Obesity and COVID-19 in New York City: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Parag Goyal; Joanna Bryan Ringel; Mangala Rajan; Justin J. Choi; Laura C. Pinheiro; Han A. Li; Graham T. Wehmeyer; Mark N. Alshak; Assem Jabri; Edward J. Schenck; Ruijun Chen; Michael J. Satlin; Thomas R. Campion; Musarrat Nahid; Maria Plataki; Eric A. Hoffman; Evgeniya Reshetnyak; Nathaniel Hupert; Evelyn M. Horn; Fernando J. Martínez; Roy M. Gulick; Monika M. Safford
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[918], 'ambulatory': [922], 'encounters': [923], 'within': [924], 'months': [926], 'hospitalization.': [928], 'defined': [930, 1040], 'categories': [932, 1144], 'as': [933, 1041, 1293, 2476, 2504, 2608, 2899, 2903], 'underweight': [934, 1079, 1108, 1204], '(<18.5': [935], 'kg/m2),': [936, 941, 946, 954], 'normal': [937, 1254], '(18.5': [938], '24.9': [940], 'overweight': [942, 1209], '(25.0': [943], '29.9': [945], 'mild': [947, 1306], 'moderate': [949, 1308], '(30.0': [951], '39.9': [953], 'morbid': [956, 1316], '(≥40.0': [958], 'kg/m2).To': [959], 'examine': [960, 1032], 'in-hospital': [966, 1193, 1277, 1326, 1338, 1472, 2823], 'mortality,': [967, 1366, 2824], 'we': [968, 1048, 1089, 1118, 1270], 'used': [969, 1049, 1070], 'Cox': [971, 1093], 'proportional': [972, 1094], 'hazards': [973, 1095], 'model': [974, 1054, 1073, 1096], 'adjusted': [975, 1064, 1092, 1197, 1245], 'age,': [977, 1027, 1382, 1531, 2980], 'sex,': [978, 1028, 1383, 1532, 2981], 'race,': [979, 1384], 'smoking,': [980, 1385, 2842], 'diabetes,': [981, 1386], 'hypertension,': [982, 1387], 'chronic': [983, 1388], 'obstructive': [984, 1389, 2839], 'pulmonary': [985, 1390], 'disease,': [986, 990, 993, 1391, 1395, 1398], 'asthma,': [987, 1392], 'end-stage': [988, 1393], 'renal': [989, 1394], 'coronary': [991, 1396], 'artery': [992, 1397], 'heart': [994, 1399], 'failure,': [995, 1039, 1104, 1242, 1269, 1400], 'cancer.': [997, 1402], 'These': [998, 1501], 'characteristics': [999, 1584], 'chosen': [1001], 'factors': [1007, 2415, 3035, 3299], 'identified': [1011], 'by': [1012, 1026, 1344, 1526, 2117, 2138, 2160, 2452, 2628, 2833, 2851, 2858, 2864, 3324], 'Centers': [1014], 'Disease': [1016, 2792, 2861, 3259], 'Control': [1017], 'Prevention.': [1019], 'also': [1021, 1521, 1537], 'examined': [1022, 1122], 'effect': [1024, 1635], 'modification': [1025, 2832], 'race.': [1030, 1534], 'need': [1043, 1506], 'invasive': [1045, 1164, 1485], 'mechanical': [1046, 1165, 1486], 'ventilation,': [1047], 'Fine': [1051], 'Gray': [1053], 'account': [1056, 1111], 'competing': [1059], 'death': [1062], 'same': [1067], '12': [1068], 'variables': [1069], 'mortality.': [1075, 1194, 1473], 'group': [1080], 'analysis': [1083, 1097], 'because': [1084], 'low': [1086], 'numbers.': [1087], 'repeated': [1090], 'mortality': [1099, 1327, 1339, 2489, 2509, 2532, 2710, 2740, 2871, 2918, 2998], 'again': [1105], 