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4723, 4742, 4787, 4821, 4853], 'tonsil': [6, 229, 278, 430, 648, 1229, 1350, 1486, 1620, 1911, 2139, 2170, 2379, 2400, 2512, 2537, 2738, 2783, 2793, 2803, 2816, 2898, 4252, 4267, 4442], 'tissue': [7, 279, 431, 550, 1436, 1539], 'on': [8, 236, 288, 432, 739, 1433, 1536, 1977, 2046, 3065, 3149, 3168, 3224, 3260, 3972, 4588, 4655, 4941], 'pediatric': [9, 196, 207, 433, 503, 516, 566, 576, 613, 698, 4136, 4421, 4441, 4914], 'obstructive': [10, 434, 457, 4289, 4340, 4375, 4422, 4446, 4508, 4531, 4593, 4625, 4764, 4891, 4915], 'sleep': [11, 174, 435, 458, 518, 3646, 4044, 4255, 4290, 4341, 4392, 4423, 4447, 4509, 4532, 4594, 4626, 4765, 4892, 4910, 4916, 5075], 'apnea': [12, 175, 436, 459, 519, 1094, 4291, 4448, 4533, 4595, 4627, 4893, 4917], 'severity': [13, 238, 437, 845, 958, 1223, 2002, 3533, 3863, 4152], 'determined': [14, 438, 506, 629, 762, 771, 1917, 2018, 3058, 3275, 3443, 3717], 'by': [15, 182, 333, 355, 439, 526, 763, 888, 959, 981, 1188, 1309, 1472, 1756, 1918, 1945, 2636, 2908, 2931, 2977, 3294, 4089, 4207, 4534, 4997], 'computational': [16, 298, 440, 890, 4535, 4597, 4861, 4949], 'fluid': [17, 299, 441, 891, 4226, 4536, 4598, 4812, 4862, 4950, 5073], 'dynamics': [18, 892, 4537, 4599, 4813, 4863], 'Tomonori': [19, 41], 'Iwasaki,': [20, 42], 'DDS,': [21, 29, 33, 36, 39, 43, 85, 143], 'PhD,': [22, 26, 30], 'Takesi': [23, 61], 'Sugiyama,': [24, 62], 'MD,': [25, 63], 'Ayaka': [27, 83], 'Yanagisawa-Minami,': [28, 84], 'Yoichiro': [31, 103], 'Oku,': [32, 104], 'Anna': [34, 122], 'Yokura,': [35, 123], 'Youichi': [37, 141], 'Yamasaki,': [38, 142], 'PhD': [40, 44, 64, 86, 144], 'Department': [45, 65, 87, 106, 125, 145], 'Pediatric': [47, 89, 108, 127, 147, 4466], 'Dentistry,': [48, 90, 109, 128, 148], 'Kagoshima': [49, 91, 110, 129, 149, 1315], 'University': [50, 69, 92, 111, 130, 150], 'Graduate': [51, 70, 93, 112, 131, 151], 'School': [52, 71, 94, 113, 132, 152], 'Medical': [54, 96, 115, 134, 154], 'Dental': [56, 98, 117, 136, 156], 'Sciences,': [57, 99, 118, 137, 157], 'Kagoshima,': [58, 100, 119, 138, 158], 'Japan': [59, 75, 81, 101, 120, 139, 159, 1317, 1325, 4209], ',': [60, 82, 102, 121, 140], 'Pediatrics,': [67, 76], 'Yamanashi': [68, 1323], 'Medicine,': [73], 'Yamanashi,': [74], 'Ichinomiya-Nishi': [77], 'Hospital,': [78], 'Ichinomiya,': [79], 'Aichi,': [80], 'DDS': [105, 124], 'Published': [160], 'Online:December': [161], '15,': [162, 5037, 5049, 5062], '2020https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8736Cited': [163], 'by:1SectionsAbstractPDF': [164], 'ShareShare': [165], 'onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail': [166], 'ToolsAdd': [167], 'to': [168, 221, 245, 249, 404, 465, 487, 494, 554, 599, 620, 635, 705, 841, 858, 878, 905, 927, 951, 994, 1048, 1171, 1226, 1281, 1289, 1328, 1360, 1442, 1532, 1547, 1575, 1586, 1601, 1673, 1684, 1699, 1732, 1798, 1842, 1968, 1997, 2025, 2037, 2069, 2095, 2163, 2169, 2271, 2356, 2378, 2493, 2511, 2763, 2860, 2877, 2995, 3011, 3042, 3071, 3253, 3368, 3375, 3426, 3453, 3480, 3596, 3748, 3768, 3782, 3794, 3799, 3806, 3809, 3836, 3947, 4050, 4061, 4094, 4107, 4164, 4242, 4251, 4500], 'favoritesDownload': [169], 'CitationsTrack': [170], 'Citations': [171], 'AboutABSTRACTStudy': [172], 'Objectives:Obstructive': [173], '(OSA)': [176, 460, 520], 'is': [177, 198, 202, 239, 397, 402, 463, 478, 521, 541, 552, 570, 588, 615, 702, 748, 758, 779, 802, 856, 1186, 1858, 3014, 3279, 3328, 3492, 3671, 3705, 3710, 3945, 4092, 4120], 'a': [178, 213, 247, 305, 489, 522, 592, 688, 773, 805, 902, 1009, 1072, 1201, 1238, 1273, 1799, 1905, 2063, 2637, 3108, 3171, 3266, 3303, 3346, 3400, 3435, 3608, 3627, 3643, 3654, 3761, 3796, 3850, 3879, 3884, 3913, 4008, 4168, 4317, 4347, 4498, 4560], 'respiratory': [179, 523, 1065, 4495], 'disorder': [180, 524], 'caused': [181, 525, 3308], 'the': [183, 186, 203, 222, 251, 289, 392, 408, 470, 475, 496, 527, 530, 546, 558, 565, 572, 584, 601, 639, 673, 731, 740, 756, 787, 817, 825, 829, 833, 850, 868, 880, 897, 929, 933, 944, 953, 961, 978, 996, 1027, 1050, 1058, 1091, 1138, 1141, 1161, 1164, 1181, 1184, 1195, 1270, 1276, 1284, 1294, 1299, 1310, 1329, 1333, 1341, 1369, 1387, 1394, 1402, 1411, 1422, 1426, 1430, 1434, 1444, 1448, 1467, 1474, 1515, 1521, 1525, 1529, 1533, 1537, 1549, 1553, 1573, 1576, 1587, 1599, 1602, 1612, 1650, 1671, 1674, 1685, 1697, 1700, 1711, 1724, 1727, 1758, 1769, 1781, 1787, 1791, 1827, 1854, 1861, 1866, 1872, 1878, 1881, 1886, 1892, 1898, 1920, 1923, 1928, 1934, 1947, 1950, 1955, 1958, 1962, 1965, 1969, 2027, 2030, 2080, 2149, 2265, 2595, 2736, 2764, 2946, 2952, 3062, 3082, 3099, 3134, 3146, 3155, 3165, 3213, 3219, 3231, 3248, 3319, 3343, 3370, 3376, 3389, 3427, 3431, 3445, 3464, 3474, 3514, 3516, 3537, 3541, 3580, 3616, 3619, 3668, 3678, 3695, 3702, 3713, 3721, 3724, 3745, 3750, 3758, 3775, 3784, 3811, 3843, 3856, 3869, 3894, 3968, 3973, 4025, 4028, 4052, 4063, 4084, 4096, 4109, 4127, 4130, 4155, 4194, 4208, 4212, 4540, 4582, 4624, 4656, 4816, 4884], 'obstruction': [184, 528, 866, 940, 1199, 1211, 3128, 3139, 3689, 3730, 3763], 'upper': [187, 290, 531, 852, 885, 914, 1142, 1792, 1831, 1855, 1867, 2266, 3669, 3725, 3776, 4280, 4502, 4541, 4557, 4885], 'airway': [188, 274, 291, 532, 746, 775, 789, 826, 843, 870, 886, 965, 980, 1143, 1185, 1203, 1371, 1373, 1389, 1396, 1404, 1413, 1469, 1504, 1512, 1613, 1629, 1639, 