Interim Guidance for Basic and Advanced Life Support in Adults, Children, and Neonates With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Dana P. Edelson; Comilla Sasson; Paul S. Chan; Dianne L. Atkins; Khalid Aziz; Lance B. Becker; Robert A. Berg; Steven M. Bradley; Steven C. Brooks; Adam Cheng; Marilyn Escobedo; Gustavo E. Flores; Saket Girotra; Antony Hsu; Beena D. Kamath‐Rayne; Henry Lee; Rebecca E. Lehotsky; Mary E. Mancini; Raina M. Merchant; Vinay Nadkarni; Ashish R. Panchal; Mary Ann Peberdy; Tia T. Raymond; Brian K Walsh; David S. Wang; Carolyn M. Zelop; Alexis A. Topjian; Monique A. Starks; Bentley J. Bobrow; Melissa Chan; Katherine M. Berg; Jonathan P. Duff; Benny L. Joyner; Javier J. Lasa; Arielle Lévy; Melissa Mahgoub; Michael O’Connor; Amber V. Hoover; Amber J. Rodriguez; Garth Meckler; Kathryn E. Roberts; Nicholas M. Mohr; Boulos Nassar; Lewis Rubinson; Robert M. Sutton; Stephen M. Schexnayder; Monica E. Kleinman; Allan de Caen; Ryan W. Morgan; Farhan Bhanji; Susan Fuchs; Mark A. Terry; Mary E. McBride; Michael Levy; José G. Cabañas; David K. Tan; Vivek K. Moitra; Joseph W. Szokol
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'Virginia': [471], 'Commonwealth': [472], 'Richmond': [474], '(M.A.R.P.).': [475], 'RaymondTia': [479], 'Raymond': [481], '(T.T.R.).': [488], 'WalshBrian': [491], 'Walsh': [492], 'Liberty': [493], 'Lynchburg,': [495], 'VA': [496], '(B.W.).': [497], 'WangDavid': [501], 'Wang': [503, 4007, 4011, 4038, 4075, 4087], 'Columbia': [504, 3769], 'Irving': [506], 'New': [509, 523, 1819], 'York,': [510], '(D.S.W.).': [512], 'ZelopCarolyn': [516], 'NYU': [519], 'York': [524], '(C.M.Z.).': [525], 'TopjianAlexis': [529], 'ECC': [552], 'Interim': [553], 'COVID': [554], 'Authors': [556], 'Originally': [557], 'published9': [558], 'Apr': [559], '2020https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047463Circulation.': [560], '2020;141:e933–e943Other': [561], 'version(s)': [562], 'this': [564, 573, 627, 1035], 'articleYou': [565], 'are': [566, 864, 918, 1012, 1593, 1608, 1666, 1745, 1785, 1824, 2092, 2153, 2159, 2208, 2251, 2284, 2348, 2485, 2508, 2829, 2864, 2972, 3014, 3145, 3429], 'viewing': [567], 'most': [569], 'recent': [570, 2245], 'version': [571], 'article.': [574], 'Previous': [575], 'versions:': [576], 'April': [577], '9,': [578], '2020:': [579, 3912, 3949, 3990], 'Ahead': [580], 'Print': [582], 'Existing': [583], 'cardiopulmonary': [587, 1844, 1900, 1929, 1994, 2036, 2062, 3154], 'resuscitation': [588, 598, 726, 758, 994, 1025, 1080, 1648, 1845, 2451, 3013, 3189], '(CPR)': [589, 1846], 'guidelines': [590, 2501], 'do': [591, 877, 2502, 2889, 3131], 'not': [592, 1807, 2396, 2435, 2446, 2457, 2503, 2857, 3051, 3068, 3132, 3214, 3447], 'address': [593, 626], 'challenges': [595, 755], 'providing': [597, 1076], 'setting': [601], 'coronavirus': [604, 749, 1854, 1886, 1923, 1980, 2022, 2056, 2223, 3860, 3889, 