Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W30564900', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2144/04366st03', 'title': 'Restriction digestion monitors facilitate plasmid construction and PCR cloning', 'display_name': 'Restriction digestion monitors facilitate plasmid construction and PCR cloning', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W30564900', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2144/04366st03', 'mag': '30564900', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15211749'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2144/04366st03', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S79990748', 'display_name': 'BioTechniques', 'issn_l': '0736-6205', 'issn': ['0736-6205', '1940-9818'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320316', 'host_organization_name': 'Future Science Ltd', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320316'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Future Science Ltd'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2144/04366st03', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007696781', 'display_name': 'R. D. Anand', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I77920804', 'display_name': 'Albany Medical Center Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0307crw42', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77920804']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rishi D. Anand', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I77920804']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050340796', 'display_name': 'Odeniel Sertil', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I77920804', 'display_name': 'Albany Medical Center Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0307crw42', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77920804']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Odeniel Sertil', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I77920804']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109554524', 'display_name': 'Charles V. Lowry', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I77920804', 'display_name': 'Albany Medical Center Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0307crw42', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77920804']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Charles V. Lowry', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I77920804']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 1415, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1415, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1415, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1415, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 0.262, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 5, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.573162, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 76, 'max': 77}, 'biblio': {'volume': '36', 'issue': '6', 'first_page': '982', 'last_page': '985'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11048', 'display_name': 'Bacteriophages and microbial interactions', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11048', 'display_name': 'Bacteriophages and microbial interactions', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10725', 'display_name': 'RNA Interference and Gene Delivery', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10432', 'display_name': 'DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cloning', 'display_name': 'Cloning (programming)', 'score': 0.73525476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-digest', 'display_name': 'Restriction digest', 'score': 0.721625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cloning-vector', 'display_name': 'Cloning vector', 'score': 0.6923559}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-site', 'display_name': 'Restriction site', 'score': 0.6639318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-cloning-site', 'display_name': 'Multiple cloning site', 'score': 0.58137876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-fragment', 'display_name': 'Restriction fragment', 'score': 0.45028526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-map', 'display_name': 'Restriction map', 'score': 0.41039163}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C128319531', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219715', 'display_name': 'Restriction enzyme', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8801106}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22744801', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172778', 'display_name': 'Plasmid', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8709197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121050878', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135020', 'display_name': 'Cloning (programming)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.73525476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2889275', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316313', 'display_name': 'Restriction digest', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.721625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168374021', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1924179', 'display_name': 'Cloning vector', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6923559}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58301748', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074969', 'display_name': 'Restriction site', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6639318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107618985', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358963', 'display_name': 'Multiple cloning site', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.58137876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C179437574', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15089798', 'display_name': 'Ligation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5727907}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5606715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19924922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408351', 'display_name': 'Molecular cloning', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.50349325}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4635742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C92087593', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427389', 'display_name': 'Vector (molecular biology)', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4618598}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552990157', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430', 'display_name': 'DNA', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4534826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84289048', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316314', 'display_name': 'Restriction fragment', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45028526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70721500', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005', 