'excluding': [1106], 'group.': [1109], 'missing': [1113], '(12%': [1115], 'race),': [1117], 'multiple': [1120], 'imputation.We': [1121], 'patients,': [1124], 'whose': [1125], 'median': [1126], 'was': [1128, 1169, 1201, 1206, 1222, 1249, 1461, 1548, 2213], '27': [1129], 'kg/m2': [1130], '(interquartile': [1131, 1172], 'range,': [1132, 1173], '23.5': [1133], '31.3': [1135], 'kg/m2);': [1136], '31.1%': [1137], 'obese.': [1139], 'Participants': [1140], 'higher': [1142, 1215, 1260, 2488], 'younger': [1146], '(Table).': [1147], 'At': [1148], 'time': [1150], 'report,': [1153], 'only': [1154], '69': [1155], 'remained': [1157, 1162], 'hospitalized,': [1158], 'ventilation.': [1166], 'Median': [1167], 'follow-up': [1168], '7': [1170], 'days': [1171], '4': [1174], '17': [1176, 3282, 3316], 'days).Table.': [1177], 'Characteristics': [1178], 'Hospitalized': [1181, 2778], 'Patients': [1182, 2228, 3045, 3168], 'With': [1183, 2230, 2563, 2763, 2774, 3021, 3047, 3170, 3270], 'COVID-19,': [1184], 'According': [1185], 'BMI*We': [1187], 'found': [1188, 1271], 'J-shaped': [1190, 1274, 1346], 'pattern': [1191, 1275], 'The': [1195, 1359, 1558, 1634, 1852], 'fully': [1196, 1244], 'hazard': [1198, 1246, 1439], 'dying': [1200], 'highest': [1202], 'persons,': [1205, 1210], 'lowest': [1207, 1250], 'progressively': [1212, 1257], 'increased': [1213, 1258], 'degrees': [1216], '(Figure).': [1219, 1263], 'observation': [1221], 'similar': [1223, 1273, 1281, 1529], 'across': [1224, 1530], 'age': [1225, 2834], '(P': [1226, 1232, 1237], 'interaction': [1228], '=': [1229, 1233, 1238, 1433, 1438], '0.32),': [1230], 'sex': [1231], '0.59),': [1234], 'race': [1236, 2983], '0.57).': [1239], 'For': [1240], 'ratio': [1247, 3296], '(HR)': [1248], 'class': [1262], 'those': [1266, 1283], 'mortality;': [1278], 'HRs': [1279, 1324, 1426], 'full': [1286], 'cohort,': [1287], 'albeit': [1288], 'wider': [1290], 'CIs': [1291, 1364, 1373], '(normal': [1292], 'reference:': [1295], 'HR,': [1296, 1299, 1310, 1318], '1;': [1297], 'overweight:': [1298], '0.76': [1300], '[95%': [1301], 'CI,': [1302], '0.52': [1303], '1.12];': [1305], 'obesity:': [1309, 1317, 2680], '0.82': [1311], '[CI,': [1312, 1320], '0.53': [1313], '1.27];': [1315], '1.29': [1319], '0.58': [1321], '2.86]).Figure.': [1323], 'according': [1331], 'BMI.The': [1333], '(blue': [1340], 'triangle)': [1341], 'explained': [1343], 'curve,': [1347], 'whereas': [1348], '(orange': [1355], 'square)': [1356], 'linear.': [1358], 'solid': [1360], 'blue': [1361], 'lines': [1362, 1371], 'indicate': [1363, 1372], 'dashed': [1369], 'orange': [1370], 'failure.': [1376], 'Covariates': [1377], 'both': [1379], 'models': [1380], 'All': [1403, 3329], 'analyses': [1404], 'done': [1406], 'STATA': [1408], '14': [1409], '(StataCorp)': [1410], 'SAS,': [1412], 'version': [1413], '9.4': [1414], '(SAS': [1415], 'Institute),': [1416], '2-sided': [1418], 'statistical': [1419, 