Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3128063931', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.027', 'title': 'Protecting healthcare workers in conflict zones during the COVID-19 pandemic: Northwest Syria', 'display_name': 'Protecting healthcare workers in conflict zones during the COVID-19 pandemic: Northwest Syria', 'publication_year': 2021, 'publication_date': '2021-02-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3128063931', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.027', 'mag': '3128063931', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33545168', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7857032'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.027', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163445321000463/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S19579164', 'display_name': 'Journal of Infection', 'issn_l': '0163-4453', 'issn': ['0163-4453', '1532-2742'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'letter', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163445321000463/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043095495', 'display_name': 'Naser Almhawish', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3010-2588'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Naser Almhawish', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Assistance Coordination Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Assistance Coordination Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044456520', 'display_name': 'Nabil Karah', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8867-658X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90267481', 'display_name': 'Umeå University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05kb8h459', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90267481']}], 'countries': ['SE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nabil Karah', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Umea University, Sweden'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Umea University, Sweden', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90267481']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020385972', 'display_name': 'Yasir Elferruh', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yasir Elferruh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Assistance Coordination Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Assistance Coordination Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072491288', 'display_name': 'Aya Aksh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-3681'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['TR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Aya Aksh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Assistance Coordination Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Assistance Coordination Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050295216', 'display_name': 'Aula Abbara', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-8399'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120729', 'display_name': "St Mary's Hospital", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jv2qv86', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120729', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127145']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Aula Abbara', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Department of Infection, Imperial College, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom", 'Syria Public Health Network, London, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Syria Public Health Network, London, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "Department of Infection, Imperial College, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120729']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5050295216'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120729'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 4000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 7, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.857376, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 83, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': '82', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '186', 'last_page': '230'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14090', 'display_name': 'Health and Conflict Studies', 'score': 0.9891, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14090', 'display_name': 'Health and Conflict Studies', 'score': 0.9891, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10762', 'display_name': 'Migration, Health and Trauma', 'score': 0.9563, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3203', 'display_name': 'Clinical Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13055', 'display_name': 'Global Security and Public Health', 'score': 0.9016, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/seroprevalence', 'display_name': 'Seroprevalence', 'score': 0.5073585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic', 'display_name': 'Pandemic', 'score': 0.48631772}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/neglected-tropical-diseases', 'display_name': 'Neglected Tropical Diseases', 'score': 0.44020605}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83867959', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467', 'display_name': 'Scopus', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6435715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160735492', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207', 'display_name': 'Health care', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6032397}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780151969', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949149', 'display_name': 'Sanitation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5606307}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C547646559', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162297', 'display_name': 'Hygiene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5483003}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778494684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511357', 'display_name': 'Seroprevalence', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5073585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89623803', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184', 'display_name': 'Pandemic', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.48631772}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.47028732}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776246342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929451', 'display_name': 'Neglected tropical diseases', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44020605}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45355965', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441', 'display_name': 'Socioeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42026776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3008058167', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196', 'display_name': 'Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.35813582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32795516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138816342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603', 'display_name': 'Public health', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2996695}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.24766514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159110408', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176', 'display_name': 'Nursing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16888332}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14301112}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779473830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899', 'display_name': 'MEDLINE', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12661397}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09838569}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159654299', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460', 'display_name': 