1647, 1753, 1789, 1793, 1829, 1832, 1883, 1890, 1925, 1952, 2005, 2014, 2227, 2267, 2384, 2413, 2521, 2744, 2769, 3028, 3047, 3101, 3136, 3233, 3250, 3311, 3321, 3348, 3358, 3364, 3391, 3433, 3466, 3476, 3661, 3670, 3704, 3715, 3738, 3747, 3790, 3801, 3813, 3820, 3823, 4281, 4503, 4558, 4658, 4784, 4818, 4851, 4886, 4943], 'during': [189, 533, 583, 812, 907, 3665, 4283, 4945], 'sleep.': [190, 3666], 'The': [191, 231, 323, 346, 377, 481, 535, 682, 1023, 1086, 1191, 1249, 1518, 1751, 1778, 1808, 2073, 2622, 2943, 2965, 3019, 3560, 4019, 4196, 4650, 4780, 4935, 4977, 5004], 'most': [192], 'common': [193], 'cause': [194, 3691], 'OSA': [197, 210, 237, 538, 563, 614, 657, 696, 784, 793, 860, 872, 956, 984, 1016, 1103, 1158, 1213, 1222, 2001, 3491, 3532, 3826, 3862, 4137, 4150], 'adenotonsillar': [199], 'hypertrophy.': [200, 4690], 'Adenotonsillectomy': [201], 'first-line': [204, 573], 'treatment': [205, 467, 513, 574, 1159, 1245, 4419, 4587], 'for': [206, 233, 253, 394, 456, 515, 575, 612, 932, 943, 998, 1015, 1026, 1043, 1063, 1078, 1122, 1157, 1194, 1246, 1335, 2097, 3023, 3215, 3562, 3582, 3771, 3987, 4011, 4116, 4170, 4174, 4211, 4374, 4418, 4623, 5001, 5018, 5047, 5057, 5080], 'OSA;': [208], 'however,': [209, 4143], 'persists': [211], 'in': [212, 219, 264, 461, 502, 539, 564, 697, 752, 781, 800, 901, 911, 989, 1019, 1075, 1133, 1177, 1218, 1253, 1358, 1386, 1393, 1401, 1410, 1520, 1564, 1659, 1726, 1818, 1824, 1853, 1865, 1875, 1880, 1901, 1907, 1922, 1940, 1949, 2110, 2115, 2166, 2353, 2375, 2394, 2490, 2508, 2531, 2630, 2857, 2874, 2892, 2957, 2962, 3016, 3236, 3240, 3306, 3339, 3438, 3455, 3488, 3501, 3523, 3534, 3536, 3551, 3569, 3618, 3677, 3918, 3933, 4006, 4239, 4248, 4261, 4279, 4286, 4314, 4316, 4344, 4378, 4505, 4528, 4592, 4720, 4826, 4856, 4913, 5051], 'significant': [214, 2190], 'number': [215, 1092, 2065], 'patients': [217, 577, 1002, 1251, 2109, 3307, 3413, 3517, 4827], 'due,': [218], 'part,': [220, 2358, 2380, 2495, 2513], 'method': [223, 248, 473, 477, 493, 1344, 1800, 3798], 'evaluating': [225], 'enlarged': [226, 734], 'tissue.': [230], 'reason': [232], 'these': [234, 717, 1219, 3194, 3839, 3992], 'effects': [235], 'not': [240, 678, 703, 720, 815, 1562, 1657, 2223, 2591, 2761, 3123, 3154, 3567, 3853, 3897, 3923, 4105], 'clear.': [241], 'This': [242, 768, 798, 1305, 1915, 3057, 3441, 3606, 3755, 4203], 'study': [243, 485, 769, 949, 991, 1028, 1196, 1255, 1306, 2112, 3069, 3141, 3442, 3539, 3756, 4015, 4058, 4103, 4115, 4124, 4814], 'aimed': [244], 'establish': [246], 'diagnose': [250], 'need': [252, 997, 1334, 3214, 3561, 3581, 4010], 'adenoidectomy': [254, 453, 499, 508, 999, 1125, 3089, 3216, 3563, 3583, 3640, 3981, 4012, 4417], 'or': [255, 413, 500, 604, 666, 1000, 1112, 1126, 1235, 1242, 1244, 2661, 2941, 2989, 2998, 3087, 3090, 3113, 3181, 3191, 3209, 3217, 3395, 3409, 3462, 3564, 3584, 3632, 3641, 3658, 4013, 4180, 4183, 4369], 'tonsillectomy.Methods:Twenty-seven': [256], 'Japanese': [257], 'children': [258, 462, 540, 742, 753, 782, 791, 937, 1030, 1258, 3241, 3415, 3489, 3503, 3535, 4067, 4117, 4287, 4315, 4506, 4529, 4889], '(mean': [259, 3416, 3504], 'age': [260, 1264, 3417], '6.6': [261, 1265, 3418], 'years)': [262], 'participated': [263], 'this': [265, 484, 948, 990, 1020, 1254, 2111, 2958, 3211, 3261, 3421, 3524, 3625, 3867, 4102, 4141], 'study,': [266, 2959, 3262, 3399, 3868, 4142], 'undergoing': [267], 'polysomnography': [268, 1037], 'computed': [270, 1039, 1542, 4683], 'tomography': [271, 1040, 1543, 4684], 'examination.': [272], 'Pharyngeal': [273], 'morphology': [275, 966, 1139, 2006], '(adenoids': [276], 'size,': [280, 969, 3824], 'volume,': [281, 970, 2009, 2362, 2370, 2385, 2405, 2499, 2517, 2522, 2770, 2852, 2869, 3029, 3903], 'cross-sectional': [283, 972, 1377, 2324, 2457, 2676, 2688, 2701, 2712, 2724, 2750, 2824, 4785], 'area': [284, 973, 1378, 2689, 2702, 2713, 2725, 2751, 4786], '[CSA])': [285, 1379], 'pressure': [287, 312, 379, 810, 836, 976, 1851, 1873, 1884, 1899, 1926, 1938, 1953, 2164, 2173, 2255, 2286, 2351, 2373, 2392, 2417, 2488, 2506, 2529, 2562, 2578, 2596, 2673, 2696, 2707, 2719, 2742, 2855, 2872, 2890, 2928, 2953, 2984, 3054, 3117, 3132, 3256, 3273, 3278, 3312, 3327, 3335, 3365, 3383, 3403, 3450, 3594, 3620, 3675, 3693, 3905, 4944], 'were': [292, 941, 1017, 1233, 1256, 1345, 1416, 1708, 1776, 1943, 1973, 1995, 2075, 2590, 3035, 3206, 3366, 3392, 3414, 3529, 3548, 3558, 3731, 3766, 3779, 3804, 3907, 3931, 4077], 'evaluated': [293, 1357, 1848, 1871, 1897, 1944, 4947], 'at': [294, 828, 837, 1008, 1082, 1838, 1891, 2598, 2698, 2703, 2709, 2714, 2721, 2726, 3055, 3238, 3257, 3313, 3406, 3513], 'each': [295, 381, 395, 884, 2565, 2599, 2747, 2754, 2955, 3008, 3033, 3200, 3788, 3926, 3940, 4175], 'site': [296, 382, 396, 831, 887, 2552, 2566, 2956, 3009, 3034, 3083, 4176, 4526], 'using': [297, 660, 889, 1784, 1826, 3586, 4033, 4596, 4948], 'dynamic': [300], 'analysis.Results:Apnea-hypopnea': [301], 'index': [302, 1052], '(AHI)': [303], 'showed': [304, 653, 1297, 2602, 3142, 3284, 3485, 3607, 3685, 3882, 3916, 4073, 4125], 'strong': [306, 2603, 3267, 3285, 3960], 'linear': [307, 2604], 'association': [308, 646, 690, 2605, 3268, 3286, 3817, 3844, 3857, 3961, 4128], 'with': [309, 578, 754, 783, 792, 916, 1081, 1200, 1836, 2019, 2226, 2546, 2561, 2577, 2594, 3107, 3242, 3281, 3287, 3490, 3878, 3925, 3939, 4068, 4079, 4118, 4149, 4154, 4288, 