3941, 4023, 4066], 'disease': [605, 1128, 1855, 1887, 1924, 1981, 2023, 2057, 3832, 3861, 3890, 3942, 4024], '2019': [606, 1856, 1888, 1925, 1982, 2024, 2058, 3862, 3891, 3943, 4025, 4064, 4104], '(COVID-19)': [607, 3892, 4026], 'global': [608], 'pandemic,': [609], 'wherein': [610], 'rescuers': [611, 686, 1191, 1271, 1660, 2015, 2250, 2263, 2323, 2405, 2632], 'must': [612], 'continuously': [613], 'balance': [614, 1071, 1651, 2774], 'immediate': [616, 1019], 'needs': [617, 1020, 1118], 'patients': [620, 775, 838, 869, 907, 1082, 1098, 1413, 1616, 1662, 1674, 1712, 1735, 1753, 1793, 1802, 1849, 1881, 1918, 1975, 2017, 2051, 2418, 2428, 2489, 2506, 2515, 2557, 2601, 2822, 2862, 3127, 3170, 3858, 3980, 4021, 4061, 4102], 'with': [621, 635, 663, 689, 692, 776, 908, 981, 1060, 1099, 1138, 1199, 1248, 1262, 1333, 1343, 1420, 1436, 1457, 1497, 1511, 1528, 1535, 1617, 1623, 1673, 1675, 1713, 1754, 1756, 1794, 1850, 1882, 1919, 1976, 2018, 2052, 2100, 2146, 2181, 2184, 2188, 2218, 2419, 2429, 2490, 2555, 2558, 2569, 2662, 2685, 2738, 2786, 2823, 2869, 2920, 2925, 3149, 3171, 3200, 3859, 4022, 4063, 4103], 'their': [622, 1154, 1255, 1294], 'own': [623], 'safety.': [624], 'To': [625], 'gap,': [628], 'collaboration': [634], 'Respiratory': [644], 'Care,': [645], 'Physicians,': [650, 679], 'Society': [652, 659, 3776], 'Anesthesiologists,': [656, 661], 'support': [665, 1749, 1873, 1913, 1963, 2006, 3225, 3234, 3293, 3369], 'Nurses': [673], 'National': [675, 3254, 3325, 3477, 3701], 'EMS': [678, 1693], 'has': [680, 702, 721, 752, 2130, 2234, 2445, 3242, 3351, 3380], 'compiled': [681], 'interim': [682, 1036, 2500], 'guidance': [683, 1109, 1829], 'help': [685], 'treat': [687, 2417], 'individuals': [688, 2099], 'cardiac': [690, 710, 782, 815, 874, 909, 1415, 1604, 1781, 1809, 1877, 1911, 1914, 1967, 2010, 2047, 2096, 2126, 2142, 2228, 2241, 2274, 2421, 2613, 3143], 'arrest': [691, 711, 783, 816, 1416, 1605, 1782, 1810, 1878, 1915, 1968, 2011, 2048, 2097, 2229, 2275, 2342, 3144], 'suspected': [693, 1100, 1795, 1851, 1883, 1920, 1977, 2019, 2053, 2101, 2122, 2430, 2491, 2559, 2824, 2982, 3150], 'confirmed': [695, 1102, 1797, 1853, 1885, 1922, 1979, 2021, 2055, 2103, 2432, 2493, 2561, 2826, 2984, 3152], 'COVID-19.Over': [696], 'past': [698, 3269], '2': [699, 750, 1759], 'decades,': [700], 'there': [701], 'been': [703, 2132, 2235, 2256, 2289, 2353, 2447], 'a': [704, 828, 982, 1065, 1307, 1323, 1334, 1341, 1344, 1366, 1379, 1421, 1434, 1437, 1489, 1498, 1502, 1512, 1518, 1529, 1536, 1541, 1557, 1595, 2273, 2318, 2382, 2400, 2621, 2634, 2659, 2663, 2668, 2831, 2906, 2954, 2994, 3027, 3097, 3243, 3304, 3307, 3352, 3359, 3381, 3837, 3898], 'steady': [705], 'improvement': [706], 'survival': [708, 790, 2139, 2466], 'after': [709, 2270, 2449, 2943, 3048, 3178], 'occurring': [712, 2105], 'both': [713, 811, 1200], 'inside': [714], 'outside': [716, 2106], 'hospital.1': [718], 