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308], 'processes,': [67, 165], 'can': [68, 89, 330, 380, 917, 928], 'influence': [69, 331], 'Based': [72], 'on': [73, 147, 659, 1275], 'one-year': [75], 'longitudinal': [76, 489, 967, 1029], 'common-garden': [77, 968], 'experiment': [78, 492, 584, 605, 626, 646, 698, 842], 'tree': [81, 437, 568, 589, 629, 649, 772, 795, 834, 1013, 1042], 'frog': [82, 438, 773, 1043], 'found': [85, 534], 'that': [86, 163, 191, 240, 310, 567, 712, 743, 913, 925, 971, 1051, 1121, 1172, 1259, 1304, 1440], 'co-specific': [87, 915], 'populations': [88, 109, 150, 916, 951, 1108, 1137], 'show': [90, 918], 'striking': [91, 919], 'differences': [92, 920, 927, 949, 963, 1062, 1101], 'dynamics,': [95, 923, 1268], 'explained': [97, 725, 931], 'by': [98, 103, 272, 336, 726, 799, 932, 937, 1200, 1415, 1534], 'distinct': [99, 933], 'environmental': [100, 407, 934, 1153], 'conditions': [101, 408, 935, 1237, 1346], 'experienced': [102, 936], 'individuals': [104, 514, 523, 751, 774, 938], 'through': [105, 939], 'time.': [106], 'Indeed,': [107, 905], 'did': [110, 124, 620, 945, 1130], 'differ': [112, 853, 1132], 'at': [116, 185, 579, 600, 689, 693, 955], 'beginning': [118, 581, 640, 691, 867, 957], 'study,': [121], 'they': [123], 'after': [125], 'one': [126], 'year': [127], 'under': [128, 501, 1234], 'standard': [129, 862], 'conditions.': [130, 1255], 'We': [131, 384, 430, 533, 943, 1384], 'observed': [132, 1060, 1100, 1164], 'stability': [133, 199], 'over': [137, 511, 624, 838], 'historically': [140], 'stable': [141], 'but': [143, 1008, 1231], 'remarkable': [144], 'elongation': [145, 658, 1228], '(31.2%': [146], 'average)': [148, 660], 'arisen': [151], 'during': [152, 410, 473, 495, 719, 819, 1084, 1112, 1176, 1358], 'recent': [154, 212, 877, 1086], 'expansion.': [156], 'Our': [157, 1028], 'results': [158], 'suggest': [159, 1171], 'intriguing': [161, 1365], 'scenario': [162], 'non-equilibrium': [164, 1354], 'such': [166, 317, 376, 1330], 'as': [167, 318, 377, 441, 797, 975, 1015, 1160], 'expansions,': [169, 379], 'might': [170, 243, 420, 897, 984, 1257, 1301], 'promote': [171], 'plasticity': [172, 1265, 1279, 1332], 'molecular': [175], 'machinery': [176], 'regulating': [177], 'Telomeres': [180, 994], 'are': [181, 311, 674, 864, 1316], 'nucleoprotein': [182], 'structures': [183], 'located': [184], 'terminal': [187], 'ends': [188], 'chromosomes': [190], 'play': [192], 'major': [194], 'role': [195, 1277], 'maintaining': [197], 'genome': [198], 'avoiding': [202], 'loss': [203], 'genetic': [205, 1125, 1150], 'material': [206], "(O'Sullivan": [207], 'Karlseder': [209], '2010).': [210], 'In': [211, 876, 1192], 'times,': [213], 'there': [214, 744, 1441], 'burgeoning': [218, 1273], 'interest': [219, 1435], 'understanding': [221], 'fitness': [223], 'consequences': [224], 'dynamics': [231, 268, 392, 419, 880, 1104, 1220, 1356], '(Monaghan': [232, 890, 1204], 'et': [233, 258, 355, 359, 480, 810, 891, 1005, 1021, 1025, 1092, 1139, 1224, 1297, 1326, 1379], 'al.': [234, 259, 356, 360, 481, 811, 892, 1006, 1022, 1026, 1093, 1140, 1225, 1298, 1327, 1380], '2018).': [235, 893, 1226], 'A': [236], 'core': [237], 'idea': [238], 'is': [239, 321, 445, 1196, 1333, 1362, 1442, 1521], 'integrate': [244], 'individual': [246, 254, 388, 1041], 'history,': [247], 'thus': [248], 'representing': [249], 'valuable': [251], 'metric': [252], 'phenotypic': [255], 'quality': [256], '(Angelier': [257], '2019': [260], 'references': [262], 'therein).': [263], 'For': [264], 'example,': [265], 'may': [269, 1289], 'be': [270, 334, 724, 899, 930, 1212, 1291, 1303, 1544], 'affected': [271], 'habitat': [273], 'quality,': [274], 'intraspecific': [275], 'competition,': [276], 'immune': [277], 'function,': [278], 