Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3039179563', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15400', 'title': 'Supply chain failures amid Covid‐19 signal a new pillar for global health preparedness', 'display_name': 'Supply chain failures amid Covid‐19 signal a new pillar for global health preparedness', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-07-03', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3039179563', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15400', 'mag': '3039179563', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32620038', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7361462'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15400', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S180106345', 'display_name': 'Journal of Clinical Nursing', 'issn_l': '0962-1067', 'issn': ['0962-1067', '1365-2702'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'editorial', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15400', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062057702', 'display_name': 'Tinglong Dai', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-5153'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'display_name': 'Johns Hopkins University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00za53h95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Tinglong Dai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA', 'School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101592322', 'display_name': 'Muhammad H. Zaman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3723-5431'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I111088046', 'display_name': 'Boston University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05qwgg493', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I111088046']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Muhammad H. Zaman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I111088046']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082725876', 'display_name': 'William V. Padula', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1174212', 'display_name': 'University of Southern California', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03taz7m60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1174212']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'William V. Padula', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmaceutical & Health Economics, School of Pharmacy Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmaceutical & Health Economics, School of Pharmacy Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1174212']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5084745426', 'display_name': 'Patricia M. Davidson', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-1534'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'display_name': 'Johns Hopkins University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00za53h95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Patricia M. Davidson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5062057702', 'https://openalex.org/A5084745426'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'https://openalex.org/I145311948'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4940, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4940, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 33, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99729, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '30', 'issue': '1-2', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12920', 'display_name': 'Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management', 'score': 0.9739, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12920', 'display_name': 'Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management', 'score': 0.9739, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11864', 'display_name': 'Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management', 'score': 0.9702, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10804', 'display_name': 'Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life', 'score': 0.9411, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/preparedness', 'display_name': 'Preparedness', 'score': 0.55551976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/prosperity', 'display_name': 'Prosperity', 'score': 0.5295587}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/scarcity', 'display_name': 'Scarcity', 'score': 