4507, 4530, 4828, 4890, 4918], 'maximum': [310, 2105, 2480, 2671, 2881], 'negative': [311, 378, 809, 834, 975, 1850, 2191, 2672, 2767, 2882, 3026, 3053, 3116, 3131, 3255, 3272, 3277, 3309, 3326, 3334, 3362, 3382, 3469, 3593, 3674, 3692, 4257, 5071], '(Pmax)': [313, 1852, 2674], '(AHI': [314, 361], '=': [315, 321, 340, 344, 362, 366, 2177, 2183, 2202, 2208, 2214, 2240, 2246, 2274, 2315, 2319, 2323, 2327, 2331, 2336, 2341, 2346, 2350, 2360, 2364, 2368, 2372, 2382, 2387, 2391, 2403, 2407, 2456, 2460, 2464, 2469, 2474, 2479, 2483, 2487, 2497, 2501, 2505, 2515, 2519, 2524, 2528, 2540, 2549, 2568, 2583, 2611, 2617, 2643, 2648, 2819, 2823, 2827, 2831, 2836, 2841, 2846, 2850, 2854, 2863, 2867, 2871, 2880, 2885, 2889, 2917, 2922, 3075, 3506], '−0.055*': [316, 2612], 'events/h': [317, 1111, 2123, 2613], 'Pmax': [318, 330, 368, 1857, 2125, 2175, 2547, 2607, 2614, 2692, 2879, 2903, 3073, 3144, 3159, 3222, 3290], '−1.326,': [319], 'R2': [320, 343, 365, 2616, 2647, 2921], '.805).': [322], 'relationship': [324, 347, 2028, 2623, 2812, 2901, 2966, 3344, 3446, 3609, 3835, 3870, 4781], 'between': [325, 348, 647, 691, 963, 1421, 1723, 1885, 1927, 1954, 2000, 2029, 2151, 2195, 2234, 2412, 2606, 2624, 2731, 2902, 2945, 2967, 3269, 3345, 3355, 3447, 3610, 3818, 3858, 3871, 3887, 3962, 4129, 4681, 4782, 4849], 'minimum': [326, 2328, 2461, 2687, 2828], 'CSA': [327, 385, 393, 1385, 1392, 1400, 1409, 2322, 2332, 2337, 2342, 2455, 2465, 2470, 2475, 2657, 2822, 2832, 2837, 2842, 3031, 3109, 3177, 3187, 3283, 3305, 3448, 3487, 3500, 3527, 3556, 3600, 3628, 3700, 3949, 3997, 4090, 4144, 4173], '(CSAmin)': [328], 'was': [331, 352, 486, 633, 644, 658, 687, 924, 950, 1046, 1055, 1069, 1088, 1104, 1116, 1119, 1144, 1149, 1173, 1216, 1224, 1279, 1303, 1307, 1338, 1352, 1356, 1440, 1470, 1545, 1561, 1656, 1730, 1754, 1794, 1811, 1840, 1916, 2023, 2035, 2054, 2067, 2119, 2126, 2133, 2141, 2159, 2222, 2543, 2558, 2574, 2628, 2906, 2975, 3040, 3084, 3092, 3129, 3153, 3174, 3178, 3246, 3291, 3404, 3451, 3459, 3477, 3509, 3566, 3601, 3650, 3753, 3852, 3876, 3958, 3970, 3977, 3999, 4022, 4031, 4041, 4048, 4059, 4104, 4138, 4145, 4161, 4205], 'represented': [332, 354, 2635, 2907, 2976], 'an': [334, 356, 645, 680, 1107, 2909, 2978, 3816, 3988], 'inversely': [335, 357, 2631, 2910, 2979, 3371], 'proportional': [336, 358, 2632, 2911, 2980, 3372], 'fitted': [337, 359, 2638, 2912, 2981], 'curve': [338, 360, 2639, 2913], '(Pmax': [339], '−4797/CSAmin': [341], '−5.1,': [342, 2920], '.507).': [345], 'CSAmin': [349, 372, 2200, 2326, 2425, 2459, 2557, 2627, 2826, 2905, 2937, 3080, 3163, 3458], 'AHI': [351, 401, 1087, 1108, 1981, 1988, 2118, 2152, 2158, 2221, 2235, 2272, 2314, 2610, 2625, 2642, 2653, 2669, 2681, 2685, 2776, 2781, 2818, 2916, 3022, 3173, 3183, 3270, 3288, 3505, 3872, 3899], 'also': [353, 728, 770, 824, 1713, 2193, 3780, 3901], '301.6': [363, 2644], 'events/h/CSAmin1.22,': [364], '.680).': [367], 'greatly': [369, 794, 3234], 'increased': [370, 383, 2654, 2930, 2985, 2991, 3137, 3468], 'if': [371, 630, 2656, 2936, 2986, 3120, 3699], 'became': [373, 2658, 3184], '≤': [374, 387, 398], '30': [375, 2659, 2939, 2993, 3085, 3189, 3460], 'mm2.': [376, 3605], 'when': [384, 391, 1152, 3098, 3176, 3186, 3199, 3325, 3385, 3531, 3599], 'measured': [386, 1441, 1864, 2040, 2938, 3188, 3405, 3512], '50': [388, 399, 2996, 3111, 3179, 3207, 3407, 3604, 3630, 4178], 'mm2.Conclusions:In': [389], 'children,': [390], 'mm2,': [400, 3511], 'likely': [403], 'be': [405, 555, 3072, 3424, 3635, 3663, 3795, 3985, 4165, 4186], 'elevated,': [406], 'patient': [409, 4085], 'may': [410, 992, 3423, 3662, 3735, 4185], 'require': [411, 722], 'tonsillectomy': [412, 455, 501, 510, 1127, 1241, 3091, 3565, 3585, 3983, 4184, 4415], 'adenoidectomy.Citation:Iwasaki': [414], 'T,': [415, 417, 4520, 4522, 4571, 4639, 4701, 4804, 4843, 4928], 'Sugiyama': [416, 4519], 'Yanagisawa-Minami': [418, 4517], 'A,': [419, 423, 4518, 4645], 'Oku': [420], 'Y,': [421, 4577, 4647, 4800, 4841, 4930], 'Yokura': [422], 'Yamasaki': [424, 4523, 4578], 'Y.': [425, 4524, 4579], 'Effect': [426], 'dynamics.': [442, 4951], 'J': [443, 4294, 4543, 4662, 4692, 4728, 4791, 4832, 4896, 4953], 'Clin': [444, 4544, 4745, 4965, 4984], 'Sleep': [445, 4311, 4511, 4545, 5020, 5069], 'Med.': [446, 4298, 4512, 4546, 4631, 4900], '2020;16(12):2021–2028.BRIEF': [447], 'SUMMARYCurrent': [448], 'Knowledge/Study': [449], 'Rationale:': [450], 'Indication': [451], 'important': [464], 'determine': [466, 488, 495, 3579, 3800, 3815, 3948], 'strategies.': [468], 'However,': [469, 672, 2220, 2585, 3550, 3573, 3733, 3838, 4056], 'adaptive': [471, 491], 'decision': [472], 'current': [476], 'insufficient.Study': [479], 'Impact:': [480], 'purpose': [482, 946], 'new': [490], 'evaluation': [492, 718, 724, 1367, 3998, 4005], 'usefulness': [497], 'OSA.': [504, 636, 711, 3243, 3837, 4055, 4069], 'We': [505, 3778, 3803], 'that': [507, 628, 654, 685, 716, 733, 772, 786, 861, 906, 923, 1298, 2042, 3143, 3198, 3221, 3230, 3247, 3276, 3333, 3444, 3454, 3486, 3499, 3652, 3686, 3881, 3950, 3980, 3996, 4074, 4126], 'can': [511, 895, 3577, 3690], 'improve': [512], 'results': [514, 3528, 3542], 'OSA.INTRODUCTIONObstructive': [517], 'sleep.1': [534], 'prevalence': [536, 4321], 'approximately': [542], '1.2–5.7%.2,3': [543], 'Hypertrophy': [544], 'adenoidal': [547], 'tonsillar': [549, 631, 692, 4224], '(AT)': [551, 2739], 'thought': [553, 