Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3106873488', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1837', 'title': 'The Self-Employment Rate Index as a Measure of Economic Trends: Impact of Heterogeneity of the Self-Employed on the Quality of Indicators', 'display_name': 'The Self-Employment Rate Index as a Measure of Economic Trends: Impact of Heterogeneity of the Self-Employed on the Quality of Indicators', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-11-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3106873488', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1837', 'mag': '3106873488'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1837', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.ersj.eu/journal/1837/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764563877', 'display_name': 'EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL', 'issn_l': '1108-2976', 'issn': ['1108-2976'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4323995299', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Piraeus', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4323995299'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Piraeus'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.ersj.eu/journal/1837/download', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001501570', 'display_name': 'Małgorzata Skrzek-Lubasińska', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-1311'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Malgorzata Skrzek-Lubasinska', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066790230', 'display_name': 'Zofia Gródek-Szostak', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-6952'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zofia Grodek-Szostak', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.363, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.701532, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 70, 'max': 75}, 'biblio': {'volume': 'XXIII', 'issue': 'Special Issue 2', 'first_page': '483', 'last_page': '501'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12501', 'display_name': 'Impact of Gig Economy on Labor Market', 'score': 0.9923, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12501', 'display_name': 'Impact of Gig Economy on Labor Market', 'score': 0.9923, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11959', 'display_name': 'Health Effects of Precarious Employment and Unemployment', 'score': 0.9906, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12851', 'display_name': 'Evolution of Firm Size and Growth Dynamics', 'score': 0.9497, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-flexibility', 'display_name': 'Labor Market Flexibility', 'score': 0.573703}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-transformation', 'display_name': 'Labor Market Transformation', 'score': 0.545736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/self-employment', 'display_name': 'Self-employment', 'score': 0.5238067}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777382242', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816', 'display_name': 'Index (typography)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5981366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780009758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172', 'display_name': 'Measure (data warehouse)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5895535}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778000738', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005490', 'display_name': 'Self-employment', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5238067}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.51369774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779530757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505', 'display_name': 'Quality (philosophy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5112128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149782125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039', 'display_name': 'Econometrics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34683335}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14233813}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84309077', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516', 'display_name': 'Entrepreneurship', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.07904747}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466', 'display_name': 'World Wide Web', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77088390', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513', 'display_name': 'Database', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1837', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.ersj.eu/journal/1837/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764563877', 'display_name': 'EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL', 'issn_l': '1108-2976', 'issn': ['1108-2976'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4323995299', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Piraeus', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4323995299'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Piraeus'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/78729', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/78729/1/The_self_employment_rate_index_as_a_measure_of_economic_trends.