0.5108747}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108713360', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206', 'display_name': 'Supply chain', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.77063596}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.62305844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160735492', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207', 'display_name': 'Health care', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58740765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777042776', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4583103', 'display_name': 'Preparedness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55551976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776554220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760011', 'display_name': 'Prosperity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5295587}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109747225', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758', 'display_name': 'Scarcity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5108747}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29122968', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816', 'display_name': 'Incentive', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48438033}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162853370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809', 'display_name': 'Marketing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.301924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27696738}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20969483}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187736073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921', 'display_name': 'Management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15400', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S180106345', 'display_name': 'Journal of Clinical Nursing', 'issn_l': '0962-1067', 'issn': ['0962-1067', '1365-2702'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7361462', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7361462?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7361462', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32620038', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15400', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S180106345', 'display_name': 'Journal of Clinical Nursing', 'issn_l': '0962-1067', 'issn': ['0962-1067', '1365-2702'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'No poverty', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1', 'score': 0.64}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 8, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2175162307', 'https://openalex.org/W2209580162', 'https://openalex.org/W2911749517', 'https://openalex.org/W3017173503', 'https://openalex.org/W3020823198', 'https://openalex.org/W3021867649', 'https://openalex.org/W3040134760', 'https://openalex.org/W3122437222'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4390466743', 'https://openalex.org/W4388712696', 'https://openalex.org/W3189241911', 'https://openalex.org/W3144844674', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2514561108', 'https://openalex.org/W2372773672', 'https://openalex.org/W2372081361', 'https://openalex.org/W2364724682', 'https://openalex.org/W2348361849'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 174, 251, 270, 382, 425, 491, 539, 619, 691, 786], 'COVID-19': [1, 296, 492, 787, 827, 996], 'pandemic': [2, 175, 475, 493, 636], 'has': [3, 176, 436, 494, 776, 893, 1019, 1055, 1134], 'challenged': [4], 'health': [5, 27, 140, 670, 1166], 'systems': [6, 28, 141, 1167], 'around': [7, 1126], 'the': [8, 21, 34, 61, 92, 104, 117, 125, 154, 157, 169, 178, 182, 223, 226, 265, 277, 281, 289, 295, 309, 313, 327, 350, 385, 393, 428, 442, 452, 474, 496, 499, 505, 509, 517, 564, 604, 631, 647, 679, 701, 704, 709, 716, 796, 863, 890, 939, 970, 995, 1035, 1038, 1047, 1062, 1069, 1071, 1088, 1118, 1121, 1127, 1132, 1149, 1196, 1218], 'globe': [9, 1128], 'and': [10, 29, 39, 57, 81, 89, 96, 168, 207, 213, 246, 259, 262, 318, 366, 397, 468, 527, 532, 551, 574, 597, 599, 614, 673, 685, 698, 723, 754, 793, 822, 851, 855, 857, 884, 910, 920, 931, 943, 961, 981, 1000, 1010, 1043, 1052, 1061, 1076, 1094, 1145, 1179, 1224], 'exposed': [11, 177], 'a': [12, 31, 52, 131, 199, 215, 231, 268, 330, 402, 438, 482, 568, 576, 585, 639, 675, 756, 839, 906, 1021], 'myriad': [13], 