840, 4163], 'one': [556], 'primary': [559], 'anatomical': [560], 'causes': [561, 710], 'population.4': [567], 'Therefore,': [568, 700, 814, 854, 3330, 3849, 3942], 'adenotonsillectomy': [569, 611, 4370, 4912], 'considered': [571, 2055, 3568, 3636], 'OSA.4,5': [579], 'AT': [580, 708, 822, 830, 835, 968, 1354, 1364, 2237, 2759, 3012, 3024, 3044, 3151, 3656, 3708, 3831, 3859, 3874, 3888, 3892, 3920, 3935, 3955, 3963, 3974, 4003, 4088, 4133, 4158], 'size': [581, 632, 649, 693, 801, 827, 1302, 1446, 1475, 1491, 1551, 1621, 1759, 3237, 3429, 4021, 4282, 4443], 'assessment': [582, 4739], 'presurgical': [585], 'physical': [586], 'examination': [587, 1136], 'often': [589], 'used': [590, 921, 1047, 1174, 1546, 1731, 1841, 1996, 2024, 2036, 2068], 'as': [591, 761, 804, 1057, 1071, 1090, 1106, 1175, 1363, 1715, 1860, 3160, 3522, 3637, 4167, 4497], 'key': [593], 'component': [594], 'clinical': [596], 'decision-making,': [597], 'specifically': [598], 'estimate': [600], 'potential': [602], 'success': [603, 608], 'failure': [605], 'adenotonsillectomy.The': [607], 'rate': [609], 'variable,': [616], 'ranging': [617, 2092], 'from': [618, 1437, 1514, 1524, 1540, 1649, 1813, 2093, 2992, 3519, 3954, 4043], '27.2': [619], '82.9%.6': [621], 'Nolan': [622, 4434], 'et': [623, 713, 766, 3227, 3496, 3546, 4276, 4309, 4336, 4492, 4706, 4759, 4846, 4878, 4933], 'al7': [624], 'reviewed': [625], '20': [626, 640], 'studies': [627, 641, 676, 1362, 3338, 3380, 3484], 'related': [634], 'Eleven': [637], 'concluded': [642, 684, 3197, 3332, 3995], 'there': [643, 686, 3930, 3957], 'OSA,': [651, 744, 755], 'diagnosis': [655], 'possible': [659], 'varying': [661], 'statistical': [662], 'techniques,': [663], 'either': [664], 'liner': [665], 'logistic': [667], 'regression': [668, 2022, 2034, 3038], 'analysis,': [669], 'correlations.': [671], 'other': [674], '9': [675], 'did': [677, 2760, 3122, 3922], 'find': [679], 'association.': [681], 'review': [683, 1312, 4413, 4439], 'weak': [689, 3885], 'diagnosable': [695], 'patients.': [699, 2072], 'it': [701, 855, 1118, 1215, 1847, 1870, 1896, 3121, 3649, 3944, 3976, 4047], 'clear': [704, 3979], 'what': [706], 'extent': [707], 'enlargement': [709, 820, 2732, 4134], 'Bally': [712], 'al8': [714], 'reported': [715, 3229, 3367, 3381, 3498, 3651], 'methods': [719], 'only': [721, 816, 925, 936, 1121, 1150, 3554, 3841, 3883, 3898], 'further': [723], 'themselves,': [725], 'but': [726, 823, 3323, 3900], 'they': [727], 'must': [729], 'ascertain': [730], 'effect': [732, 4110, 4583, 4651, 4936], 'tonsils': [737, 1667, 1681, 1692, 1707, 1717, 1725, 4741], 'have': [738, 875, 3264, 3341, 4190], 'airway.In': [741], 'without': [743, 938, 3846], 'pharyngeal': [745, 774, 788, 869, 964, 979, 1370, 1388, 1882, 1889, 2004, 2013, 2383, 2520, 3046, 3100, 3135, 3232, 3249, 3310, 3320, 3357, 3363, 3390, 3432, 3465, 3475, 3660, 3696, 3703, 3714, 3789, 3812, 3819, 3822, 4657, 4817, 4850, 4942], 'volume': [747, 757, 778, 1182, 1374, 2573, 2745, 3006, 3048], '29,718.6': [749], 'mm3,': [750, 760], '17,387.4': [759], 'Van': [764, 3494, 3544, 4484, 4489], 'Holsbeke': [765, 3495, 3545, 4485], 'al.9': [767], 'small': [777, 3304, 3655, 4919], 'characteristic': [780], 'narrows': [795], 'upon': [796], 'inhalation.1': [797], 'decrease': [799], 'regarded': [803], 'consequence': [806], 'major': [808, 3115, 3673], 'occurring': [811], 'inhalation.10': [813], 'degree': [818, 4131, 4156], 'inhalation': [838, 1839, 3239], 'are': [839, 2113, 2960], 'influence': [842, 1913, 2045, 3064, 3148, 3167], 'obstruction.11OSA': [844], 'reflects': [846], 'ventilation': [847, 881, 930, 1766, 1782, 3722, 3739, 3751, 3772, 3785, 3952, 4590, 4854], 'condition': [848, 882, 931, 1783, 3752, 3786, 3953, 4855], 'whole': [851], 'airway.': [853, 1856, 1868, 3777, 4542], 'necessary': [857], 'investigate': [859], 'involves': [862], 'nasal': [863, 934, 939, 1198, 1202, 1210, 1770, 1788, 1809, 1828, 3127, 3347, 3352, 3688, 3729, 3737, 3746, 3762, 4710, 4783, 4788, 4981], 'obstruction.': [864, 3282], 'Increased': [865], 'affects': [871], 'severity.Recently,': [873], 'we': [874, 920, 3196, 3263, 3331, 3574, 3576, 3765, 3915, 3994], 'been': [876, 1381], 'able': [877, 926, 3767, 3781, 3805, 4060, 4106], 'evaluate': [879, 896, 928, 1843, 1998, 3749, 3769, 3783], '(CFD).10': [893], 'CFD': [894, 922, 1785, 1825, 1837, 1990, 3590, 3770, 3792, 3808], 'flow': [898, 1821, 3439, 4982], 'air': [900], 'manner': [903], 'similar': [904, 3374, 3452, 4114], 'actual': [908], 'breathing,': [909], 'even': [910, 3119, 3653, 3698, 3740], 'cases': [912, 1123, 1220, 3727, 3917, 3932], 'airways': [915], 'complicated': [917], 'morphologies.12': [918], 'As': [919, 3170, 3912], 'airway,': [935, 1712, 1771, 2348, 2366, 2389, 2485, 2503, 2526, 2848, 2865, 2887, 3697, 3726], 'selected': [942], 'study.The': [945], 'identify': [952], 'factors': [954], 'influencing': [955], 'disease': [957, 985, 4151], 'investigating': [960], 'relationships': [962, 1999], '(eg,': [967, 1124], '[CSA]),': [974], 'CFD,': [982], 'severity.': [986, 4449], 'Factors': [987], 'identified': [988], 'help': [993], 'predict': [995], 'tonsillectomy.METHODSPatientsThirty-three': [1001], '(25': [1003], 'boys,': [1004, 1260], '8': [1005], 'girls)': [1006], 'treated': [1007], 'national': [1010], 'university': [1011], 'hospital': [1012], '(Yamanashi,': [1013], 'Japan)': [1014], 'included': [1018, 1029, 1197, 1252], 