'That': [719], 'success': [720, 1463, 1655], 'relied': [722], 'on': [723, 1114, 1123, 1221, 1236, 1296, 1540, 2111, 2565, 2658, 3314, 3439, 3813, 3821], 'initiating': [724], 'proven': [725], 'interventions': [727], 'such': [728, 757, 883, 2197, 2576, 3078], 'as': [729, 876, 884, 1064, 2198, 2577, 2810, 3079, 3268, 3306], 'high-quality': [730, 1079], 'chest': [731, 960, 1260, 1467, 2326, 2683, 2714, 2739, 2788], 'compressions': [732, 1261, 1468, 2327, 2684, 2740], 'defibrillation': [734, 2152, 2394], 'within': [735], 'seconds': [736], 'minutes.': [738], 'evolving': [740], 'expanding': [742], 'outbreak': [743, 3893], 'severe': [745, 2219], 'acute': [746, 854, 2220, 3164], 'respiratory': [747, 850, 855, 2221, 2341, 2749], 'syndrome': [748, 2222], 'infections': [751, 894], 'created': [753], 'important': [754, 3885], 'efforts': [759, 995, 2452], 'requires': [761], 'potential': [762, 1176, 1683, 2995], 'modifications': [763], 'established': [765], 'processes': [766], 'practices.': [768], 'challenge': [770], 'is': [771, 817, 820, 913, 929, 1112, 1147, 1331, 1523, 1556, 1580, 1619, 1633, 1806, 1833, 2395, 2609, 2721, 2805, 2856, 2993, 3062, 3067, 3083, 3102, 3208, 3213], 'ensure': [773], 'that': [774, 818, 1149, 1561, 1592, 2149, 2599, 3289, 3402], 'without': [778, 791, 2834, 2891, 3275], 'who': [780, 797, 1161, 1277, 2287, 2351, 2507, 2828, 2863], 'experience': [781], 'get': [784], 'best': [786, 1459], 'possible': [787, 2639, 3129], 'chance': [788, 1460], 'compromising': [792], 'safety': [794], 'rescuers,': [796], 'will': [798], 'be': [799, 988, 1120, 1418, 1482, 1585, 1732, 2121, 2170, 2399, 2511, 2527, 2875, 2977, 3017, 3052, 3121, 3184], 'needed': [800], 'care': [802, 1672, 2549, 2554, 3006, 3116, 3126], 'future': [804], 'patients.': [805], 'Complicating': [806], 'emergency': [808, 1014, 1209, 2597], 'response': [809], 'out-of-hospital': [812, 2125, 2141, 2240, 2420], 'in-hospital': [814], 'highly': [821, 2401], 'transmissible,': [822], 'particularly': [823, 1589, 1628], 'during': [824, 1738, 2178, 2541, 2633, 3108], 'resuscitation,': [825, 3182], 'carries': [827, 1322, 1365], 'high': [829, 1324, 1596, 1620], 'morbidity': [830], 'mortality.Approximately': [832], '12%': [833], '19%': [835], 'COVID-positive': [837], 'require': [839, 996], 'hospital': [840, 2460, 2481, 2497, 2566], 'admission,': [841], '3%': [843], '6%': [845], 'become': [846, 1183], 'critically': [847, 867, 1184, 1614, 2214, 3167, 3978], 'ill.2–4': [848], 'Hypoxemic': [849], 'failure': [851], 'secondary': [852], 'distress': [856], 'syndrome,': [857], 'myocardial': [858], 'injury,': [859], 'ventricular': [860, 1411, 1947, 1956, 2076, 2085], 'arrhythmias,': [861, 1412], 'shock': [863], 'common': [865], 'among': [866, 3857], 'ill': [868, 1615, 2215, 3168, 3979], 'predispose': [871], 'them': [872], 'arrest,5–8': [875], 'some': [878, 2124], 'proposed': [881], 'treatments': [882], 'hydroxychloroquine': [885], 