Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3128632047', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1821', 'title': 'A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Electronic Apex Locator, Digital Radiography, and Conventional Radiographic Method for Root Canal Working Length Determination in Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study', 'display_name': 'A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Electronic Apex Locator, Digital Radiography, and Conventional Radiographic Method for Root Canal Working Length Determination in Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3128632047', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1821', 'mag': '3128632047', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33623342', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7887167'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1821', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S74028960', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry', 'issn_l': '0974-7052', 'issn': ['0974-7052', '0975-1904'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1821', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006675124', 'display_name': 'Ritika Malhotra', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-4063'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ritika Malhotra', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080573228', 'display_name': 'Dipanshu Kumar', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1346-8505'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dipanshu Kumar', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086962562', 'display_name': 'Kapil Gandhi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-2262'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Kapil Gandhi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037962127', 'display_name': 'Geetika Datta', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Geetika Datta', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5079256759', 'display_name': 'Rishabh Kapoor', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7075-6853'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rishabh Kapoor', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072781186', 'display_name': 'Anchal Sahni', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anchal Sahni', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5086962562'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.965, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.732402, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 81, 'max': 82}, 'biblio': {'volume': '13', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '523', 'last_page': '528'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10536', 'display_name': 'Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments', 'score': 0.9943, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10536', 'display_name': 'Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments', 'score': 0.9943, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11363', 'display_name': 'Dental Radiography and Imaging', 'score': 0.9898, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12439', 'display_name': 'Dental Research and COVID-19', 'score': 0.9502, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3500', 'display_name': 'General Dentistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-radiography', 'display_name': 'Digital radiography', 'score': 0.6582478}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pulpectomy', 'display_name': 'Pulpectomy', 'score': 0.5950144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/conventional-radiography', 'display_name': 'Conventional radiography', 'score': 0.4847302}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C36454342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341', 'display_name': 'Radiography', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.84498596}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8120823}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779747767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848390', 'display_name': 'Root canal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70348084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781305912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225030', 'display_name': 'Digital radiography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6582478}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199343813', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128', 'display_name': 'Dentistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.64718306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2910719800', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905815', 'display_name': 'Pulpectomy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5950144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3019088015', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4393281', 'display_name': 'Conventional radiography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4847302}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29694066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301', 'display_name': 'Orthodontics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44207025}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778703501', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7824277', 'display_name': 'Root resorption', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42953008}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2989005', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963', 