'retrospective': [1021, 1331], 'study.': [1022, 3525, 4350, 4864], 'inclusion': [1024], 'criteria': [1025, 1193], 'aged': [1031], '3–13': [1032], 'years': [1033, 3419], 'who': [1034], 'had': [1035, 1380, 2043, 3061, 3104, 3145, 3164, 4016], 'undergone': [1036], '(CT)': [1041], 'scan': [1042, 1148, 1154, 1343], 'diagnosis.': [1044], 'Polysomnography': [1045], 'measure': [1049], 'apnea-hypopnea': [1051, 2316, 2820], '(AHI).': [1053], 'Apnea': [1054, 5021], 'defined': [1056, 1070, 1105, 1859], 'complete': [1059], 'cessation': [1060], 'airflow': [1062, 1077, 4064], '2': [1064, 2253, 2410], 'cycles,': [1066], 'hypopnea': [1068, 1096], '50%': [1073], 'reduction': [1074], 'oronasal': [1076], '10': [1079, 2071], 'seconds': [1080], 'least': [1083], '3%': [1084], 'desaturation.': [1085], 'calculated': [1089, 1812], 'events': [1097], 'per': [1098], 'hour': [1099], 'sleep.13': [1101], 'Severe': [1102], '15': [1110], 'more.': [1113], 'CT': [1114, 1147, 1153, 1342, 1438, 3520, 4035, 4039, 4045], 'scanning': [1115], 'nonroutine;': [1117], 'performed': [1120, 1151, 3041, 4032], 'candidate,': [1128], 'severe': [1129, 3185, 3687], 'maxillofacial': [1130, 4718], 'form': [1131, 3716, 4719], 'abnormality)': [1132], 'which': [1134, 3059, 3067, 3719, 3919, 3934], 'detailed': [1135], 'needed.': [1145], 'A': [1146, 1166, 2189, 2229, 4113, 4472, 4619, 4860], 'data': [1155, 1972, 2633, 3684, 4040, 4071], 'required': [1156, 1300], 'outweighed': [1160], 'risk': [1162, 4323], 'radiation.': [1165], 'craniocervical': [1167], 'inclination': [1168], '95°': [1170], '105°': [1172], 'seen': [1176, 4191], 'previous': [1178, 1274, 3297, 3456, 3552, 3644], 'work,14': [1179], 'because': [1180, 3289, 3764, 3943], 'influenced': [1187, 3293], 'head': [1189, 4653], 'posture.': [1190], 'exclusion': [1192], 'resistance': [1204, 1810], 'greater': [1205, 2044], 'than': [1206, 2933, 3603, 4002, 4153], '0.5': [1207], 'Pa/ml/sec.': [1208], 'Because': [1209, 3411, 4037], 'affected': [1212, 3175, 3336], 'severity,': [1214], 'unclear': [1217], 'whether': [1221], 'due': [1225, 3252, 3425, 3479], 'adenoid': [1227, 1435, 1484, 1490, 1538, 1569, 1583, 1594, 1609, 1908, 4689], 'or/and': [1228], 'hypertrophy.15,16': [1230], 'Other': [1231], 'exclusions': [1232], 'craniofacial': [1234], 'growth': [1236, 1355], 'abnormalities,': [1237], 'history': [1239], 'adenoidectomy,': [1243], 'systematic': [1247, 4412], 'disease.': [1248], 'final': [1250, 5052], '27': [1257], '(21': [1259], '6': [1261], 'girls;': [1262], 'mean': [1263, 3555], '±': [1266, 2121, 2128, 2135, 2143], '2.2': [1267], 'years).': [1268], 'On': [1269], 'basis': [1271], 'study,10': [1275], 'correlation': [1277, 1295, 1992, 2150, 2192, 2232, 2269, 2303, 2306, 3886], 'coefficient': [1278, 1296, 2270], 'set': [1280, 1288], '.60.': [1282], 'With': [1283, 4469], 'significance': [1285], 'power': [1287], '.05': [1290, 2053], '.80,': [1292], 'respectively,': [1293], 'sample': [1301, 4020], '20.': [1304], 'approved': [1308, 4193], 'institutional': [1311], 'board': [1313], 'University,': [1316, 1324], '(180073': [1318], '(657)': [1319], 'Epi-ver.': [1320], '5)': [1321], '(1594).': [1326], 'Due': [1327], "study's": [1330], 'nature,': [1332], 'informed': [1336], 'consent': [1337], 'waived.MethodPolysomnography': [1339], 'previously': [1346, 1382, 1801], 'reported.10': [1347, 1383], 'Adenoid': [1348, 2131, 2778, 2788, 2798, 2808], 'hypertrophy': [1351], 'evaluated.': [1353], 'reference': [1359], 'past': [1361, 4123], 'grade.15,16,17,18': [1365], 'Morphological': [1366], '(pharyngeal': [1372], '[PAv]': [1375], 'Minimum': [1384], '(CSAmin),': [1390], 'smallest': [1391, 1399, 1408], 'nasopharyngeal': [1395, 1468, 1503, 1511, 2347, 2484, 2847], '(NA)': [1397], '(CSANA),': [1398], 'retropalatal': [1403, 2388, 2525, 2886], '(RA)': [1405], '(CSARA),': [1406], 'oropharyngeal': [1412, 1628, 1638, 1646, 1752, 2365, 2502, 2864], '(OA)': [1414], '(CSAOA)': [1415], 'all': [1417, 2039, 2049, 2098, 3622], 'measured.AdenoidsThe': [1418], 'midsagittal': [1419, 1522], 'plane': [1420, 1523, 1626, 1636, 1729, 1930], 'posterior': [1423, 1526], 'outline': [1424, 1527], 'soft': [1427, 1530, 1935, 1959], 'palate': [1428, 1531, 1960], 'closest': [1431, 1506, 1534, 1631, 1641], 'point': [1432, 1535], 'images': [1439, 1544], 'classify': [1443, 1548, 1733], 'relative': [1445, 1489, 1550, 1618, 1735], 'into': [1450, 1555, 1737], '5': [1451, 1738], 'grades': [1452, 1739], '(': [1453], 'Figure': [1454, 1456, 1458, 1460, 1463, 1742, 1744, 1746, 1749, 1806, 2963, 3017], '1A,': [1455], '1B,': [1457], '1C,': [1459], '1D,': [1461], '1E).': [1464, 1807], 'In': [1465, 3397, 3624, 3866, 3928, 4100, 4140], 'addition,': [1466, 4101], 'visualized': [1471, 1755], 'reversing': [1473, 1757], 'modeling': [1479, 1763], 'three-dimensionally.15Figure': [1480], '1:': [1481], 'Measurement': [1482, 1616], 'size.Measurement': [1487], '(A–E).': [1492], 'Upper': [1493, 1623], 'figure:': [1494, 1509, 1624, 1634, 1644], 'mid': [1495], 'sagittal': [1496], 'plane.': [1497, 1894], 'Middle': [1498, 1633], 'figures:': [1499], 'cross': [1500, 3050, 3349, 3359, 3386], 'section': [1501, 3350], 'part.': [1507, 1632, 1642], 'Lower': [1508, 1643], 'three-dimensional': [1510, 1645, 1833, 3587], 'model': [1513, 1648, 1834, 4030, 4622], 'right': [1516, 1651], 'rear.': [1517, 1652], 'distance': [1519, 1722], 'cone-beam': [1541, 4682], 'five': [1556], 