'Antibody', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45189115', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159', 'display_name': 'Serology', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C524204448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926', 'display_name': 'Infectious disease (medical specialty)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.027', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163445321000463/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S19579164', 'display_name': 'Journal of Infection', 'issn_l': '0163-4453', 'issn': ['0163-4453', '1532-2742'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7857032', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33545168', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.027', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163445321000463/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S19579164', 'display_name': 'Journal of Infection', 'issn_l': '0163-4453', 'issn': ['0163-4453', '1532-2742'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320320283', 'funder_display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'award_id': None}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 5, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2397415882', 'https://openalex.org/W2600570599', 'https://openalex.org/W3021131255', 'https://openalex.org/W3042045804', 'https://openalex.org/W3109983217'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4400854546', 'https://openalex.org/W3045925867', 'https://openalex.org/W2954943696', 'https://openalex.org/W2773928185', 'https://openalex.org/W2467498201', 'https://openalex.org/W2270747025', 'https://openalex.org/W2164517582', 'https://openalex.org/W2128068493', 'https://openalex.org/W2057786817', 'https://openalex.org/W1585991755'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'•In': [0], 'northwest': [1], 'Syria,': [2, 35], 'healthcare': [3, 32, 80, 218, 221, 305, 758, 785, 820, 917, 932, 974, 1048, 1066, 1132, 1213, 1224], 'workers': [4, 33, 54, 81, 222, 232, 259, 306, 821, 918, 933, 1049, 1067, 1214, 1225], 'account': [5], 'for': [6, 244, 334, 507, 522, 543, 717, 852, 1237], '13%': [7, 795], 'of': [8, 31, 58, 110, 190, 225, 236, 249, 267, 297, 303, 362, 377, 412, 456, 539, 546, 552, 593, 614, 645, 719, 724, 747, 757, 772, 781, 788, 799, 804, 830, 872, 874, 883, 899, 910, 950, 972, 1058, 1065, 1107, 1110, 1123, 1144, 1175, 1179, 1186, 1203, 1210, 1218, 1229], 'confirmed': [9, 557, 705, 753, 1155], 'COVID-19': [10, 59, 298, 404, 422, 553, 853, 875, 1211], 'cases.•Surveillance': [11], 'systems': [12, 183, 333, 449], 'e.g.': [13, 36], 'EWARN': [14, 356, 514], 'are': [15, 124, 329, 834, 1114, 1231], 'key': [16, 27], 'to': [17, 28, 169, 264, 293, 429, 733, 744, 775, 794, 857, 903, 1074, 1084, 1126, 1189, 1194, 1222, 1241], 'outbreak': [18], 'identification': [19], 'and': [20, 55, 82, 112, 115, 127, 142, 172, 175, 181, 220, 233, 281, 287, 300, 320, 344, 355, 372, 379, 421, 435, 447, 488, 519, 541, 650, 682, 707, 792, 815, 824, 848, 889, 893, 921, 942, 952, 977, 1134, 1141, 1160, 1191, 1243], 'response.•Understanding': [21], 'SARS-CoV-2': [22, 50, 76, 544], 'dynamics': [23], 'in': [24, 34, 63, 79, 131, 159, 162, 223, 239, 307, 324, 337, 359, 374, 382, 510, 517, 554, 558, 562, 607, 666, 685, 698, 700, 709, 731, 869, 876, 934, 938, 979, 988, 1006, 1040, 1078, 1088, 1093, 1102, 1130, 1157, 1215, 1247], 'conflict': [25, 211, 268, 378, 951], 'is': [26, 39, 292, 1071, 1119, 1138, 1217], 'mitigating': [29], 'spread.