'of': [14, 36, 48, 64, 69, 94, 106, 119, 156, 159, 201, 225, 242, 253, 267, 316, 332, 363, 384, 395, 404, 416, 427, 481, 498, 513, 516, 588, 625, 633, 644, 678, 703, 718, 752, 762, 803, 849, 908, 941, 973, 1023, 1027, 1050, 1064, 1087, 1120, 1138, 1164, 1186], 'fault': [15], 'lines,': [16], 'demonstrating': [17], 'how': [18, 746], 'critically': [19], 'important': [20], 'healthcare': [22, 184, 227, 421, 501, 540, 605, 680, 693, 724, 797, 865, 878, 1122, 1219], 'supply': [23, 160, 185, 196, 228, 254, 284, 430, 502, 518, 541, 569, 606, 681, 694, 706, 730, 798, 823, 836, 867, 944, 1123, 1159, 1176, 1220], 'chain': [24, 42, 161, 186, 197, 255, 285, 542, 570, 607, 682, 695, 707, 731, 799, 837, 868, 1160, 1177, 1221], 'is': [25, 78, 98, 188, 198, 257, 388, 480, 558, 608, 683, 696, 743, 750, 758, 800, 1106, 1155, 1233], 'to': [26, 33, 100, 136, 146, 165, 181, 190, 218, 279, 344, 375, 392, 410, 420, 451, 462, 524, 530, 545, 553, 560, 571, 579, 583, 627, 629, 760, 814, 819, 882, 896, 994, 1058, 1204, 1212, 1216, 1228], 'as': [30, 740, 779, 1202], 'consequence,': [32], 'well-being': [35], 'individuals,': [37], 'families,': [38], 'communities.': [40], 'Supply': [41], 'inefficiencyand': [43], 'its': [44, 219, 360], 'brittleness': [45], 'in': [46, 55, 75, 237, 264, 305, 323, 357, 389, 401, 581, 611, 616, 623, 641, 668, 708, 806, 817, 838, 886, 927, 937, 983, 1092, 1102, 1107, 1170, 1189], 'times': [47], 'crises': [49], 'have': [50, 151, 727, 934, 1082, 1192, 1210, 1215], 'been': [51, 152, 777, 1083, 1193], 'well-noted': [53], 'barrier': [54], 'low-': [56], 'middle-income': [58], 'countries,': [59, 239, 435, 1081], 'but': [60, 124, 145, 1114], 'graphic': [62], 'descriptions': [63], 'preventable': [65], 'death': [66], 'through': [67, 901], 'absence': [68], 'effective': [70, 1142, 1158], 'personal': [71], 'protective': [72], 'equipment': [73], '(PPE)': [74], 'developed': [76, 1090], 'economies': [77], 'both': [79], 'chastening': [80], 'confronting.': [82], 'In': [83, 222, 700, 825, 992, 1034], 'countries': [84, 829, 1091, 1191], 'known': [85], 'for': [86, 547, 567, 712, 877, 918, 1046, 1111, 1116], 'material': [87, 203], 'prosperity': [88], 'scientific': [90], 'advances,': [91], 'scarcity': [93], 'masks': [95, 365, 1205], 'gloves': [97], 'unfathomable': [99], 'many,': [101], 'which': [102, 902], 'makes': [103], 'number': [105], 'attributable': [107], 'deaths': [108], 'unforgivable': [109], '(Davidson,': [110], 'Padula,': [111], 'Daly,': [112], '&': [113, 488, 536, 735, 783, 871, 949], 'Jackson,': [114], '2020).': [115, 194, 348, 381, 424, 490, 737, 785, 951], 'Furthermore,': [116], 'availability': [118], 'testing': [120, 1053], 'improves': [121], 'over': [122], 'time,': [123], 'limiting': [126], 'factor': [127], 'can': [128, 956, 967], 'often': [129, 528], 'be': [130, 345, 463, 580, 652, 689, 1207], 'swab': [132], 'or': [133, 658, 766, 1016, 1025], 'viral': [134], 'media': [135], 'obtain': [137], 'specimens,': [138], 'leaving': [139], 'with': [142, 355, 465, 844], 'few': [143], 'alternatives': [144], 'manufacture': [147], 'their': [148, 407, 458, 834, 1006], 'own.': [149], 'Nurses': [150], 'at': [153, 369, 801, 831, 1234], 'frontlines': [155], 'failures': [158, 271, 805], 'without': [162, 790, 1140], 'essential': [163, 774], 'tools': [164, 925], 'protect': [166], 'themselves': [167], 'patients': [170], 'they': [171, 520], 'care': [172], 'for.': [173], 'otherwise': [179, 592, 987], 'uninitiated': [180], 'global': [183, 921, 1014, 1028, 1098], 'that': [187, 272, 302, 326, 379, 413, 479, 590, 637, 860, 985, 1131, 1198], 'vulnerable': [189, 529], 'geopolitical': [191, 525], 'instability': [192], '(Artenstein,': [193], 'A': [195, 1097], 'network—consisting': [200], 'raw': [202], 'suppliers,': [204], 'manufacturers,': [205], 'distributors': [206], 'retailers,': [208], 'among': [209, 432, 1078], 'others—that': [210], 'designs,': [211], 'manufactures': [212], 'distributes': [214], 'specific': [216], 'product': [217, 757], 'end': [220], 'users.': [221], 'case': [224, 266, 702], 'chain,': [229, 431, 519], 'such': [230, 548, 739, 773, 1201], 'complex': [232], 'network': [233], 'involves': [234], 'diverse': [235], 'entities': [236, 515], 'multiple': [238], 'regulatory': [240], 'processes': [241], 'various': [243], 'strengths,': [244], 'resources,': [245, 854], 'most': [247], 'importantly,': [248], 'divergent': [249, 593], 'incentives.': [250], 'importance': [252], 'management': [256], 'obvious': [258], 'indeed': [260], 'front': [261], 'centre': [263], 'pandemic.': [269], 