'groups.': [1557], '(A)': [1558], 'Grade': [1559, 1567, 1581, 1592, 1607, 1654, 1665, 1679, 1690, 1705], 'I': [1560, 1655], 'present': [1563, 1658, 3301, 3538], 'adenoid.': [1565], '(B)': [1566, 2729], 'II': [1568, 4722], 'extended': [1570, 1584, 1595, 1668, 1682, 1693], 'quarter': [1571, 1669], 'way': [1574, 1600, 1672, 1698], 'midline': [1577, 1588, 1603, 1675, 1686, 1701], '(yellow': [1578, 1589, 1604, 1676, 1687, 1702], 'arrow).': [1579, 1590, 1605, 1615, 1677, 1688, 1703], '(C)': [1580], 'IIl': [1582], 'halfway': [1585, 1683], '(D)': [1591], 'IV': [1593, 1691], 'three': [1596, 1694], 'quarters': [1597, 1695], '(E)': [1606], 'V': [1608, 1706], 'partially': [1610], 'occluded': [1611], '(red': [1614, 1718], 'palatine': [1619, 1662, 1910, 1970, 2399, 2536, 2737, 2897, 4266], '(F–J).': [1622], 'coronal': [1625], 'horizontal': [1635], '(F)': [1653], 'hyperplasia': [1660], 'tonsil.': [1663], '(G)': [1664], 'lI': [1666], '(H)': [1678], 'III': [1680, 4725], '(I)': [1689], '(J)': [1704], 'completely': [1709], 'obstructing': [1710], 'known': [1714], '"kissing"': [1716], 'arrow).Download': [1719], 'FigureTonsilsThe': [1720], 'narrowest': [1721], 'midcoronal': [1728], 'their': [1734], 'sizes': [1736], '(Figure': [1740, 1803, 2608, 2640, 2914, 3095, 3910], '1F,': [1741], '1G,': [1743], '1H,': [1745], '1I,': [1747], '1J).': [1750], 'three-dimensionally.18Evaluations': [1764], 'conditions': [1767, 3773, 4591], 'NA,': [1772, 2334, 2467, 2834], 'RA,': [1773, 2344, 2477, 2844], 'OA': [1775, 1941, 2167, 2363, 2369, 2376, 2500, 2509, 2516, 2588, 2722, 2727, 2862, 2868, 2875, 4249], 'conducted.': [1777], 'analysis': [1779, 3039, 4026, 4091, 4538], 'carried': [1795], 'out': [1796], 'according': [1797], 'reported10': [1802], '1D': [1804], 'external': [1814], 'naris,': [1815], 'choanal': [1816], 'difference': [1817, 1879, 1906, 1921, 1948], 'pressure,': [1819, 2768, 2883, 3003, 3027, 3470, 3821], 'quantity': [1822], 'obtained': [1823, 1835, 3530], 'model.The': [1830], 'multiple': [1844, 3105], 'values.': [1845, 2032], 'First,': [1846], 'maximal': [1849], 'largest': [1862], 'value': [1863, 2016], 'Second,': [1869], 'change': [1874, 1900, 2563, 2579, 2597, 2708, 2720, 3401, 3437, 3617], 'NA': [1876, 2345, 2354, 2361, 2482, 2491, 2498, 2572, 2581, 2699, 2704, 2845, 2851, 2858, 4240], '(ΔNA),': [1877], 'choana': [1887], 'palatal': [1893, 1929], 'Third,': [1895], 'RA': [1902, 2386, 2395, 2404, 2523, 2532, 2541, 2586, 2710, 2715, 2884, 2893, 4262], '(ΔRA),': [1903], 'where': [1904, 2396, 2533, 2894, 4263], 'length': [1912], 'pressure.': [1914], 'calculating': [1919, 1946], 'pharynx': [1924, 1951], 'tip': [1932, 1956], 'palate.': [1936], 'Finally,': [1937], 'changes': [1939, 2165, 2352, 2374, 2393, 2489, 2507, 2530, 2697, 2856, 2873, 2891, 3906, 4238, 4247, 4260], '(ΔOA)': [1942, 2172], 'bottom': [1963], 'epiglottis,': [1966], 'equivalent': [1967], 'tonsil.StatisticsAll': [1971], 'analyzed': [1974], 'blindly.': [1975], 'Depending': [1976], 'distribution,': [1978], "Pearson's": [1979], '(using': [1980, 1987], 'morphological': [1983, 2154, 2257, 2414, 3588], 'values)': [1984, 1991], 'Spearman': [1986], 'coefficients': [1993], '(Rs)': [1994], '(AHI),': [2003], '(AT': [2007], 'grade,': [2008, 3025, 3045, 3893, 3956, 3975], 'CSA),': [2011], 'functional': [2015, 2262], '(pressure': [2017], 'CFD).': [2020], 'Nonlinear': [2021], 'describe': [2026], 'measurement': [2031, 2665], 'Multiple': [2033], 'examine': [2038, 3043, 4108], 'values': [2041, 2155, 2415, 3020, 3557, 3895, 4076], 'AHI.': [2047, 3150, 3966, 3990, 4080], 'For': [2048, 2058, 3681], 'tests,': [2050], 'P': [2051, 2179, 2185, 2204, 2210, 2216, 2242, 2248, 2619, 2650, 2924, 3077], '<': [2052, 2180, 2186, 2205, 2211, 2217, 2243, 2249, 2309, 2312, 2450, 2453, 2620, 2651, 2925, 3078], 'statistically': [2056, 3845], 'significant.': [2057], 'intra-': [2059, 2084], 'interexaminer': [2061, 2086], 'reliability,': [2062], 'random': [2064], 'generator': [2066], 'select': [2070], 'measurements': [2074], 'repeated': [2076], '1': [2077, 2147, 2259], 'week': [2078], 'after': [2079, 3741, 4822], 'initial': [2081], 'measurements.': [2082], 'Both': [2083], 'reliability': [2087], 'tests': [2088], 'exhibited': [2089, 3467], 'high': [2090], 'correlations': [2091], '0.965': [2094], '0.981': [2096], 'measures.RESULTSThe': [2099], 'mean,': [2100], 'standard': [2101, 2408], 'deviation,': [2102], 'minimum,': [2103], 'characteristics': [2107, 4053], 'listed': [2114], 'Table': [2116, 2146, 2252], '1.': [2117], '7.38': [2120], '7.00': [2122], '−159.30': [2127], '114.87': [2129], 'Pa.': [2130], 'grade': [2132, 2140, 2238, 2291, 2293, 2757, 3013, 3152, 3657, 3709, 3832, 3860, 3875, 3889, 3921, 3936, 3964, 4004], '3.41': [2134], '0.93': [2136], 'degrees': [2137], '4.07': [2142], '0.96': [2144], 'degrees.': [2145], 'describes': [2148, 2254], 'pressures.': [2157], 'significantly': [2160, 2224, 2230, 2544, 2559, 2575, 2592], 'negatively': [2161], 'correlated': [2162, 2225, 2545, 2560, 2576, 2593, 4078], 'corresponding': [2168, 2355, 2377, 2492, 2510, 2600, 2859, 2876, 2973, 4241, 4250], 'part': [2171], '(Rs': [2176, 2201, 2239, 2548, 2567, 2582], '−.838,': [2178, 2184], '.001,': [2181, 2187], 'Rs': [2182, 2207, 2213, 2245], 'respectively).': [2188, 2219, 2251], 'existed': [2194, 2233], 'AHI,': [2196, 2741, 3002, 3066, 3225, 3718], 'CSANA,': [2197, 2554, 2947, 2968, 2987, 3202, 3611], 'CSARA,': [2198, 