Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3124205685', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00043', 'title': 'Temporary Jobs: Stepping Stones or Dead Ends?', 'display_name': 'Temporary Jobs: Stepping Stones or Dead Ends?', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3124205685', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00043', 'mag': '3124205685'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00043', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S45992627', 'display_name': 'The Economic Journal', 'issn_l': '0013-0133', 'issn': ['0013-0133', '1468-0297', '1742-0350'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.iza.org%2Fdp205.pdf;h=repec:iza:izadps:dp205', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5104091783', 'display_name': 'Alison L. Booth', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I110002522', 'display_name': 'University of Essex', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02nkf1q06', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I110002522']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I118347636', 'display_name': 'Australian National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/019wvm592', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118347636']}], 'countries': ['AU', 'GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alison L. Booth', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Australian National University and University of Essex'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Australian National University and University of Essex', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I110002522', 'https://openalex.org/I118347636']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023907117', 'display_name': 'Marco Francesconi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-7051'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I110002522', 'display_name': 'University of Essex', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02nkf1q06', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I110002522']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I118347636', 'display_name': 'Australian National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/019wvm592', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118347636']}], 'countries': ['AU', 'GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Marco Francesconi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Australian National University and University of Essex'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Australian National University and University of Essex', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I110002522', 'https://openalex.org/I118347636']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5061811112', 'display_name': 'Jeff Frank', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1955-7063'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I110002522', 'display_name': 'University of Essex', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02nkf1q06', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I110002522']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I118347636', 'display_name': 'Australian National University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/019wvm592', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118347636']}], 'countries': ['AU', 'GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jeff Frank', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Australian National University and University of Essex'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Australian National University and University of Essex', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I110002522', 'https://openalex.org/I118347636']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3099, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 3801, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 45.511, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 1125, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99996, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '112', 'issue': '480', 'first_page': 'F189', 'last_page': 'F213'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10208', 'display_name': 'Labor market dynamics and wage inequality', 'score': 0.9955, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10208', 'display_name': 'Labor market dynamics and wage inequality', 'score': 0.9955, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12851', 'display_name': 'Firm Innovation and Growth', 'score': 0.9871, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11631', 'display_name': 'Retirement, Disability, and Employment', 'score': 0.9856, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3317', 'display_name': 'Demography'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/stepping-stone', 'display_name': 'Stepping stone', 'score': 0.48689142}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3019463535', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7611136', 'display_name': 'Stepping stone', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.48689142}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655', 'display_name': 'Library science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42223522}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3884379}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12235299}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.07109779}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778126366', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171', 'display_name': 'Unemployment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00043', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S45992627', 'display_name': 'The Economic Journal', 'issn_l': '0013-0133', 'issn': ['0013-0133', '1468-0297', '1742-0350'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:iza:izadps:dp205', 'pdf_url': 'https://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.iza.org%2Fdp205.pdf;h=repec:iza:izadps:dp205', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/10419/21049', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/21049/1/dp205.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401696', 'display_name': 'Econstor (Econstor)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://www.laboratoriorevelli.it/_pdf/wp8.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.laboratoriorevelli.it/_pdf/wp8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:iza:izadps:dp205', 'pdf_url': 'https://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.iza.org%2Fdp205.pdf;h=repec:iza:izadps:dp205', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8', 'score': 0.51, 'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 48, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W124859506', 'https://openalex.org/W1493796692', 'https://openalex.org/W1493960309', 'https://openalex.org/W1509106660', 'https://openalex.org/W1585960153', 'https://openalex.org/W1831513200', 'https://openalex.org/W1877952388', 'https://openalex.org/W1970883168', 'https://openalex.org/W1992333423', 'https://openalex.org/W2005074071', 'https://openalex.org/W2013750717', 'https://openalex.org/W2020666596', 'https://openalex.org/W2022003982', 'https://openalex.org/W2024198220', 'https://openalex.org/W2030779929', 'https://openalex.org/W2032773281', 'https://openalex.org/W2036272057', 'https://openalex.org/W2040750521', 'https://openalex.org/W2045284484', 'https://openalex.org/W2045637657', 'https://openalex.org/W2046440568', 'https://openalex.org/W2057046283', 'https://openalex.org/W2062538328', 'https://openalex.org/W2064234769', 'https://openalex.org/W2069597205', 'https://openalex.org/W2070986373', 'https://openalex.org/W2108648206', 'https://openalex.org/W2171582954', 'https://openalex.org/W2419393319', 'https://openalex.org/W2889753036', 'https://openalex.org/W2975961499', 'https://openalex.org/W3121673802', 'https://openalex.org/W3121973123', 'https://openalex.org/W3122178285', 'https://openalex.org/W3122259746', 'https://openalex.org/W3122315367', 'https://openalex.org/W3122554728', 'https://openalex.org/W3122709276', 'https://openalex.org/W3123046637', 'https://openalex.org/W3123119954', 'https://openalex.org/W3123939741', 'https://openalex.org/W3124026071', 'https://openalex.org/W3124796117', 'https://openalex.org/W3125598749', 'https://openalex.org/W3125656997', 'https://openalex.org/W3125764130', 'https://openalex.org/W3126047456', 'https://openalex.org/W4255345322'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4317938255', 'https://openalex.org/W3004109400', 'https://openalex.org/W2592862655', 'https://openalex.org/W2537480186', 'https://openalex.org/W2275421695', 'https://openalex.org/W2146395173', 'https://openalex.org/W2128818595', 'https://openalex.org/W2115267315', 'https://openalex.org/W2106024425', 'https://openalex.org/W1984520451'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Journal': [0], 'Article': [1], 'Temporary': [2], 'Jobs:': [3], 'Stepping': [4], 'Stones': [5], 'or': [6], 'Dead': [7], 'Ends?': [8], 'Get': [9], 'access': [10], 'Alison': [11, 14], 'L.': [12, 15], 'Booth,': [13], 'Booth': [16], 'Australian': [17, 40, 63], 'National': [18, 41, 64], 'University': [19, 21, 42, 44, 65, 67], 'and': [20, 43, 66], 'of': [22, 45, 68], 'Essex': [23, 46, 69], 'Search': [24, 47, 70], 'for': [25, 48, 71], 'other': [26, 49, 72], 'works': [27, 50, 73], 'by': [28, 51, 74], 'this': [29, 52, 75], 'author': [30, 53, 76], 'on:': [31, 54, 77], 'Oxford': [32, 55, 78], 'Academic': [33, 56, 79], 'Google': [34, 57, 80], 'Scholar': [35, 58, 81], 'Marco': [36, 38], 'Francesconi,': [37], 'Francesconi': [39], 'Jeff': [59, 61], 'Frank': [60, 62], 'The': [82], 'Economic': [83], 'Journal,': [84], 'Volume': [85], '112,': [86], 'Issue': [87], '480,': [88], 'June': [89, 96], '2002,': [90], 'Pages': [91], 'F189–F213,': [92], 'https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00043': [93], 'Published:': [94], '13': [95], '2002': [97]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3124205685', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 35}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 31}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 53}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 51}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 74}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 48}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 60}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 72}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 69}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 73}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 62}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 47}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-19T01:50:54.586953', 'created_date': '2021-02-01'}