'we': [273, 1214], 'are': [274, 521, 812, 842, 880, 916, 1148, 1173, 1182], 'facing': [275], 'underline': [276], 'need': [278], 'increase': [280], 'focus': [282, 1229], 'on': [283, 1008, 1157, 1175, 1230], 'issues.': [286], 'Well': [287], 'before': [288], 'World': [290], 'Health': [291, 317], 'Organization': [292], '(WHO)': [293], 'declared': [294], 'pandemic,': [297, 446, 828, 997], 'it': [298, 342, 913], 'became': [299], 'abundantly': [300], 'clear': [301], 'PPE': [303, 419, 448, 705, 742, 866, 974, 1051], 'was': [304], 'dire': [306], 'shortage': [307], 'across': [308, 862], 'globe.': [310], 'For': [311, 952], 'example,': [312, 713, 953], 'US': [314, 351, 429], 'Department': [315], 'Human': [319], 'Services': [320], '(HHS)': [321], 'disclosed': [322], 'February': [324], '2020': [325], 'country': [328], 'had': [329, 437, 638], 'stockpile': [331], 'only': [333, 461, 1110], '12': [334], 'million': [335], 'N95': [336, 364], 'masks,': [337], 'far': [338], 'fewer': [339], 'than': [340, 715], 'what': [341], 'estimated': [343], 'adequate': [346, 418], '(Tett,': [347], 'Yet,': [349], 'Federal': [352], 'government': [353, 722, 998], 'proceeded': [354], 'inaction': [356], 'ramping': [358, 832], 'up': [359, 833], 'domestic': [361, 372, 408, 835], 'capacity': [362, 972], 'turned': [367], 'down': [368], 'least': [370, 1089], 'one': [371, 506, 640], "manufacturer's": [373], 'offer': [374], 'help': [376, 904, 957, 968], 'achieve': [377], 'just': [378], '(Davis,': [380], 'failure': [383, 1026], 'United': [386, 710, 1036, 1072, 1074], 'States': [387], 'strong': [390], 'contrast': [391], 'successes': [394], 'Taiwan': [396], 'South': [398], 'Korea,': [399], 'which,': [400], 'matter': [403], 'weeks,': [405], 'mobilized': [406], 'manufacturers': [409, 449], 'form': [411], 'consortia': [412], 'proved': [414], 'capable': [415, 751], 'supplying': [417], 'workers': [422], '(Kim': [423], 'fiasco': [426], 'other': [433, 565, 714, 1079], 'industrialized': [434], 'fateful': [439], 'precedent.': [440], 'During': [441], '2009': [443], 'swine': [444], 'flu': [445], 'US-based': [447], 'responded': [450], 'briefly': [453], 'surging': [454], 'demand': [455, 821], 'by': [456, 1195], 'increasing': [457, 1117], 'production': [459], 'capacity,': [460], 'left': [464], 'mounting': [466], 'inventory': [467], 'little': [469, 544, 894], 'interest': [470], 'from': [471], 'hospitals': [472], 'when': [473], 'receded,': [476], 'reflecting': [477], 'strategy': [478], 'short-term': [483], 'nature': [484, 512], '(Berzon,': [485], 'Evans,': [486], 'Armour,': [487], 'Hufford,': [489], 'revealed': [495], 'crudeness': [497], 'hyper-globalized': [500], 'chain.': [503, 1124], 'On': [504, 563], 'hand,': [507, 566], 'despite': [508], 'intertwined,': [510], 'interdependent': [511], 'different': [514], 'nevertheless': [522], 'subject': [523, 759], 'upheavals': [526], 'national': [531], 'local': [533, 971], 'politics': [534], '(Dai': [535], 'Tayur,': [537, 950], '2019).': [538], 'does': [543], 'account': [546], 'glaring': [549], 'ramifications': [550], 'appears': [552], 'operate': [554], 'under': [555], '"the': [556], 'best': [557], 'yet': [559], 'come"': [561], 'assumption.': [562], 'function': [572], 'resiliently': [573], 'smoothly,': [575], 'mechanism': [577], 'needs': [578], 'place': [582], 'engineer': [584], 'sophisticated': [586], 'web': [587], 'incentives': [589], 'aligns': [591], 'interests,': [594], 'shares': [595], 'risks': [596], 'rewards,': [598], 'promotes': [600], 'data': [601, 686, 791], 'transparency.': [602], 'Yet': [603], 'woefully': [609], 'lacking': [610], 'system-level': [612], 'design': [613, 980], 'excessive': [615], 'individual-level': [617], 'optimization.': [618], 'expected': [620], 'worldwide': [621], 'cost': [622, 663], 'terms': [624], 'willingness': [626], 'pay': [628, 911], 'avoid': [630], 'risk': [632, 761, 802], 'another': [634], 'great': [635], 'hundred': [642], 'probability': [643], 'occurring': [645], 'during': [646], 'next': [648], 'twenty': [649], 'years': [650], 'would': [651, 664, 986], 'approximately': [653], '1/100': [654], '*': [655], '$20': [656], 'trillion,': [657], 'about': [659], '$200': [660], 'billion.': [661], 'This': [662], 'justify': [665], 'sizable': [666], 'increases': [667], '[public': [669], 'investments].': [671], 'First': [672], 'foremost,': [674], '"vision': [676], 'test"': [677], 'needed': [684, 813], 'transparency': [687, 792], 'must': [688], 'improved.': [690], 'current': [692], 'opaque': [697], 'fragmented.': [699], 'States,': [711, 1037, 1073], 