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400782', 'display_name': 'OAR@UM (University of Malta)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I197854408', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Malta', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I197854408'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Malta'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1837', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.ersj.eu/journal/1837/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764563877', 'display_name': 'EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL', 'issn_l': '1108-2976', 'issn': ['1108-2976'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4323995299', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Piraeus', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4323995299'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Piraeus'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Climate action', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13', 'score': 0.48}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 23, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1556294381', 'https://openalex.org/W1971103901', 'https://openalex.org/W1979294153', 'https://openalex.org/W2038964266', 'https://openalex.org/W2044429745', 'https://openalex.org/W2103077003', 'https://openalex.org/W2125826975', 'https://openalex.org/W2127351996', 'https://openalex.org/W2136943769', 'https://openalex.org/W2159138758', 'https://openalex.org/W2183460972', 'https://openalex.org/W2258599728', 'https://openalex.org/W2527212098', 'https://openalex.org/W2789283003', 'https://openalex.org/W2816330892', 'https://openalex.org/W2897449398', 'https://openalex.org/W2900416780', 'https://openalex.org/W3094216692', 'https://openalex.org/W3123334622', 'https://openalex.org/W3125140138', 'https://openalex.org/W416154137', 'https://openalex.org/W425424919', 'https://openalex.org/W590184903'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4301447905', 'https://openalex.org/W4255837520', 'https://openalex.org/W4255628145', 'https://openalex.org/W4234808182', 'https://openalex.org/W2809370583', 'https://openalex.org/W2809151339', 'https://openalex.org/W2387011115', 'https://openalex.org/W2382043075', 'https://openalex.org/W2360673138', 'https://openalex.org/W2216913934'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Purpose:': [0], 'The': [1, 113], 'aim': [2], 'of': [3, 6, 23, 44, 115, 125, 166, 186, 221, 238], 'this': [4, 51, 192], 'part': [5], 'the': [7, 19, 26, 40, 53, 58, 84, 90, 96, 104, 161, 177, 184, 199, 208, 218, 235, 244, 256], 'paper': [8], 'was': [9, 55], 'to': [10, 76, 82, 109, 189, 233, 252], 'examine': [11], 'whether': [12, 39], 'there': [13], 'are': [14, 47, 60, 241], 'any': [15, 35], 'observable': [16], 'trends': [17, 85, 175], 'between': [18, 95], 'number': [165], 'or': [21, 168], 'percentage': [22], 'self-employed': [167], 'in': [25, 86, 89, 176, 191, 207, 243, 255], 'labour': [27, 46, 68, 92, 100, 178, 209, 222, 245, 257], 'market': [28, 69, 101, 179, 258], 'and': [29, 33, 99, 103, 119, 123, 131, 151, 223], 'business': [30, 97], 'climate': [31, 98], 'indicators,': [32], 'can': [34, 141], 'conclusions': [36], 'be': [37, 110, 133, 143, 198, 250], 'drawn': [38], 'currently': [41], 'existing': [42], 'methods': [43], 'monitoring': [45, 70, 225], 'sufficient.': [48], 'Approach/Methodology/Design:': [49], 'In': [50], 'paper,': [52], 'hypothesis': [54], 'tested': [56], 'that': [57, 140, 160], 'not': [61, 80, 111, 197], 'a': [62], 'cohesive': [63], 'group.': [64], 'That': [65], 'is': [66, 79, 117, 171, 212, 231], 'why': [67], 'structure': [71], 'based': [72], 'on': [73], 'indicators': [74, 102, 248], 'related': [75, 188], '“self-employment': [77, 169], 'rate”': [78, 170], 'sufficient': [81], 'observe': [83], 'changes': [87, 190, 254], 'occurring': [88], 'contemporary': [91], 'market.': [93, 193, 210, 246], 'Correlations': [94], 'various': [105], 'subgroups': [107], 'tend': [108], 'similar.': [112], 'group': [114], 'diverse': [118], 'includes': [120, 138], 'different': [121], 'areas': [122], 'forms': [124], 'work,': [126], 'which': [127], 'demonstrate': [128, 253], 'varied': [129], 'tendencies': [130], 'should': [132, 196, 249], 'considered': [134], 'separately.': [135], 'Moreover,': [136], 'it': [137, 181], 'groups': [139], 'now': [142], 'formally': [144], 'separated,': [145], 'for': [146, 173, 201, 215, 224], 'example': [147], 'individual': [148], 'farmers,': [149], 'traditional': [150], 'hybrid': [152], 'self-employed,': [153], 'employers.': [154], 'Findings:': [155], 'Our': [156], 'analysis': [157], 'clearly': [158], 'shows': [159], 'commonly': [162], 'used': [163], 'indicator': [164, 195], 'inadequate': [172], 'analysing': [174], 'as': [180], 'doesn’t': [182], 'showcase': [183], 'complexity': [185], 'problems': [187], 'This': [194], 'basis': [200], 'assessing': [202], 'economic': [203], 'trends,': [204], 'including': [205], 'those': [206], 'It': [211, 230], 'also': [213], 'insufficient': [214], 'concluding': [216], 'about': [217], 'very': [219], 'nature': [220], 'Economy': [226], '4.0.': [227], 'Practical': [228], 'Implications:': [229], 'necessary': [232], 'discuss': [234], 'new': [236], 'classification': [237], 'people': [239], 'who': [240], 'active': [242], 'New': [247], 'developed,': [251], 'more': [259], 'accurately.': [260]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3106873488', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T04:37:50.369053', 'created_date': '2020-12-07'}