'inbreeding,': [279], 'have': [281, 498, 881, 1110, 1181], 'associated': [283, 707], 'with': [284, 402, 705, 752, 996, 1306, 1405], 'personality': [285], 'traits': [286], 'expression': [289, 1240], 'sexual': [291], 'weapons.': [292], 'This': [293, 444, 1256], 'emerging': [294], 'integrative': [295, 315], 'view': [296], 'biology,': [299], 'raises': [300], 'immediate': [301], 'questions': [302], 'about': [303], 'its': [304, 466, 509], 'potential': [305], 'implications': [306], 'prototypical': [312], 'phenotype,': [316], 'dispersal.': [319], 'Dispersal': [320], 'process': [324, 1115], 'ecology': [326], 'evolution,': [328], 'which': [329, 456, 496], '–': [332, 337, 1383, 1410, 1436], 'influenced': [335], 'evolution': [339, 1097, 1184, 1281], 'virtually': [341], 'all': [342], 'features': [344], 'an': [346, 706, 720, 1040, 1334], 'organism,': [347], 'including': [348], 'behaviour,': [349], 'morphology,': [350], 'physiology': [351], 'genetics': [353], '(Clobert': [354], '2012,': [357], 'Canestrelli': [358, 1325], '2016).': [361, 1328], 'ask': [364], 'dispersal-driven': [370], 'historical': [373], 'relevance,': [375], 'affect': [381], 'hypothesize': [385], 'that,': [386], 'if': [387, 667], 'translates': [393], 'into': [394], 'heritable': [395], 'capacity': [399], 'to': [400, 452, 641, 750, 1002, 1211, 1252, 1271, 1293, 1312, 1336, 1352, 1430, 1546], 'cope': [401], 'new': [404], 'demographic': [405, 1355], 'and/or': [406], 'encountered': [409, 1357], 'expansion,': [413, 1157], 'structure': [416], 'emerge': [421], 'along': [422, 965], 'recently': [427], 'expanded': [428], 'population.': [429, 1078], 'explore': [431], 'hypothesis': [433], 'using': [434], 'Tyrrhenian': [436, 454, 771, 794, 1012], 'Hyla': [439], 'sarda': [440], 'study': [442, 734, 907], 'species.': [443], 'small,': [447], 'cryptically': [448], 'coloured': [449], 'amphibian': [450], 'endemic': [451], 'islands,': [455], 'colonized': [457], 'Corsica': [459, 530, 572, 592, 648, 780, 1077, 1080, 1230, 1249], 'island': [460], '(i.e.': [461, 1241, 1323], 'northern': [463], 'portion': [464, 1034], 'current': [467], 'range)': [468], 'from': [469, 570, 591, 598, 638, 676, 686, 855, 1089, 1372, 1418], 'Sardinia': [471, 521, 574, 599, 628, 778, 1068, 1090, 1233], 'island,': [472], 'Late': [475], 'Pleistocene': 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'showed': [566, 1120], 'frogs': [569, 590, 630, 650, 673, 730, 835, 1305], 'both': [571, 1124], 'had': [575, 593], 'similar': [576], '(p': [585, 631], '0.549),': [587], 'longer': [594], 'telomeres': [595, 754, 1074], 'than': [596, 1540], 'those': [597], 'end': [602, 643, 695, 738, 872], '(coeff.': [606], 'estimate': [607], '±': [608, 611, 652, 861], 'SE:': [609], '0.218': [610], '0.057,': [612], '0.002)': [615], '(Fig.': [616, 661], '1).': [617], 'significantly': [623, 637, 700, 854], '0.229),': [633], 'it': [635, 1300], 'increased': [636, 1331], '(−0.215': [651], '0.050,': [653], '0.0006;': [656], '31.2%': [657], '1B).': [662], 'Results': [663], 'four': [668, 767], 'females': [669], 'out': [670, 1045], '47': [672], 'removed': [675], 'models': [678], '(data': [679], 'shown).': [681], 'Individual': [682], 'measured': [685], 'samples': [687], 'taken': [688], 'was': [699, 745, 1054, 1082, 1413], 'repeatable': [701], '(coefficient': [702], '0.42': [704], 'variance': [708, 715], '0.03),': 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[816], 'coastline': [818], 'last': [821], 'glacial': [822], 'maximum': [823], '(21': [824], '000': [825], 'yr': [826], 'ago).': [827], '(B)': [828], 'Values': [829], 'twice': [837], '12': [844], 'months.': [845], 'Groups': [846], 'sharing': [847], 'same': [849], 'colour': [850], 'each': [856], 'other.': [857], 'Least': [858], 'square': [859], 'means': [860], 