•Protection': [30], 'vaccine': [37], 'prioritization': [38, 1236], 'important.': [40], 'We': [41, 310, 906], 'read': [42], 'with': [43, 137, 145, 166, 212, 339, 409, 642, 678, 703, 712, 752, 839, 926, 1016], 'interest': [44], 'Jones': [45], 'et': [46, 178, 230, 368, 444], "al's": [47], 'correspondence': [48], 'on': [49, 139, 150, 215, 252, 269, 569, 916, 984, 1002], 'seroprevalence': [51, 78], 'among': [52, 61, 579, 620, 634, 750, 784, 813, 817, 1047, 1068, 1212], 'health': [53, 182, 237, 271, 437, 448, 944, 1004, 1036, 1196, 1248], 'share': [56], 'experiences': [57], 'cases': [60, 299, 608, 619, 631, 646, 659, 681, 687, 706, 720, 727, 751, 763, 783, 812, 873, 886, 901, 1070, 1099, 1113, 1156, 1176, 1187], 'health-workers': [62], 'Northwest': [64, 308], 'Syria': [65, 338], '(NWS).1Jones': [66], 'C.R.': [67], 'Hamilton': [68], 'F.W.': [69], 'Thompson': [70], 'A.': [71, 177, 443], 'Morris': [72], 'T.T.': [73], 'Moran': [74], 'E.': [75], 'IgG': [77], 'other': [83, 152, 1079], 'staff': [84, 583, 894], 'at': [85, 439, 536, 1019], 'North': [86], 'Bristol': [87], 'NHS': [88], 'Trust:': [89], 'a': [90, 241, 559, 575, 604, 908, 927, 948, 982, 1121, 1142, 1201], 'sociodemographic': [91], 'analysis.J': [92], 'Infect.': [93], '2020;': [94, 195, 461, 572, 993], '(0)Abstract': [95], 'Full': [96, 98, 197, 199, 389, 391, 463, 465], 'Text': [97, 99, 198, 200, 390, 392, 464, 466], 'PDF': [100, 201, 393, 467], 'Scopus': [101, 202, 395, 468, 996], '(12)': [102], 'Google': [103, 204, 397, 470, 998], 'Scholar': [104, 205, 257, 398, 471, 999, 1044], 'This': [105, 206, 1137], 'geographical': [106], 'area': [107, 207, 936], 'includes': [108], 'parts': [109], 'Aleppo': [111, 667, 710], 'Idleb': [113, 511, 676, 701], 'governorates': [114], 'shelters': [116], '4.17': [117], 'million': [118, 123, 129], 'civilians': [119], '(of': [120], 'whom': [121], '2.6': [122], 'internally': [125], 'displaced': [126], '1.4': [128], 'reside': [130], 'camps).': [132], 'It': [133], 'shares': [134], 'closed': [135, 143], 'borders': [136], 'Turkey': [138], 'one': [140], 'side': [141], 'lines': [144], 'areas': [146, 349, 360, 987, 1007], 'under': [147, 350, 777, 1008], 'government': [148, 351, 363, 1009], 'control': [149, 282, 352, 364, 373, 1010], 'the': [151, 188, 234, 265, 270, 295, 301, 316, 340, 375, 402, 410, 440, 454, 477, 498, 537, 591, 610, 654, 672, 686, 725, 761, 769, 870, 897, 914, 1003, 1055, 1089, 1094, 1103, 1108, 1116, 1153, 1168, 1172, 1180], 'side.': [153], '(See': [154, 625], 'Fig.': [155, 626], '1)': [156], 'Most': [157], 'people': [158], 'NWS': [160, 403, 555, 877, 1216], 'live': [161], 'overcrowded,': [163], 'unhygienic': [164], 'conditions': [165], 'poor': [167, 278, 1124, 1128], 'access': [168, 1083, 1125, 1240], 'water,': [170], 'sanitation': [171], 'hygiene': [173], '(WASH)': [174], 'healthcare.2Abbara': [176], 'al.Coronavirus': [179, 445], '2019': [180, 446], 'affected': [184, 450], 'by': [185, 315, 451, 496], 'protracted': [186, 210, 452, 980, 1204], 'conflict:': [187, 453, 981], 'case': [189, 455, 474, 478, 551], 'Syria.Int': [191, 383, 457], 'J': [192, 384, 458], 'Infect': [193, 385, 459], 'Dis.': [194, 386, 460], 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.003Abstract': [196, 462], '(35)': [203, 469], 'has': [208, 526, 602, 923, 1030], 'seen': [209], 'recurrent': [213], 'attacks': [214], 'WASH': [216], 'infrastructure,': [217], 'facilities': [219], 'contravention': [224], 'International': [226], 'Humanitarian': [227], 'Law.3Fouad': [228], 'F.M.': [229], 'al.Health': [231], 'weaponisation': [235], 'care': [238, 846], 'Syria:': [240, 1035], 'preliminary': [242], 'inquiry': [243], 'The': [245, 549, 755, 867, 1000, 1062, 1207], 'Lancet': [246], '–American': [247], 'University': [248], 'Beirut': [250], 'Commission': [251], 'Syria.Lancet.': [253], '2017;': [254], '6736:': [255], '1-11Google': [256], 'Healthcare': [258], 'face': [260, 953], 'numerous': [261], 'challenges': [262], 'relating': [263], 'effects': [266, 1001], 'system,': [272], 'inadequate': [273], 'personal': [274], 'protective': [275], 'equipment': [276], '(PPE,)': [277], 'infection': [279, 1230], 'prevention': [280], '(IPC)': [283], 'practices,': [284], 'insufficient': [285], 'resources': [286], 'severe': [288, 735], 'under-staffing.': [289], 'Our': [290], 'aim': [291, 411], 'identify': [294], 'trajectory': [296], 'proportion': [302, 929], 'infected': [304], 'Syria.': [309], 'retrospectively': [311], 'reviewed': [312], 'data': [313, 489, 521], 'collected': [314, 491, 506, 528], 'Early': [317, 341], 'Warning,': [318, 342], 'Alert': [319, 343], 'Response': [321, 345], 'Network': [322], '(EWARN)': [323], 'NWS.': [325], 'At': [326], 'present,': [327], 'there': [328, 601, 808, 833, 1096], 'two': [330], 'parallel': [331], 