'location': [717], 'each': [719, 748], 'manufacturing': [720, 850, 942], 'facility,': [721], 'providers': [725], 'alike': [726], 'no': [728, 1135], 'basic': [729, 1199], 'information': [732, 775], '(Dai,': [733, 869], 'Bai,': [734, 870], 'Anderson': [736, 872], 'Questions': [738], 'where': [741], 'being': [744], 'made,': [745], 'much': [747], 'facility': [749], 'producing,': [753], 'whether': [755], 'shortage,': [763], 'late': [764], 'delivery': [765, 770], 'quality': [767], 'issues': [768, 1178, 1200, 1232], 'upon': [769], 'arise.': [771], 'All': [772], 'kept': [778], 'trade': [780], 'secrets': [781], '(Evans': [782], 'Hinshaw,': [784], 'debacle': [788], 'shows': [789], 'intentional': [794], 'collaboration,': [795], 'continued': [804], 'future': [807, 820], 'pandemics.': [808], 'Second,': [809], 'public-private': [810, 899], 'partnerships': [811, 900], 'ensure': [815], 'agility': [816], 'responding': [818], 'shocks.': [824], 'this': [826], 'successful': [830], 'timely': [840], 'manner': [841], 'those': [843], 'full-scale': [845], 'industrial': [846], 'commons': [847, 876], 'consisting': [848], 'infrastructure,': [852, 1100], 'human': [853, 990], 'research': [856], 'development': [858, 1147], 'capabilities': [859], 'span': [861], 'entire': [864], '2020)': [873], '.': [874], 'Industrial': [875], 'supplies': [879], 'costly': [881], 'build': [883], 'maintain': [885, 958], 'normal': [887], 'times,': [888], 'so': [889], 'private': [891], 'sector': [892], 'incentive': [895], 'participate.': [897], 'Forming': [898], 'governments': [903, 1045], 'guarantee': [905], 'level': [907], 'service': [909], 'if': [912], 'falls': [914], 'short': [915], 'critical': [917, 1151], 'preparedness': [919], 'security.': [922], 'Third,': [923], 'new': [924], 'rooted': [926, 1101], 'artificial': [928], 'intelligence': [929], '(AI)': [930], 'digital': [932, 976, 1011], 'transformation': [933], 'proven': [935], 'valuable': [936], 'maintaining': [938], 'continuity': [940], 'networks': [945], '(Wuest,': [946], 'Kusiak,': [947], 'Dai,': [948], 'wearable': [954], 'technologies': [955], 'physical': [959, 989], 'distancing': [960], 'detect': [962], 'sick': [963], 'workforce;': [964], '3D': [965], 'printing': [966], 'expand': [969], 'supply;': [975], 'twins': [977], 'allow': [978], 'remote': [979], 'supervision': [982], 'factories': [984], 'require': [988], 'presence.': [991], 'response': [993], 'agencies': [999], 'businesses': [1001], 'should': [1002], 'bolster,': [1003], 'not': [1004, 1109, 1183], 'slash,': [1005], 'spending': [1007], 'AI': [1009], 'transformation.': [1012], 'Fourth,': [1013], 'governance,': [1015], 'lack': [1017], 'thereof,': [1018], 'become': [1020], 'determinant': [1022], 'success': [1024], 'battles': [1029], 'against': [1030, 1085], 'pandemics': [1031], '(Gostin,': [1032], '2015).': [1033], 'inexplicable': [1039], 'competition': [1040], 'between': [1041], 'federal': [1042], 'state': [1044], 'same': [1048], 'pool': [1049], 'kits': [1054], 'given': [1056], 'rise': [1057], 'skyrocketing': [1059], 'prices': [1060], 'proliferation': [1063], 'irregular': [1065], 'contracting': [1066], 'practices.': [1067], 'Across': [1068], 'globe,': [1070], 'Kingdom': [1075], 'France,': [1077], 'wealthy': [1080], 'bidding': [1084], 'some': [1086], 'Africa': [1093], 'Latin': [1095], 'America.': [1096], 'governance': [1099], 'shared': [1103], 'ethical': [1104], 'values,': [1105], 'order': [1108], 'crisis': [1112], 'response,': [1113], 'also': [1115], 'resilience': [1119], 'Experts': [1125], 'broadly': [1129], 'concur': [1130], 'world': [1133], 'real': [1136], 'chance': [1137], 'recovery': [1139], 'an': [1141], 'vaccine.': [1143], 'Treatment': [1144], 'vaccine': [1146], 'first': [1150], 'step.': [1152], 'Ensuring': [1153], 'distribution': [1154], 'dependent': [1156], 'management.': [1161], 'Although': [1162], 'many': [1163, 1172, 1180], 'our': [1165, 1222, 1235], 'discuss': [1168], 'preparedness,': [1169], 'reality,': [1171], 'mute': [1174], 'nurses': [1181], 'engaged.': [1184], 'Many': [1185], 'us': [1187], 'particularly': [1188], 'high-income': [1190], 'jolted': [1194], 'fact': [1197], 'access': [1203], 'cannot': [1206], 'assumed.': [1208], 'We': [1209], 'come': [1211], 'realize': [1213], 'give': [1217], 'full': [1223], 'immediate': [1225], 'attention.': [1226], 'Failing': [1227], 'these': [1231], 'peril.': [1236]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3039179563', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-12T13:15:32.270877', 'created_date': '2020-07-10'}