'display_name': 'Nuclear medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32889098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126838900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19889528}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146562846', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96649518', 'display_name': 'Resorption', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12925658}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08916333}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1821', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S74028960', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry', 'issn_l': '0974-7052', 'issn': ['0974-7052', '0975-1904'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7887167', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33623342', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1821', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S74028960', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry', 'issn_l': '0974-7052', 'issn': ['0974-7052', '0975-1904'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 23, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1485013202', 'https://openalex.org/W1963823190', 'https://openalex.org/W1973732383', 'https://openalex.org/W1976249596', 'https://openalex.org/W1984133595', 'https://openalex.org/W2005823324', 'https://openalex.org/W2009710250', 'https://openalex.org/W2029127472', 'https://openalex.org/W2035136598', 'https://openalex.org/W2053449756', 'https://openalex.org/W2058606646', 'https://openalex.org/W2069422534', 'https://openalex.org/W2081720695', 'https://openalex.org/W2083046398', 'https://openalex.org/W2089246159', 'https://openalex.org/W2093118691', 'https://openalex.org/W2125453669', 'https://openalex.org/W2126959216', 'https://openalex.org/W2148789160', 'https://openalex.org/W2161320517', 'https://openalex.org/W2269107863', 'https://openalex.org/W2412799626', 'https://openalex.org/W2419319896'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4214938024', 'https://openalex.org/W3108295306', 'https://openalex.org/W2729290786', 'https://openalex.org/W2491465186', 'https://openalex.org/W2372055792', 'https://openalex.org/W2369248562', 'https://openalex.org/W2127682249', 'https://openalex.org/W2087818667', 'https://openalex.org/W2042149528', 'https://openalex.org/W1982291568'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Pulpectomy': [0], 'in': [1, 12, 74, 81, 178, 189, 223], 'the': [2, 27, 32, 42, 47, 58, 71, 75, 166], 'primary': [3, 83, 87, 180, 193], 'tooth': [4], 'has': [5], 'unique': [6], 'challenges': [7], 'due': [8], 'to': [9, 30, 41, 116, 140, 154, 171], 'morphological': [10], 'variations': [11], 'root': [13, 17, 76], 'pattern': [14], 'and': [15, 56, 66, 100, 104, 124, 130, 175, 182, 213], 'physiological': [16], 'resorption.': [18], 'The': [19, 49, 142], 'electronic': [20, 167], 'apex': [21], 'locator': [22], '(EAL)': [23], 'is': [24], 'one': [25], 'of': [26, 34, 60, 73, 112, 145, 192, 205, 207], 'recent': [28], 'methods': [29, 133], 'determine': [31], 'estimation': [33, 72, 93], 'working': [35, 78, 162], 'length': [36, 79, 92, 163], 'without': [37], 'much': [38], 'radiation': [39], 'exposure': [40], 'patient': [43], 'as': [44, 46, 138], 'well': [45], 'operator.': [48], 'present': [50], 'study': [51], 'was': [52, 94, 114, 152, 169], 'undertaken': [53], 'for': [54, 70, 186, 217], 'evaluating': [55], 'comparing': [57], 'efficacy': [59, 144], 'EAL,': [61, 98], 'conventional': [62, 125], 'radiography,': [63, 65], 'digital': [64, 101, 121, 131], 'actual': [67, 109], 'visual': [68, 110, 150], 'method': [69, 151, 168], 'canal': [77, 161], '(RCL)': [80], 'extracted': [82], 'teeth.Ninety': [84], 'extracted,': [85], 'single-rooted': [86, 179], 'teeth': [88, 181], 'were': [89], 'selected.': [90], 'Working': [91, 220], 'done': [95], 'with': [96, 107, 148], 'an': [97, 108, 146, 173], 'conventional,': [99], 'radiographic': [102, 132], 'method,': [103], 'compared': [105, 139], 'it': [106], 'method.Accuracy': [111], 'EAL': [113, 129, 147], 'observed': [115], 'be': [117, 155, 172, 184], '99.7%': [118], 'followed': [119], 'by': [120], 'radiograph': [122, 126], '(98.1%)': [123], '(96.1%).': [127], 'Both': [128], 'showed': [134], 'a': [135, 149], 'high': [136], 'correlation': [137], 'conventional.': [141], 'comparative': [143], 'found': [153, 170], 'statistically': [156], 'non-significant': [157], '(p': [158], '>': [159], '0.005).Root': [160], 'determined': [164], 'through': [165], 'accurate': [174], 'effective': [176], 'tool': [177], 'can': [183], 'indicated': [185], 'clinical': [187], 'implementation': [188], 'endodontic': [190], 'treatment': [191], 'teeth.Sahni': [194], 'A,': [195], 'Kapoor': [196], 'R,': [197], 'Gandhi': [198], 'K,': [199], 'et': [200], 'al.': [201], 'A': [202], 'Comparative': [203], 'Evaluation': [204], 'Efficacy': [206], 'Electronic': [208], 'Apex': [209], 'Locator,': [210], 'Digital': [211], 'Radiography,': [212], 'Conventional': [214], 'Radiographic': [215], 'Method': [216], 'Root': [218], 'Canal': [219], 'Length': [221], 'Determination': [222], 'Primary': [224], 'Teeth:': [225], 'An': [226], 'In': [227], 'Vitro': [228], 'Study.': [229], 'Int': [230], 'J': [231], 'Clin': [232], 'Pediatr': [233], 'Dent': [234], '2020;13(5):523-528.': [235]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3128632047', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T02:34:39.670569', 'created_date': '2021-02-15'}