'surveillance': [332, 371, 484], 'infectious': [335], 'diseases': [336], 'System': [346], '(EWARS)': [347], 'covering': [348], 'since': [353, 365, 529], '2012,': [354], 'predominantly': [357], 'operating': [358], 'outside': [361], '2013.4Ismail': [366], 'S.A.': [367], 'al.Communicable': [369], 'disease': [370], 'context': [376], 'mass': [380], 'displacement': [381], '2016;': [387], '47Abstract': [388], 'PubMed': [394, 995], '(61)': [396], 'In': [399, 855], 'March': [400, 547], '2020,': [401, 540, 595, 885, 1112], 'Task': [405], 'Force': [406], 'was': [407, 486, 505, 515, 556, 577, 878], 'established': [408, 516], 'addressing': [413], 'lab': [414], 'testing,': [415, 1085, 1127], 'contact': [416], 'tracing,': [417], 'establishing': [418], 'isolation': [419], 'centres': [420, 861], 'treatment': [423, 860], 'centres,': [424], 'as': [425, 427, 545, 787, 798, 882, 1077, 1106], 'well': [426], 'measures': [428], 'interrupt': [430], 'transmission': [431, 774], '(lockdown,': [432], 'self-isolation,': [433], 'quarantine,': [434], 'public': [436], 'education)': [438], 'community': [441, 586, 597, 773, 859, 1162], 'level.2Abbara': [442], 'Each': [472], 'suspected': [473], 'which': [475], 'met': [476], 'definition': [479], '(adapted': [480], 'from': [481, 662, 689, 765, 1226], "WHO's": [482], 'global': [483], 'guidelines)': [485], 'investigated': [487], 'were': [490, 632, 660, 693, 696, 1097, 1165], 'via': [492], 'Excel': [493], 'forms': [494], 'then': [495], 'using': [497], 'Go.Data': [499], 'application': [500], '(https://www.who.int/godata).': [501], 'A': [502], 'nasopharyngeal': [503], 'swab': [504], 'rt-PCR': [508], 'testing': [509, 532, 542], 'city.': [512], 'Although': [513], 'mid-2013': [518], 'aggregated': [520], 'acute': [523], 'respiratory': [524], 'illnesses': [525], 'been': [527, 603, 739, 810, 924, 1012, 1031, 1052], 'then,': [530, 600], 'PCR': [531], 'only': [533], 'became': [534, 588], 'available': [535, 841, 844, 851], 'start': [538], '2020.': [548], 'first': [550, 1154], 'doctor': [560], 'working': [561], 'Bab': [563, 580, 664], 'Al': [564, 581, 663], 'Hawa': [565, 582], '(a': [566, 779], 'border-located': [567], 'hospital)': [568], '9th': [570], 'July': [571, 594], 'after': [573, 946, 1199], 'this,': [574], 'cluster': [576], 'noted': [578], 'before': [584], 'several': [585], 'clusters': [587], 'evident': [589], 'towards': [590, 675], 'end': [592, 1109], 'suggesting': [596], 'transmission.': [598], 'Since': [599], 'steady': [605], 'increase': [606, 684, 868, 1118], 'across': [609], 'region,': [611], 'reaching': [612], '(as': [613], '16th': [615, 800], 'January': [616, 801, 806, 831], '2021)': [617], '20,822': [618], '80,326': [621], 'tests': [622], '(26%': [623], 'positivity.)': [624], '2)': [627], 'Of': [628], 'these,': [629], 'more': [630, 1014, 1147, 1161], 'detected': [633, 688], 'males': [635], '(12,993,': [636], '62%)': [637], 'than': [638, 1100], 'females': [639], '(7829,': [640], '38%),': [641], '16,324': [643], '(78%)': [644], 'aged': [647], 'between': [648], '15': [649], '50': [651], 'years.': [652], 'After': [653], 'initial': [655], 'phase': [656], 'where': [657, 691], 'most': [658], 'reported': [661, 670, 680], 'city': [665, 677], 'governorate': [668, 702, 711], '(1505': [669], 'cases),': [671], 'trend': [673], 'shifted': [674], '4160': [679], 'an': [683, 939, 1184], 'districts': [690], 'camps': [692, 1104, 1169], 'concentrated.': [694], 'These': [695], 'mainly': [697], 'Dana': [699], '3111': [704], "A'zaz": [708], '1465': [713], 'cases.': [714, 736], 'Camps': [715], 'accounted': [716], '10%': [718], '(2176.)': [721], '5%': [722], '(1041)': [723], 'total': [726, 780], 'had': [728], 'moderate': [729], 'manifestations': [730], 'addition': [732, 856], '142': [734, 843], 'There': [737], 'have': [738, 809, 827, 890, 1011, 1023, 1050], '376': [740], '(1.8%)': [741], 'attributed': [742], 'fatalities': [743], 'date': [745], 'out': [746], '423': [748], 'deaths': [749], 'SARS-CoV-2.': [754], 'percentage': [756], 'providers': [759, 1133], 'amongst': [760], 'overall': [762], 'dropped': [764], 'almost': [766, 947, 1200], '25%': [767], 'during': [768], 'early': [770, 