'display_name': 'Computational biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43561992}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171636592', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3395646', 'display_name': 'Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.424262}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170673058', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780686', 'display_name': 'Restriction map', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.41039163}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40767141', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697', 'display_name': 'Recombinant DNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.39595366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49105822', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996', 'display_name': 'Polymerase chain reaction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.37822515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37744746}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168007829', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857299', 'display_name': 'Restriction fragment length polymorphism', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.2057232}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19122764}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.15427294}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187882448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283478', 'display_name': 'Complementary DNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.07799041}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003001', 'descriptor_name': 'Cloning, Molecular', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015280', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010957', 'descriptor_name': 'Plasmids', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010957', 'descriptor_name': 'Plasmids', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016133', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015183', 'descriptor_name': 'Restriction Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003001', 'descriptor_name': 'Cloning, Molecular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015280', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010957', 'descriptor_name': 'Plasmids', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016133', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015183', 'descriptor_name': 'Restriction Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2144/04366st03', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S79990748', 'display_name': 'BioTechniques', 'issn_l': '0736-6205', 'issn': ['0736-6205', '1940-9818'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320316', 'host_organization_name': 'Future Science Ltd', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320316'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Future Science Ltd'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/39ad33787a274fda8e75a82c97e7c3b2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15211749', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2144/04366st03', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S79990748', 'display_name': 'BioTechniques', 'issn_l': '0736-6205', 'issn': ['0736-6205', '1940-9818'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320316', 'host_organization_name': 'Future Science Ltd', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320316'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Future Science Ltd'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 6, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1559291368', 'https://openalex.org/W1995476615', 'https://openalex.org/W2025920026', 'https://openalex.org/W2028622989', 'https://openalex.org/W2084106399', 'https://openalex.org/W2132417094'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3146031332', 'https://openalex.org/W30564900', 'https://openalex.org/W2109214798', 'https://openalex.org/W209814502', 'https://openalex.org/W2077097444', 'https://openalex.org/W2048696032', 'https://openalex.org/W1997953487', 'https://openalex.org/W1986356093', 'https://openalex.org/W197882667', 'https://openalex.org/W17134236'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Plasmid': [0], 'construction': [1], 'by': [2, 73, 119], '"forced"': [3], 'or': [4, 41], '"directional"': [5], 'ligation': [6], 'of': [7, 22, 78, 97, 106, 122, 164, 171, 173, 197], 'fragments': [8], 'digested': [9], 'with': [10], 'two': [11, 68, 175], 'different': [12], 'restriction': [13], 'enzymes': [14, 176], 'is': [15, 36, 58, 143, 151, 185, 192], 'highly': [16], 'efficient,': [17], 'except': [18], 'when': [19, 188], 'inhibited': [20], 'digestion': [21, 35], 'one': [23, 138], 'site': [24, 212], 'favors': [25], 'vector': [26, 39], 'recircularization.': [27], 'Such': [28], 'failures': [29], 'often': [30], 'result': [31], 'because': [32], 'incomplete': [33, 181], 'double': [34, 84, 182], 'undetected': [37], 'in': [38, 131, 140, 179], 'polylinkers': [40, 117, 133], 'at': [42, 136], 'terminal': [43], 'cloning': [44, 100, 208], 'sites': [45, 70, 128], 'on': [46], 'a': [47, 55, 64, 104], 'PCR': [48], 'fragment.': [49], 'To': [50, 91], 'test': [51, 69], 'cleavage': [52], 'efficiency': [53], 'indirectly,': [54], '"monitor"': [56], 'plasmid': [57, 139], 'added': [59], 'to': [60, 81, 95, 153, 156, 158, 194], 'the': [61, 67, 83, 87, 132, 141, 165, 169, 174, 189, 195, 198], 'digest.': [62, 90], 'In': [63], 'suitable': [65], 'monitor,': [66], 'are': [71, 129], 'separated': [72, 118], 'enough': [74], 'DNA': [75, 191], '(approximately': [76], '20%': [77], 'full': [79], 'length)': [80], 'distinguish': [82], 'digest': [85, 183], 'from': [86], 'failed': [88, 178], 'single': [89], 'make': [92], 'this': [93], 'applicable': [94], 'combinations': [96], '32': [98, 127], 'popular': [99], 'enzymes,': [101], 'we': [102], 'constructed': [103], 'set': [105, 142, 150], '4': [107], 'monitors': [108], '(pDM1,': [109], 'pDM2,': [110], 'pDM3,': [111], 'and': [112, 184], 'pDM4).': [113], 'Each': [114], 'contains': [115], 'three': [116], 'stuffer': [120], 'segments': [121], 'approximately': [123], '1': [124], 'kb.': [125], 'The': [126, 149, 201], 'distributed': [130], 'such': [134], 'that': [135], 'least': [137], 'diagnostic': [144], 'for': [145, 168, 210], 'each': [146], 'enzyme': [147], 'pair.': [148], 'designed': [152], 'be': [154], 'extended': [155], 'up': [157], '81': [159], 'sites.': [160], 'A': [161], 'linearized': [162], 'version': [163], 'monitor': [166], 'allows': [167], 'determination': [170], 'which': [172], 'has': [177], 'an': [180], 'also': [186, 203], 'useful': [187], 'target': [190], 'close': [193], 'size': [196], 'pDM': [199], 'backbone.': [200], 'plasmids': [202], 'serve': [204], 'as': [205], 'versatile': [206], 'self-monitoring': [207], 'vectors': [209], 'any': [211], 'combination.': [213]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W30564900', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T13:37:05.623138', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}