Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3116915922', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icfte.2019.12.852', 'title': 'Pakistan Higher Education System (Policies & Reforms)', 'display_name': 'Pakistan Higher Education System (Policies & Reforms)', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-12-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3116915922', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icfte.2019.12.852', 'mag': '3116915922'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icfte.2019.12.852', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.dpublication.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/255.pdf', 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'proceedings-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'http://www.dpublication.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/255.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018952048', 'display_name': 'Irshad Ahmad', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-1964'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Irshad Ahmad', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Officer at Community Development Organization Pakistan Program Director & Research Officer De Laas Gul welfare Program Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Officer at Community Development Organization Pakistan Program Director & Research Officer De Laas Gul welfare Program Pakistan', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112595711', 'display_name': 'Mukammil shah', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mukammil shah', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Officer at Community Development Organization Pakistan Program Director & Research Officer De Laas Gul welfare Program Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Officer at Community Development Organization Pakistan Program Director & Research Officer De Laas Gul welfare Program Pakistan', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 61}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10546', 'display_name': 'Higher Education Governance and Development', 'score': 0.9197, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10546', 'display_name': 'Higher Education Governance and Development', 'score': 0.9197, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34882796}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3403398}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3237049}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icfte.2019.12.852', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.dpublication.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/255.pdf', 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icfte.2019.12.852', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.dpublication.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/255.pdf', 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2530322880', 'https://openalex.org/W2390279801', 'https://openalex.org/W2382290278', 'https://openalex.org/W2376932109', 'https://openalex.org/W2358668433', 'https://openalex.org/W2350741829', 'https://openalex.org/W2130043461', 'https://openalex.org/W2001405890', 'https://openalex.org/W1596801655'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Education': [0, 169], 'assumes': [1], 'an': [2, 185, 193], 'import': [3], 'job': [4, 166], 'in': [5, 25, 68, 76, 94, 137, 145, 154, 158, 174, 201, 219, 224], 'the': [6, 32, 77, 146, 165, 182, 197, 212, 225], 'advancement': [7], 'and': [8, 21, 65, 122, 131, 208, 217, 232], 'improvement': [9, 78], 'of': [10, 13, 23, 35, 70, 79, 167, 172, 222, 227], 'a': [11, 42, 80], 'state.Advancement': [12], 'any': [14], 'nation': [15, 39], 'relies': [16], 'on': [17, 151, 196], 'its': [18, 48, 87], 'proficiency': [19, 49], 'rate': [20, 58], 'nature': [22, 138], 'instruction': [24], 'that': [26, 82, 124], 'nation.In': [27], 'this': [28], 'way,': [29], 'it': [30, 84], 'is': [31, 41, 67, 89], 'key': [33, 198], 'needs': [34], 'countries.Sadly,': [36], 'our': [37], 'own': [38], 'Pakistan': [40, 100, 159, 173, 223], 'regressive': [43], 'one': [44], 'with': [45, 61, 191], 'respect': [46], 'to': [47, 91, 104, 114, 143, 161, 189], 'rate.Indeed,': [50], 'even': [51], 'numerous': [52, 120], 'poor': [53], 'nations': [54], 'have': [55, 101], 'higher': [56, 155, 220], 'education': [57, 72, 113, 156, 221], 'as': [59, 83, 204, 206], 'contrast': [60], 'Pakistan.Our': [62], 'policy': [63], 'framework': [64], 'priority': [66], 'charge': [69], 'this.Higher': [71], 'has': [73], 'incredible': [74], 'significance': [75, 88], 'nation.Be': [81], 'may,': [85], 'sadly,': [86], 'yet': [90, 117], 'be': [92], 'acknowledged': [93], 'Asian': [95], 'nations.For': [96], 'over': [97], '70': [98], 'years,': [99], 'been': [102], 'attempting': [103], 'inspire': [105], 'their': [106, 115], 'instructive': [107], 'standard': [108], 'by': [109], 'giving': [110], 'quality': [111], 'advanced': [112], 'natives': [116], 'there': [118], 'are': [119, 125, 134], 'deterrents': [121], 'obstacles': [123], 'rising.These': [126], 'difficulties': [127], '(amount,': [128], 'value,': [129], 'quality,': [130], 'so': [132], 'on)': [133], 'exceptionally': [135], 'normal': [136], 'however': [139], 'require': [140], 'appropriate': [141], 'methodology': [142], 'address': [144], 'best': [147], 'way.The': [148], 'study': [149, 210], 'explain': [150], 'major': [152, 213], 'initiatives': [153], 'institutions': [157], 'according': [160], 'experts,': [162], 'likewise': [163], 'investigates': [164], 'Higher': [168], 'Commission': [170], '(HEC)': [171], 'presenting': [175], 'these': [176], 'changes.By': [177], 'utilizing': [178], 'subjective': [179], 'research': [180, 187], 'technique': [181], 'examination': [183], 'embraces': [184], 'illustrative': [186], 'way': [188], 'deal': [190], 'present': [192], 'all-encompassing': [194], 'perspective': [195], 'change': [199], 'activities': [200], 'HEIs': [202], 'both': [203], 'far': [205], 'substance': [207], 'procedure,': [209], 'highlights': [211], 'issues,': [214], 'policies,': [215], 'challenges': [216], 'reforms': [218], 'minds': [226], 'University': [228], 'professors': [229], 'from': [230], 'public': [231], 'private': [233], 'sectors.': [234]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3116915922', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-11T10:00:46.354152', 'created_date': '2021-01-05'}