2179], 'tests': [1420], 'significance': [1422], 'levels': [1423], '0.05.': [1425], 'are': [1427, 2412, 2637], 'provided': [1428], '95%': [1430], 'CIs.': [1431], 'index;': [1436], 'HR': [1437], 'ratio.': [1440], 'Download': [1441, 1443], 'figure': [1442], 'PowerPoint': [1444], 'Discussion:': [1445], 'showed': [1458], 'independent': [1463, 2478], 'but': [1469, 2772], 'Our': [1474, 1535, 2897], 'findings,': [1475], 'least': [1477], 'part,': [1479], 'extensive': [1482], 'use': [1483], 'ventilation': [1487], 'reported': [1488], 'United': [1491], 'States': [1492], '(1),': [1493], 'prevalence': [1496, 1511], 'exceeds': [1499], '40%.': [1500], 'findings': [1502, 1536], 'thus': [1503, 1571], 'support': [1504, 2690], 'consider': [1508, 1616], 'community-specific': [1510], 'when': [1514], 'planning': [1515], "community's": [1517], 'response': [1519], 'conferred': [1525], 'provide': [1538], 'insights': [1539], 'about': [1540], 'possible': [1542], 'COVID-19.This': [1546], 'limited': [1549], 'single': [1555], 'geographic': [1556], 'location.': [1557], 'adverse': [1563, 2651], 'differ': [1566], 'other': [1568], 'settings': [1569], 'merits': [1572], 'additional': [1573], 'investigation.References1.': [1574], 'Goyal': [1575, 2114, 2187], 'P,': [1576, 1603], 'Choi': [1577, 2135], 'JJ,': [1578], 'Pinheiro': [1579], 'LC,': [1580], 'et': [1581, 1608, 1657], 'al.': [1582, 1658], 'Clinical': [1583, 2101, 2110, 2521], 'Covid-19': [1586], '[Letter].': [1591, 1622, 1697], 'N': [1592], 'Engl': [1593], 'J': [1594], 'Med.': [1595, 1644], '2020;382:2372-2374.': [1596], '[PMID:': [1597, 1625, 1646, 1675, 1702], '32302078]': [1598], 'doi:10.1056/NEJMc2010419': [1599], 'CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1600, 1628, 1649, 1678, 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'Bogardus,': [1900], 'Chelsea': [1902], 'D.': [1903, 2053], 'Boydstun,': [1904], 'Clare': [1906], 'Burchenal,': [1908], 'Eric': [1910], 'Caliendo,': [1912], 'John': [1914], 'Chae,': [1916, 3130], 'David': [1918, 2319, 2349, 2380, 3102, 3136], 'Chang,': [1920], 'Frank': [1922], 'Kenny': [1926], 'Andrew': [1929, 1939, 2082], 'Cho,': [1930], 'Alice': [1932], 'Chung,': [1933], 'Alisha': [1935], 'Dua,': [1937], 'MRes;': [1938], 'Eidelberg,': [1940], 'Rahmi': [1942], 'Elahjji,': [1944], 'Mahmoud': [1946], 'Eljaby,': [1947], 'MMSc;': [1948], 'Emily': [1949], 'Eruysal,': [1951], 'Forlenza,': [1955], 'Rana': [1957], 'Khan': [1958], 'Fowlkes,': [1959], 'Rachel': [1961], 'Friedlander,': [1963], 'Gary': [1965], 'George,': [1966], 'Shannon': [1968], 'Glynn,': [1969], 'Leora': [1971], 'Haber,': [1972], 'Janice': [1974], 'Havasy,': [1975], 'Alex': [1977], 'Huang,': [1978, 1981, 1985], 'Hao': [1980], 'Jennifer': [1983, 2333, 3117], 'H.': [1984], 'Sonia': [1987], 'Iosim,': [1988], 'Mitali': [1990], 'Kini,': [1991], 'Rohini': [1993], 'V.': [1994], 'Kopparam,': [1995], 'Jerry': [1997], 