Title: Syntactic models of protocategorial constructions of the reverse state in old Germanic languages
Abstract: Summary. The typology of syntactic models in protocategorical state constructions is studied using the example of five Old Germanic languages – Gothic, Old English, Old Icelandic, Old Saxon and Old High German.
The author has used two methodological approaches: semantic approach, according to which the inverse is
interpreted as the directionality of the action to the actor – agent, who is both the subject and the object of
this action, and formal approach, which required study of the corresponding indicator of inverse. It is proved
that the reverse state combines several characteristics, namely: inverse (reflexivity), reciprocity, ingression
(transient state).The typology of syntactic models of reverse state protocategorial constructions is outlined,
namely: 1) the + reflexive pronoun in the accusative case; 2) + reflexive pronoun in the dative case;
3) + reflexive pronoun with preposition; 4) + reflexive pronoun + infinitive; 5) constructions with
verbs Reflexiva tantum; 6) constructions with reciprocating dual-rection verbs; 7) constructions with reciprocal
verbs and prepositions gegen, wille; 8) constructions with an independent reflexive pronoun.The analysis of
the reverse state of proto-categorical constructions in Old Germanic languages was performed and it was determined
which syntactic models and state shades and relations were characterised such structures. It was found
that the leading position in the frequency of use of structures of this type was occupied by ancient Icelandic,
and it was found that in other languages, e.g. Gothic, reverse constructions were not widely used. There was
a sufficiently productive group of class IV verbs instead that contained a great number of reverse shades. It is
proved that in Old Saxon, Old English and Old High German the beginnings of the reverse state concentrate
on two basic syntactic models - verb + reflexive pronoun in the accusative case and verb + reflexive pronoun
in the dative case. Also the model “verb + reflexive pronoun + participle » is the specific areal feature.
Publication Year: 2019
Publication Date: 2019-11-10
Language: en
Type: article
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