2555, 2948, 2969, 2988, 3203, 3612], '−.384,': [2203], '.048,': [2206], '−.442,': [2209], '.021,': [2212], '−.485,': [2215], '.010,': [2218], 'volumes.': [2228], 'positive': [2231], '−.427,': [2241], '.026,': [2244], '−.399,': [2247], '.039,': [2250], 'values.Table': [2258], 'Morphologic': [2260], 'variable': [2263], '(n': [2273], '27).MinMaxMeanSDAHI': [2275], 'Correlation': [2276], 'CoefficientsPAge': [2277], '(years)3.7013.106.622.26——Height': [2278], '(cm)91.90153.40116.8816.35——Body': [2279], 'weight': [2280], '(Kg)12.1054.0024.0110.74——BMI': [2281], '(kg/mm2)12.6023.1016.802.95——Percentiles': [2282], 'BMI': [2283, 2318], '(%ile)0.1098.2054.2334.83——AHI': [2284], '(events/h)1.1036.307.387.00——Max': [2285], '(Pa)†−576.00−50.00−159.30114.87−.838**.000ΔNA': [2287], '(Pa)†−310.002.00−43.4981.39−.220.271ΔRA': [2288], '(Pa)†−210.001.00−30.2444.59−.301.127ΔOA': [2289], '(Pa)†−170.90−0.70−51.8751.90−.838**.000Adenoid': [2290], '(degree)†1.005.003.410.93.427*.026Tonsil': [2292], '(degree)†1.005.004.070.96.399*.039NAv': [2294], '(cm3)††0.404.501.541.05−.148.461RAv': [2295], '(cm3)††0.704.502.050.88−.106.600OAv': [2296], '(cm3)††0.306.702.151.39−.131.514PAv': [2297], '(cm3)††1.7010.404.211.78−.082.685CSANA': [2298], '(mm2)††16.30327.90106.2476.40−.384*.048CSARA': [2299], '(mm2)††19.80178.9074.6243.31−.442*.021CSAOA': [2300], '(mm2)††15.80208.0061.4545.03.054.788CSAmin': [2301], '(mm2)††15.80178.9044.1433.79−.485*.010†Spearman': [2302], 'coefficient;': [2304, 2307], '††Pearson': [2305], '*P': [2308], '.05;': [2310, 2451], '**P': [2311, 2452], '.01.': [2313, 2454], 'index,': [2317, 2321, 2821], 'body-mass': [2320], 'area,': [2325, 2458, 2825], 'CSA,': [2329, 2462, 2829, 3004, 3902], 'CSANA': [2330, 2428, 2463, 2786, 2830], 'CSAOA': [2335, 2434, 2468, 2791, 2835, 2971, 2990, 3205, 3614], 'OA,': [2339, 2472, 2839], 'CSARA': [2340, 2431, 2473, 2840], 'ΔNA': [2349, 2486, 2796, 2853], 'NAv': [2359, 2441, 2496, 2806], 'OAv': [2367, 2447, 2514, 2814, 2866], 'ΔOA': [2371, 2504, 2801, 2870], 'PAv': [2381, 2438, 2518], 'ΔRA': [2390, 2527, 2888], 'influence,': [2401, 2538], 'RAv': [2402, 2444, 2539], 'SD': [2406], 'deviation.Table': [2409], 'Relationship': [2411, 2667, 2678, 2773, 4848], 'drop.Max': [2418], 'Pressure': [2419, 5016], '(Pa)ΔNA': [2420], '(Pa)ΔRA': [2421], '(Pa)ΔOA': [2422], '(Pa)CSA': [2423], '(mm2)': [2424], '(mm2).849**.306.544**.550**': [2426], 'P.000.121.003.003': [2427], '(mm2).503**.853**.275−.189': [2429], 'P.008.000.165.345': [2430], '(mm2).558**.290.842**.493**': [2432], 'P.002.143.000.009': [2433], '(mm2).431*−.223.414*.865**': [2435], 'P.025.264.032.000Volume': [2436], '(cm3)': [2437], '(cm3).225.509**.134−.123': [2439], 'P.258.007.504.540': [2440], '(cm3).234.743**.046−.439*': [2442], 'P.240.000.819.022': [2443], '(cm3).183.435*.099−.149': [2445], 'P.361.023.623.458': [2446], '(cm3).140.200.029.056': [2448], 'P.486.318.885.780*P': [2449], 'Max': [2478], 'value,': [2481], 'volume.CSAmin': [2542], '.849).': [2550], 'Each': [2551, 2756], '.853,': [2569], '.842,': [2570], '.865).': [2571], '.743).': [2584], 'volumes': [2589], 'site.AHI': [2601], '2A-a,': [2609], '−1.326': [2615], '.805,': [2618], '.001).': [2621, 2652], 'shown': [2629, 2961, 3015, 3342], '2A-b,': [2641], 'events/h/CSAmin': [2645, 2919], '11.22,': [2646], '.680,': [2649], 'suddenly': [2655], 'mm2': [2660, 2940, 2994, 2997, 3086, 3112, 3180, 3190, 3208, 3394, 3408, 3461, 3631, 4179], 'less.Figure': [2662], '2:': [2663], 'Relationships': [2664, 3354, 4708], 'variables.(A)': [2666], 'area.': [2677], '(A-a)': [2680], 'Pmax;': [2683], '(A-b)': [2684], '(CSAmin);': [2690], '(A-c)': [2691], 'CSAmin;': [2694], '(A-d)': [2695], 'site;': [2705, 2716], '(A-e)': [2706], '(A-f)': [2718], 'site.': [2728, 2755, 3791], 'Association': [2730, 4462], 'change,': [2743], 'site,': [2748], '(CSA)': [2752], 'correlate': [2762], 'variables': [2765], '(AHI,': [2766], 'CSA).': [2772], '(B-a)': [2775], 'grade;': [2779, 2784, 2789, 2794, 2799, 2804, 2809], '(B-b)': [2780], '(B-c)': [2785], '(B-d)': [2790], '(B-e)': [2795], '(B-f)': [2800], '(B-g)': [2805], '(B-h)': [2811], 'grade.': [2817], 'Nav': [2849], 'adenoids,': [2861, 4712], 'tonsil,': [2878], 'influence.Download': [2899], 'FigureThe': [2900], '2A-c,': [2915], '−4797': [2918], '.507,': [2923], '.01).': [2926], 'Negative': [2927, 2983], 'quickly': [2929], 'more': [2932, 4000, 4146], '−120': [2934], 'Pa': [2935], 'less.': [2942, 3182, 3192, 3410], 'distributions': [2944, 3000], 'CSAOA,': [2950], '2A-d–f.': [2964], 'pressures': [2974], 'curve.': [2982], 'less.The': [2999], 'compared': [3010], '2B-a–h.': [3018], 'widely': [3036, 3909], 'distributed.Multiple': [3037], 'section,': [3051], 'inhalation.': [3056, 3258, 3314], 'endpoint': [3060], 'greatest': [3063, 3147, 3156, 3166], 'our': [3068, 3300, 3398, 3412, 3683, 4057], 'revealed': [3070], '(β': [3074], '0.889,': [3076], '.001).When': [3079], 'less,': [3088, 3114, 3210, 3463, 4181], 'usually': [3093], 'completed': [3094], '2A-b–c).': [3096], 'Furthermore,': [3097], '(including': [3102], 'AT)': [3103], 'sites': [3106], 'measuring': [3110], 'increased,': [3118], 'occur': [3124], 'alone.': [3125], 'When': [3126, 3667, 3712, 3967, 4172], 'severe,': [3130], 'occurred.DISCUSSIONThis': [3140], 'influencer': [3157], 'expected.': [3161], 'Instead,': [3162], 'Pmax.': [3169], 'result,': [3172, 3914], 'From': [3193, 3296, 3991], 'results,': [3195, 