970', 'https://openalex.org/W2069726112', 'https://openalex.org/W2071894516', 'https://openalex.org/W2073439757', 'https://openalex.org/W2077863403', 'https://openalex.org/W2079850562', 'https://openalex.org/W2080627364', 'https://openalex.org/W2084981497', 'https://openalex.org/W2085499708', 'https://openalex.org/W2086092472', 'https://openalex.org/W2094262202', 'https://openalex.org/W2097876593', 'https://openalex.org/W2098205520', 'https://openalex.org/W2100073297', 'https://openalex.org/W2104154679', 'https://openalex.org/W2104221133', 'https://openalex.org/W2106378868', 'https://openalex.org/W2106533195', 'https://openalex.org/W2119692843', 'https://openalex.org/W2123039682', 'https://openalex.org/W2123044891', 'https://openalex.org/W2132101051', 'https://openalex.org/W2138141675', 'https://openalex.org/W2144733364', 'https://openalex.org/W2145617208', 'https://openalex.org/W2148737442', 'https://openalex.org/W2150287384', 'https://openalex.org/W2150860865', 'https://openalex.org/W2155219251', 'https://openalex.org/W2160275284', 'https://openalex.org/W2166173762', 'https://openalex.org/W2207973369', 'https://openalex.org/W2225281217', 'https://openalex.org/W2250024711', 'https://openalex.org/W2278906985', 'https://openalex.org/W2286448385', 'https://openalex.org/W2318093414', 'https://openalex.org/W2326973281', 'https://openalex.org/W2335171656', 'https://openalex.org/W2336560014', 'https://openalex.org/W2336618091', 'https://openalex.org/W2344462922', 'https://openalex.org/W2379850100', 'https://openalex.org/W2399800494', 'https://openalex.org/W2406432434', 'https://openalex.org/W24068963', 'https://openalex.org/W2412149757', 'https://openalex.org/W2473736632', 'https://openalex.org/W2512248298', 'https://openalex.org/W2513407075', 'https://openalex.org/W2516468195', 'https://openalex.org/W2518174018', 'https://openalex.org/W2534791532', 'https://openalex.org/W2543278676', 'https://openalex.org/W2562879888', 'https://openalex.org/W2565913681', 'https://openalex.org/W2587581450', 'https://openalex.org/W2602684234', 'https://openalex.org/W2606945370', 'https://openalex.org/W2608473018', 'https://openalex.org/W262566139', 'https://openalex.org/W2711033291', 'https://openalex.org/W2725651875', 'https://openalex.org/W2731963630', 'https://openalex.org/W2735723920', 'https://openalex.org/W2736082785', 'https://openalex.org/W2740731704', 'https://openalex.org/W2740839736', 'https://openalex.org/W2748536775', 'https://openalex.org/W2763621392', 'https://openalex.org/W2765719944', 'https://openalex.org/W2765880358', 'https://openalex.org/W2769531387', 'https://openalex.org/W2778783953', 'https://openalex.org/W2779102422', 'https://openalex.org/W2783702966', 'https://openalex.org/W2787709299', 'https://openalex.org/W2793097083', 'https://openalex.org/W2793322717', 'https://openalex.org/W2795425310', 'https://openalex.org/W2795830921', 'https://openalex.org/W2796195170', 'https://openalex.org/W2796866823', 'https://openalex.org/W2799854078', 'https://openalex.org/W2805168616', 'https://openalex.org/W2805429136', 'https://openalex.org/W2885169448', 'https://openalex.org/W2888979662', 'https://openalex.org/W2890167612', 'https://openalex.org/W2890277679', 'https://openalex.org/W2895497426', 'https://openalex.org/W2899229267', 'https://openalex.org/W2902280492', 'https://openalex.org/W2903899730', 'https://openalex.org/W2904389476', 'https://openalex.org/W2907560617', 'https://openalex.org/W2911139869', 'https://openalex.org/W2911304552', 'https://openalex.org/W2914729768', 'https://openalex.org/W2917304984', 'https://openalex.org/W2920451609', 'https://openalex.org/W2921646015', 'https://openalex.org/W2922097899', 'https://openalex.org/W2941309557', 'https://openalex.org/W2943436888', 'https://openalex.org/W2945948720', 'https://openalex.org/W2946321682', 'https://openalex.org/W2952233665', 'https://openalex.org/W2952759529', 'https://openalex.org/W2958943445', 'https://openalex.org/W2960366584', 'https://openalex.org/W2965235115', 'https://openalex.org/W2968659686', 'https://openalex.org/W2970329262', 'https://openalex.org/W2972325378', 'https://openalex.org/W2977444626', 'https://openalex.org/W2977676865', 