1087, 1092], 'stages': [771], 'just': [776], '16%': [778], '1837': [782], 'workers)': [786], '28th': [789], 'December': [790], '2020': [791], 'down': [793], '(2692': [796], 'cases)': [797], '2021.': [802], 'As': [803, 829, 912], '19th': [805], '2021,': [807, 832], '1076': [811], 'nurses': [814], '390': [816], 'physicians.': [818], '6': [819], '(5': [822], 'physicians': [823], '1': [825], 'nurse)': [826], 'died.': [828], '9': [835], 'hospitals': [836], '(8': [837], 'active),': [838, 863], '615': [840], 'beds,': [842], 'intensive': [845], 'beds': [847], '55': [849], 'ventilators': [850], 'patients.': [854], '36': [858], '(22': [862], 'including': [864, 1146], '960': [865], 'beds.': [866], 'numbers': [871], 'initially': [879], 'slow': [880, 1117], 'however': [881], 'mid-September': [884], 'increased': [887, 1075, 1227], 'rapidly': [888], 'overwhelmed': [891], 'hospital': [892], 'capacity': [895, 1198], 'though': [896], 'rate': [898], 'new': [900], 'appears': [902], 'be': [904], 'slowing.': [905], 'highlight': [907], 'number': [909, 1143, 1174], 'findings.': [911], 'elsewhere,': [913], 'impact': [915], 'both': [919], 'personally': [920], 'professionally': [922], 'grave': [925], 'large': [928], 'affected;': [930], 'however,': [931, 1027, 1105], 'this': [935], 'work': [937], 'already': [940], 'exhausted': [941], 'under-resourced': [943], 'system': [945, 1197], 'decade': [949, 1202], 'ongoing': [954], 'attacks.5Bdaiwi': [955], 'Yamama': [956], 'Rayes': [957], 'Diana': [958], 'Sabouni': [959], 'Ammar': [960], 'Murad': [961], 'Lina': [962], 'Fouad': [963, 964], 'Zakaria': [965], 'Waseem': [966], 'Hariri': [967], 'Mahmoud': [968], 'Ekzayez': [969], 'Abdelkarim': [970], 'Challenges': [971], 'providing': [973], 'worker': [975], 'education': [976], 'training': [978], 'focus': [983], 'non-government': [985], 'controlled': [986], 'north': [989], 'west': [990], 'Syria.Confl': [991], 'Health.': [992], '14Crossref': [994], '(23)': [997], 'workforce': [1005], 'even': [1013], 'stark': [1015], 'suggestions': [1017], 'that': [1018], 'least': [1020], '165': [1021], 'doctors': [1022], 'lost': [1024], 'their': [1025], 'lives,': [1026], 'official': [1028], 'confirmation': [1029], 'suppressed.6Human': [1032], 'rights': [1033], 'Watch.': [1034], 'Workers': [1037], 'Lack': [1038], 'Protection': [1039], 'Pandemic.': [1041], 'https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/09/02/syria-health-workers-lack-protection-pandemic': [1042], '(2020).Google': [1043], 'Seroprevalence': [1045], 'studies': [1046], 'not': [1051], 'performed': [1053], 'so': [1054], 'true': [1056], 'extent': [1057], 'exposure': [1059, 1076], 'remains': [1060], 'unknown.': [1061], 'high': [1063, 1208], 'representation': [1064], 'positive': [1069], 'likely': [1072, 1120, 1182], 'due': [1073, 1188, 1193], 'contexts': [1080], 'but': [1081], 'also': [1082], 'particularly': [1086], 'outbreak.': [1090], 'Secondly,': [1091], 'outbreak,': [1095], 'fewer': [1098], 'expected': [1101], 'October': [1111], 'increasing;': [1115], 'result': [1122], 'trust': [1129], 'local': [1131], 'restricted': [1135], 'movement.': [1136], 'being': [1139], 'addressed': [1140], 'activities': [1145, 1164], 'sampling': [1148], 'locations,': [1149], 'camp': [1150], 'screening': [1151], 'around': [1152], 'some': [1158], 'camps,': [1159], 'engagement': [1163], 'conducted': [1166], 'targeting': [1167], 'area.': [1170], 'Lastly,': [1171], 'declared': [1173], '(around': [1177], '0.5%': [1178], 'population)': [1181], 'represents': [1183], 'underestimate': [1185], 'under-testing': [1190], 'under-diagnosis': [1192], 'weakened': [1195], 'conflict.': [1205], 'Conclusions:': [1206], 'prevalence': [1209], 'major': [1219], 'concern.': [1220], 'Measures': [1221], 'protect': [1223], 'rates': [1228], 'urgently': [1232], 'required;': [1233], 'these': [1234], 'include': [1235], 'vaccination,': [1238], 'improved': [1239], 'PPE,': [1242], 'refining': [1244], 'IPC': [1245], 'precautions': [1246], 'facilities.': [1249]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3128063931', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-12T12:37:43.257928', 'created_date': '2021-02-15'}