Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3103381976', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00240-8', 'title': 'Spontaneous generation of pseudoscalar mass in the U(3)×U(3) linear sigma model', 'display_name': 'Spontaneous generation of pseudoscalar mass in the U(3)×U(3) linear sigma model', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3103381976', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00240-8', 'mag': '3103381976'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00240-8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S173952182', 'display_name': 'Physics Letters B', 'issn_l': '0370-2693', 'issn': ['0370-2693', '1873-2445'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'datacite'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9712479', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030849611', 'display_name': 'Nils A. Törnqvist', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I133731052', 'display_name': 'University of Helsinki', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040af2s02', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I133731052']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800229700', 'display_name': 'Helsinki Institute of Physics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01x2x1522', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I133731052', 'https://openalex.org/I2800229700', 'https://openalex.org/I63548447', 'https://openalex.org/I94722563', 'https://openalex.org/I9927081']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Nils A Törnqvist', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Physics Department, POB 9, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Physics Department, POB 9, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I133731052', 'https://openalex.org/I2800229700']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5030849611'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I133731052', 'https://openalex.org/I2800229700'], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.506, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 20, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.724745, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 84, 'max': 85}, 'biblio': {'volume': '426', 'issue': '1-2', 'first_page': '105', 'last_page': '113'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10224', 'display_name': 'Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10224', 'display_name': 'Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10048', 'display_name': 'Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma', 'display_name': 'Sigma', 'score': 0.7148386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma-model', 'display_name': 'Sigma model', 'score': 0.60135376}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778049214', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234', 'display_name': 'Sigma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7148386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C101583263', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1748985', 'display_name': 'Pseudoscalar', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.70800775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781313195', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512415', 'display_name': 'Sigma model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.60135376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109214941', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334', 'display_name': 'Particle physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5710615}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.52452904}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23119410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236908', 'display_name': 'Six Sigma', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4632344}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.21778479}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158622935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.196147}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200006409', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102742', 'display_name': 'Meson', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16700667}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0874795}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34146451', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094', 'display_name': 'Cascade', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00240-8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S173952182', 'display_name': 'Physics Letters B', 'issn_l': '0370-2693', 'issn': ['0370-2693', '1873-2445'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9712479', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9712479', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9712479', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9712479', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9712479', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2097537353', 'https://openalex.org/W3103381976'], 'referenced_works_count': 18, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1982127165', 'https://openalex.org/W1989227424', 'https://openalex.org/W1996985554', 'https://openalex.org/W1998909324', 'https://openalex.org/W2004068857', 'https://openalex.org/W2007121966', 'https://openalex.org/W2012735027', 'https://openalex.org/W2013185049', 'https://openalex.org/W2030690537', 'https://openalex.org/W2090420909', 'https://openalex.org/W2107120226', 'https://openalex.org/W2137524726', 'https://openalex.org/W2156086489', 'https://openalex.org/W2160306805', 'https://openalex.org/W2314207668', 'https://openalex.org/W2982832768', 'https://openalex.org/W2984366051', 'https://openalex.org/W3190092399'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W594616480', 'https://openalex.org/W2951221659', 'https://openalex.org/W2725982103', 'https://openalex.org/W2526355781', 'https://openalex.org/W2376050517', 'https://openalex.org/W2024236392', 'https://openalex.org/W2012465829', 'https://openalex.org/W2010530423', 'https://openalex.org/W1819446', 'https://openalex.org/W1601839798'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3103381976', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T18:39:49.748028', 'created_date': '2020-11-23'}