'https://openalex.org/W2979330021', 'https://openalex.org/W2981443459', 'https://openalex.org/W2989785195', 'https://openalex.org/W2990262849', 'https://openalex.org/W2990337693', 'https://openalex.org/W3000610875', 'https://openalex.org/W3000834295', 'https://openalex.org/W3001118548', 'https://openalex.org/W3001638293', 'https://openalex.org/W3005439382', 'https://openalex.org/W3006191925', 'https://openalex.org/W3006645647', 'https://openalex.org/W3007223608', 'https://openalex.org/W3007886991', 'https://openalex.org/W3007940623', 'https://openalex.org/W3008394341', 'https://openalex.org/W3008627124', 'https://openalex.org/W3009335299', 'https://openalex.org/W3009656185', 'https://openalex.org/W3009887913', 'https://openalex.org/W3010126769', 'https://openalex.org/W3010659930', 'https://openalex.org/W3010699833', 'https://openalex.org/W3010785824', 'https://openalex.org/W3011176674', 'https://openalex.org/W3012115598', 'https://openalex.org/W3012309902', 'https://openalex.org/W3012310159', 'https://openalex.org/W3012405893', 'https://openalex.org/W3012655019', 'https://openalex.org/W3012847108', 'https://openalex.org/W3012991084', 'https://openalex.org/W3013008917', 'https://openalex.org/W3013058647', 'https://openalex.org/W3013272913', 'https://openalex.org/W3013660050', 'https://openalex.org/W3013893137', 'https://openalex.org/W3013933578', 'https://openalex.org/W3014023397', 'https://openalex.org/W3014333693', 'https://openalex.org/W3014504912', 'https://openalex.org/W3014648682', 'https://openalex.org/W3014912119', 'https://openalex.org/W3014941429', 'https://openalex.org/W3015313862', 'https://openalex.org/W3015494993', 'https://openalex.org/W3015500613', 'https://openalex.org/W3015668135', 'https://openalex.org/W3015705209', 'https://openalex.org/W3016075808', 'https://openalex.org/W3016313172', 'https://openalex.org/W3016955027', 'https://openalex.org/W3017258575', 'https://openalex.org/W3017331996', 'https://openalex.org/W3017685947', 'https://openalex.org/W3017745807', 'https://openalex.org/W3018346628', 'https://openalex.org/W3018360824', 'https://openalex.org/W3018363786', 'https://openalex.org/W3018463525', 'https://openalex.org/W3018517500', 'https://openalex.org/W3019663170', 'https://openalex.org/W3019773443', 'https://openalex.org/W3020848235', 'https://openalex.org/W3021161367', 'https://openalex.org/W3021507110', 'https://openalex.org/W3021816206', 'https://openalex.org/W3022149340', 'https://openalex.org/W3022373008', 'https://openalex.org/W3022724310', 'https://openalex.org/W3023066564', 'https://openalex.org/W3023942878', 'https://openalex.org/W3024506007', 'https://openalex.org/W3025200871', 'https://openalex.org/W3025535414', 'https://openalex.org/W3026748694', 'https://openalex.org/W3027527340', 'https://openalex.org/W3027630905', 'https://openalex.org/W3028659908', 'https://openalex.org/W3029678269', 'https://openalex.org/W3030537287', 'https://openalex.org/W3031272153', 'https://openalex.org/W3033201346', 'https://openalex.org/W3033639218', 'https://openalex.org/W3034081206', 'https://openalex.org/W3034508330', 'https://openalex.org/W3034510846', 'https://openalex.org/W3034560014', 'https://openalex.org/W3035539078', 'https://openalex.org/W3036311976', 'https://openalex.org/W3036479810', 'https://openalex.org/W3036813802', 'https://openalex.org/W3037187148', 'https://openalex.org/W3038261609', 'https://openalex.org/W3038406722', 'https://openalex.org/W3038607673', 'https://openalex.org/W3041020894', 'https://openalex.org/W3041042540', 'https://openalex.org/W3041178593', 'https://openalex.org/W3042115625', 'https://openalex.org/W3042581126', 'https://openalex.org/W3043002108', 'https://openalex.org/W3043374250', 'https://openalex.org/W3044136940', 'https://openalex.org/W3047569909', 'https://openalex.org/W3048652302', 'https://openalex.org/W3048754265', 'https://openalex.org/W3048838416', 'https://openalex.org/W3080299058', 'https://openalex.org/W3081406209', 'https://openalex.org/W3081617673', 'https://openalex.org/W3081638099', 'https://openalex.org/W3087681989', 'https://openalex.org/W3092400398', 'https://openalex.org/W4206170622', 'https://openalex.org/W4211250103', 