'Y.': [1998, 2240, 3179], 'Lee,': [1999, 2002], 'Aretina': [2005], 'Leung,': [2007], 'Bethina': [2009], 'Liu,': [2010], 'AB;': [2011], 'Charalambia': [2012], 'Louka,': [2013], 'Brienne': [2015], 'Lubor,': [2016], 'Dianne': [2018], 'Lumaquin,': [2019], 'Matthew': [2021, 2370, 3160], 'Magruder,': [2023], 'Ruth': [2025], 'Moges,': [2026], 'Prithvi': [2028], 'Mohan,': [2030], 'Max': [2032], 'Morin,': [2034], 'Sophie': [2036], 'Mou,': [2037], 'J.J.': [2039], 'Nario,': [2040], 'Yuna': [2042], 'Oh,': [2043], 'Noah': [2045], 'Rossen,': [2046], 'Emma': [2048], 'Schatoff,': [2050], 'Pooja': [2052], 'Shah,': [2054, 2058], 'Sachin': [2056], 'P.': [2057], 'Daniel': [2060, 2330, 3113], 'Skaf,': [2061], 'Shoran': [2063], 'Tamura,': [2064], 'Ahmed': [2066], 'Toure,': [2067], 'Camila': [2069], 'Villasante,': [2071], 'Gal': [2073], 'Wald,': [2074], 'Samuel': [2076], 'Williams,': [2077], 'Ashley': [2079], 'Wu,': [2080], 'Yin,': [2084], 'Lisa': [2087], 'Zhang,': [2088], 'BA.Financial': [2089], 'Support:': [2090], 'By': [2091], 'NewYork–Presbyterian': [2092], 'Hospital': [2093], 'Translational': [2103, 2148], 'Science': [2104], 'Center': [2105, 2145], '(UL1': [2106], 'TR000457)': [2107], 'Joint': [2109], 'Trials': [2111], 'Office.': [2112], 'Dr.': [2113, 2134, 2156, 2186], 'supported': [2116, 2137, 2159], 'grant': [2118, 2127], 'R03AG056446': [2119], 'National': [2122, 2144, 2152], 'Institute': [2123], 'Aging': [2125], '18IPA34170185': [2128], 'American': [2131, 3325], 'Heart': [2132, 2757, 3268], 'Association.': [2133], 'KL2': [2140], 'award': [2141], 'Advancing': [2147], 'Sciences': [2149], 'Institutes': [2153], 'Health.': [2155], 'Satlin': [2157], 'research': [2161, 2685], 'grants': [2162], 'Merck,': [2164], 'Allergan,': [2165], 'BioFire': [2167], 'Diagnostics.Disclosures:': [2168], 'Disclosures': [2169], 'viewed': [2172], 'www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M20-2730.Reproducible': [2174], 'Research': [2175], 'Statement:': [2176], 'Study': [2177], 'protocol,': [2178], 'code,': [2180], 'set:': [2183], 'Available': [2184], '(e-mail,': [2188], '[email protected]).Corresponding': [2189], 'Author:': [2190], 'Department': [2195], '420': [2201], 'East': [2202], '70th': [2203], 'Street,': [2204], 'LH-365,': [2205], 'NY': [2208], '10021;': [2209], 'e-mail,': [2210], '[email protected]': [2211], 'article': [2212], 'published': [2214], 'Annals.org': [2216], '2020.': [2220], 'PreviousarticleNextarticle': [2221], 'Advertisement': [2222], 'FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee': [2223], 'AlsoObesity': [2224], 'Mortality': [2226, 2776, 2795, 3043, 3166, 3300], 'Among': [2227, 3044, 3167], 'Diagnosed': [2229, 3046, 3169], 'Results': [2232, 3172], 'From': [2233, 3173], 'Integrated': [2235, 3175], 'Health': [2236, 2702, 3176], 'Care': [2237, 3177], 'Organization': [2238], 'Sara': [2239], 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