'errors': [863], 'shown.': [865], 'B:': [866], 'experiment;': [870], 'E:': [871], 'experiment.': [875], 'years,': [878], 'studied': [883, 1001, 1136], 'The': [894, 1411, 1437, 1519], 'species,': [895], 'however,': [896], 'appropriate': [901], 'unit': [902], 'analysis.': [904], 'our': [906], 'showed,': [908], 'time,': [912], 'different': [914], 'these': [926, 962, 1253], 'hardly': [929], 'also': [944, 1144, 1290, 1302], 'observe': [947], 'any': [948, 1530], 'study;': [960], 'rather,': [961], 'emerged': [964], 'point': [972], 'estimates': [973], '(e.g.': [974], 'routinely': [976], 'used': [977], 'when': [978], 'comparing': [979], 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'bioclimatic': [1128], 'suitability': [1129], 'appreciably': [1133], 'b2011b;': [1142], 'see': [1143], 'Supporting': [1145], 'Accordingly,': [1147], 'founder': [1148], 'events,': [1149], 'drift': [1151], 'adaptation': [1154, 1335], 'following': [1155], 'appear': [1158], 'unlikely': [1159], 'drivers': [1161], 'divergence': [1165], 'Hence,': [1169], 'adaptive': [1173], 'event': [1180, 1263], 'promoted': [1182, 1264], 'pattern': [1188], 'vertebrates,': [1193], 'maintained': [1197], 'restored': [1199], 'enzyme': [1202], 'telomerase': [1203, 1247], 'Haussmann': [1206], '2006).': [1207], 'Telomerase': [1208], 'activity': [1209], 'appears': [1210], 'particularly': [1213], 'relevant': [1214], 'regulation': [1217], 'ectotherms': [1222], '(Olsson': [1223], 'suggests': [1238], 'differential': [1239], 're-activation': [1242], 'upregulation)': [1244], 'response': [1251], 'novel': [1254, 1341], 'imply': [1258], 'adding': [1269], 'perspective': [1270], 'focus': [1274], '(Schwander': [1282], 'Leimar': [1284], '2011).': [1285], 'linked': [1292], 'behavioural': [1294, 1309], 'phenotype': [1295], '(Bateson': [1296], '2015),': [1299], 'specific': [1308], 'type,': [1310], 'related': [1311], 'exploration': [1313], 'boldness,': [1315], 'more': [1317], 'sink': [1321], 'Corsica;': [1324], 'Whether': [1329], 'unpredictability': [1338], 'environments,': [1342], 'across': [1347], 'life-history/behavioural': [1349], 'strategies,': [1350], 'process,': [1361], 'further': [1364], 'future': [1368], 'research.': [1369], 'Data': [1370], 'available': [1371], 'Dryad': [1374], 'Digital': [1375], 'Repository:': [1376], '<https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vdncjsxst>': [1377], '(Canestrelli': [1378], '2020).': [1381], 'Acknowledgements': [1382], 'thank': [1385], 'Alessandro': [1386], 'Carlini,': [1387], 'Andrea': [1388], 'Chiocchio,': [1389], 'Francesco': [1390], 'Ciabattoni,': [1391], 'Lorenzo': [1392], 'Latini,': [1393], 'Armando': [1394], 'Macali,': [1395], 'Cinzia': [1396], 'Mastrogiovanni,': [1397], 'Ambra': [1398], 'Pazzani': [1399], 'Mauro': [1401], 'Zampiglia': [1402], 'assistance': [1404], 'experimental': [1407], 'procedures.': [1408], 'Funding': [1409, 1475], 'research': [1412], 'supported': [1414], 'grant': [1417], 'Italian': [1420], 'Ministry': [1421], 'Education,': [1423], 'Univ.': [1424], 'Research': [1426], '(PRIN': [1427], 'project': [1428], '2017KLZ3MA)': [1429], 'D.': [1431], 'Canestrelli.': [1432], 'Conflicts': [1433], 'authors': [1438], 'declare': [1439], 'conflict': [1444], 'interest.': [1446], 'Frederic': [1447], 'Angelier:': [1448], 'Original': [1449, 1470, 1490], 'draft': [1450, 1471, 1491], '(supporting);': [1451, 1459, 1481, 1492, 1506], 'Methodology': [1452, 1473, 1496], '(equal);': [1453, 1463, 1474, 1503, 1514], 'Investigation': [1454, 1464, 1507, 1515], '(equal).': [1455, 1465, 1485, 1497, 1508, 1516], 'Roberta': [1456], 'Bisconti:': [1457], 'Conceptualization': [1458, 1468, 1480, 1488], 'Review': [1460, 1482, 1500, 1511], 'editing': [1462, 1484, 1502, 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