Abstract: The formulation of special relativity by Albert Einstein in 1905 was based on a symmetry assumption, namely that the laws of physics must be the same for all non-accelerating (i.e. inertial) observers. This simple and very sensible assumption, called the Fundamental Postulate of special relativity, led to one of the most important paradigm shifts in Science. We introduce some of the basic ideas and consequences of special relativity. Inertial frames, which are relevant to both Newtonian mechanics and special relativity, are first defined. Next we show how the Fundamental Postulate leads the conclusion that the speed of light must be the same for all inertial observers. The remarkably consequences resulting from the constancy of the speed of light are then described. These include the unification of space and time into a single spacetime continuum, the relativity of simultaneity, time dilation and Lorentz contraction. Spacetime diagrams are a valuable tool for deciphering and utilizing the consequences of special relativity. We introduce spacetime diagrams and show how to use them to solve simple problems. Finally, we present the “Death Star Betrayal” conundrum as an example of the potential importance of understanding fully the implications of special relativity.
Publication Year: 2020
Publication Date: 2020-01-01
Language: en
Type: book-chapter
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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