'https://openalex.org/W4360604000', 'https://openalex.org/W92409275'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4377107330', 'https://openalex.org/W4366721369', 'https://openalex.org/W3138289793', 'https://openalex.org/W3126369458', 'https://openalex.org/W3047950519', 'https://openalex.org/W3046089062', 'https://openalex.org/W3023213585', 'https://openalex.org/W3002812395', 'https://openalex.org/W2895282589', 'https://openalex.org/W2566737253'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Severe': [1], 'acute': [2], 'respiratory': [3, 34], 'syndrome': [4, 35], 'coronavirus': [5, 14, 36], '2': [6], '(SARS-CoV-2)': [7], 'has': [8, 45, 90], 'caused': [9], 'the': [10, 24, 42, 63, 137, 163, 183, 195, 210], 'recent': [11], 'outbreak': [12], 'of': [13, 26, 117, 140, 165, 185, 201, 209, 213, 245], '2019': [15], '(COVID-19).': [16], 'Although': [17], 'nearly': [18], 'two': [19], 'decades': [20], 'have': [21], 'passed': [22], 'since': [23], 'emergence': [25], 'pandemics': [27], 'such': [28, 147, 167], 'as': [29, 148, 154, 168], 'SARS-CoV': [30], 'and': [31, 84, 100, 106, 122, 143, 171, 176, 181, 199, 221, 242], 'Middle': [32], 'East': [33], '(MERS-CoV),': [37], 'no': [38], 'effective': [39], 'drug': [40, 98, 179, 187], 'against': [41], 'CoV': [43], 'family': [44], 'yet': [46], 'been': [47], 'approved,': [48], 'so': [49], 'there': [50], 'is': [51, 65], 'a': [52], 'need': [53], 'to': [54, 68, 79, 125, 156, 229], 'find': [55], 'newer': [56], 'therapeutic': [57], 'targets.': [58], 'Currently,': [59], 'simultaneous': [60], 'research': [61, 123], 'across': [62], 'globe': [64], 'being': [66], 'performed': [67], 'discover': [69], 'efficient': [70], 'vaccines': [71], 'or': [72], 'drugs,': [73], 'including': [74], 'both': [75], 'conventional': [76], 'therapies': [77, 86], 'used': [78, 153], 'treat': [80], 'previous': [81], 'similar': [82, 236], 'diseases': [83], 'emerging': [85], 'like': [87], 'nanomedicine.': [88], 'Nanomedicine': [89, 105], 'already': [91], 'proven': [92], 'its': [93, 96, 107, 214], 'value': [94], 'through': [95], 'application': [97], 'delivery': [99], 'nanosensors': [101], 'in': [102, 114], 'other': [103], 'diseases.': [104], 'components': [108], 'can': [109, 130, 151, 193], 'play': [110], 'an': [111], 'important': [112], 'role': [113], 'various': [115], 'stages': [116], 'prevention,': [118], 'diagnosis,': [119], 'treatment,': [120], 'vaccination,': [121], 'related': [124, 239], 'COVID-19.': [126, 158, 202], 'Nano-based': [127], 'antimicrobial': [128], 'technology': [129], 'be': [131, 152, 218], 'integrated': [132], 'into': [133], 'personal': [134], 'equipment': [135], 'for': [136, 178, 191, 233, 238], 'greater': [138], 'safety': [139], 'healthcare': [141], 'workers': [142], 'people.': [144], 'Various': [145], 'nanomaterials': [146], 'quantum': [149], 'dots': [150], 'biosensors': [155], 'diagnose': [157], 'Nanotechnology': [159], 'offers': [160], 'benefits': [161], 'from': [162], 'use': [164, 215], 'nanosystems,': [166], 'liposomes,': [169], 'polymeric': [170], 'lipid': [172], 'nanoparticles,': [173, 175], 'metallic': [174], 'micelles,': [177], 'encapsulation,': [180], 'facilitates': [182], 'improvement': [184], 'pharmacological': [186], 'properties.': [188], 'Antiviral': [189], 'functions': [190], 'nanoparticles': [192, 206], 'target': [194], 'binding,': [196], 'entry,': [197], 'replication,': [198], 'budding': [200], 'The': [203], 'toxicity-related': [204], 'inorganic': [205], 'are': [207, 227], 'one': [208], 'limiting': [211], 'factors': [212], 'that': [216], 'should': [217], 'further': [219], 'investigated': [220], 'modified.': [222], 'In': [223], 'this': [224], 'review,': [225], 'we': [226], 'going': [228], 'discuss': [230], 'nanomedicine': [231], 'options': [232], 'COVID-19': [234], 'management,': [235], 'applications': [237], 'viral': [240], 'diseases,': [241], 'their': [243], 'gap': [244], 'knowledge.': [246]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3133359490', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 36}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 30}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-17T19:43:00.939247', 'created_date': '2021-03-01'}