3302, 3993], "site's": [3201], 'indicated': [3212, 3986], 'tonsillectomy.Concerning': [3218], 'influences': [3220, 3951], 'has': [3223], 'Arens': [3226, 4270, 4551, 4872], 'al1': [3228], 'decreased': [3235], 'Their': [3244], 'hypothesis': [3245], 'shrank': [3251], 'great': [3254], 'Based': [3259], 'found': [3265], 'associated': [3280, 3938, 4148], 'heavily': [3292], 'CSA.': [3295, 3927, 3941, 4099], 'reports1,10': [3298], 'During': [3315], 'sleep,': [3316], 'muscles': [3317], 'relax': [3322], 'collapse': [3324, 3472], 'large.': [3329], 'AHI.Previous': [3337], 'adults': [3340], 'resistance.19': [3353], 'constricted': [3356], 'sections': [3360, 3387], 'show': [3369], 'relationship,': [3373], 'earlier': [3377], 'study.20,21': [3378], 'Previous': [3379, 3483, 4992], 'increases': [3384], '100': [3393], 'less.20,21': [3396], 'old),': [3420], 'discrepancy': [3422], 'smaller': [3428], 'subsequent': [3436], 'rate.': [3440], 'studies.20,21When': [3457], 'expected': [3478], 'muscle': [3481], 'relaxation.': [3482], 'small.9,22': [3493], 'al9': [3497, 3547], 'Belgian': [3502], '8.7': [3507], 'events/h)': [3508], '17.9': [3510], 'time': [3515], 'awoke': [3518], 'sedation,': [3521], 'Similar': [3526], 'compared.': [3549], 'studies,9,22': [3553], 'shown.': [3559], 'every': [3570], 'case': [3571], 'individually.': [3572], 'believe': [3575], 'easily': [3578], 'evaluations.': [3591], 'Additionally,': [3592], 'tended': [3595], 'moderately': [3597], 'increase': [3598], 'less': [3602, 3633, 3978], 'parts.': [3623], 'case,': [3626], 'should': [3634], 'indication': [3638], 'tonsillectomy.In': [3642], 'drug-induced': [3645], 'endoscopy': [3647], 'study,23': [3648], 'large': [3659, 3706], 'obstructed': [3664], 'obstructed,': [3672], 'occurs': [3676], 'lower': [3679], 'airway.10,24': [3680], 'example,': [3682], 'small.': [3711], 'reflected': [3720], 'excluded.': [3732], 'affect': [3736], 'conventional': [3742], 'rhinomanometry.25,26': [3743], 'Isolating': [3744], 'difficult.': [3754], 'excluded': [3757], 'possibility': [3759], 'proved': [3793], 'useful': [3797, 4166], 'ventilation.': [3802], 'use': [3807], 'analyze': [3810], 'severity.Several': [3827], 'epidemiologic': [3828], 'studies6–8': [3829, 3840], 'examined': [3830, 3842], 'its': [3834], 'discussing': [3847], 'mechanism.': [3848], 'consensus': [3851], 'reached': [3854], 'concerning': [3855], 'until': [3864], 'now.': [3865], 'examined,': [3877], 'result': [3880], 'AHI.For': [3891], 'distributed': [3908], '2B-c–h).': [3911], 'associate': [3924], 'contrast,': [3929], 'strongly': [3937], 'difficult': [3946, 4049], 'no': [3959, 4199], 'extraction': [3969], 'based': [3971], 'would': [3984], 'elevated': [3989], 'effective': [4001], 'determining': [4007], "patient's": [4009], 'tonsillectomy.This': [4014], 'several': [4017], 'limitations.': [4018], 'small,': [4023], 'rigid': [4029], 'awakening': [4034, 4038], 'data.': [4036], 'different': [4042], 'data,': [4046], 'define': [4051], 'characterize': [4062], 'properties': [4065], 'These': [4070], 'clearly': [4072], 'CFD-evaluated': [4075], 'Further': [4081], 'research': [4082], 'comparing': [4083], 'outcomes': [4086], 'warranted': [4093], 'confirm': [4095], 'efficacy': [4097], 'obesity.': [4112], 'obesity': [4119], 'necessary.Clinical': [4121], 'implicationsThe': [4122], 'weak.': [4139], 'closely': [4147], 'enlargement,': [4159], 'therefore,': [4162], 'criterion': [4169], 'AT.': [4171], 'equals': [4177], 'adenectomy': [4182], 'necessary.DISCLOSURE': [4187], 'STATEMENTAll': [4188], 'authors': [4189, 4197, 5077], 'manuscript.': [4195], 'report': [4198], 'conflicts': [4200], 'interest.': [4202], 'work': [4204], 'supported': [4206], 'Society': [4210], 'Promotion': [4213], 'Science': [4215, 5000, 5002, 5024], '(JSPS)': [4216], 'KAKENHI': [4217], '(17K11965,': [4218], '18K09860,': [4219], '20K10230).ABBREVIATIONSAHIapnea-hypopnea': [4221], 'indexATadenoidal': [4222], 'tissueCFDcomputational': [4225], 'dynamicsCSAcross-sectional': [4227], 'areaCSAminminimum': [4228], 'CSACSANACSA': [4229], 'NACSAOACSA': [4231], 'OACSARACSA': [4233], 'RACTcomputed': [4235], 'tomographyNAnasopharyngeal': [4236], 'airwayΔNApressure': [4237], 'partNAvNA': [4244], 'volumeOAoropharyngeal': [4245], 'airwayΔOApressure': [4246], 'partOAvOA': [4253], 'volumeOSAobstructive': [4254], 'apneaPmaxmaximum': [4256], 'pressureRAretropalatal': [4258], 'airwayΔRApressure': [4259], 'influenceRAvRA': [4268], 'volumeREFERENCES1.': [4269], 'R,': [4271, 4552, 4873], 'Sin': [4272], 'S,': [4273, 4641, 4808], 'McDonough': [4274, 4874], 'JM,': [4275, 4875], 'al..': [4277, 4310, 4337, 4493, 4707, 4760, 4847, 4879, 4934], 'Changes': [4278], 'tidal': [4284], 'breathing': [4285, 4313, 4377], 'syndrome.': [4292, 4425, 4628, 4894], 'Am': [4293, 4691, 4727, 4790, 4895], 'Respir': [4295, 4897], 'Crit': [4296, 4898], 'Care': [4297, 4899], '2005;171(11):1298–1304.': [4299], 'https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200411-1597OC': [4300], 'CrossrefGoogle': [4301, 4328, 4354, 4401, 4432, 4456, 4482, 4515, 4566, 4611, 4636, 4668, 4698, 4734, 4750, 4770, 4797, 4838, 4870, 4903, 4925, 4958, 4971, 4990], 'Scholar2.': [4302], 'Bixler': [4303], 'EO,': [4304], 'Vgontzas': [4305], 'AN,': [4306], 'Lin': [4307, 4407], 'HM,': [4308], 'disordered': [4312], 'general': [4318], 'population': [4319], 'sample:': [4320], 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