'azithromycin,': [887], 'which': [888, 1017, 2144], 'can': [889, 975, 1584], 'prolong': [890], 'QT.9': [892], 'currently': [895], 'growing': [896], 'exponentially': [897], 'United': [900, 3335], 'States': [901], 'internationally,': [903], 'percentage': [905], 'arrests': [910], 'likely': [914, 2252, 2975], 'increase.Healthcare': [916], 'workers': [917, 945], 'already': [919, 1167, 2255], 'highest-risk': [921], 'profession': [922], 'contracting': [924], 'disease.10': [926], 'This': [927, 1087], 'risk': [928, 942, 1325, 1368, 1575, 1658, 1719, 2173, 2211, 2314, 2378, 2474, 2611, 2628, 2892, 3162], 'compounded': [930], 'by': [931, 990, 1449, 1517], 'worldwide': [932], 'shortages': [933], 'personal': [935, 1865, 1904, 1942, 1998, 2040, 2071, 3218, 3230, 3456, 3490], 'protective': [936, 1866, 1905, 1943, 1999, 2041, 2072], 'equipment': [937, 2894], '(PPE).': [938], 'Resuscitations': [939], 'carry': [940], 'added': [941, 2473], 'healthcare': [944, 1403, 1874, 1964, 2007, 2182], 'many': [947], 'reasons.': [948], 'First,': [949], 'administration': [951, 3107], 'CPR': [953, 1044, 1264, 1710, 1751, 1927, 2060, 2129, 2150, 2179, 2269, 2851, 2919], 'involves': [954], 'performing': [955], 'numerous': [956, 997], 'aerosol-generating': [957, 3064, 3085], 'procedures,': [958, 972], 'including': [959], 'compressions,': [961], 'positive-pressure': [962, 1376], 'ventilation,': [963, 2331], 'establishment': [965], 'an': [967, 1357, 2408, 2578, 2835, 2870, 3063, 3084, 3089, 3389], 'advanced': [968, 1771, 1896, 1990, 2032, 2521, 2548, 2836, 2871], 'airway.': [969], 'During': [970], 'those': [971, 991, 1241, 2861], 'viral': [973], 'particles': [974, 1479], 'remain': [976], 'suspended': [977], 'air': [980, 1347, 2746], 'half-life': [983], '≈1': [985], 'hour': [986], 'inhaled': [989], 'nearby.11': [992], 'Second,': [993], 'providers': [998, 1150, 1160, 1292, 1404, 1701, 2183, 2603, 2986], 'work': [1000], 'close': [1002], 'proximity': [1003], 'one': [1005], 'another': [1006], 'patient.': [1009], 'Finally,': [1010], 'these': [1011, 3427, 3442, 3451], 'high-stress': [1013], 'events': [1015], 'patient': [1023, 1244, 1303, 1330, 1718, 2293, 2310, 2357, 2374, 2608, 2619, 2657, 2881, 2904, 2922], 'requiring': [1024], 'may': [1026, 1218, 1473, 2120, 2169, 2311, 2375, 2526, 2874, 3159], 'result': [1027], 'lapses': [1029], 'infection-control': [1031], 'practices.In': [1032], 'arriving': [1033], 'guidance,': [1037], 'we': [1038], 'reviewed': [1039], 'existing': [1040], 'recommendations': [1045, 1217], 'context': [1048, 1571], 'pandemic': [1052, 2543], 'considered': [1054, 1483], 'unique': [1056], 'pathophysiology': [1057], 'reversal': [1061], 'hypoxemia': [1063], 'central': [1066], 'goal.': [1067], 'We': [1068], 'sought': [1069], 'competing': [1073], 'interests': [1074], 'timely': [1077], 'simultaneously': [1084], 'protecting': [1085], 'rescuers.': [1086], 'statement': [1088], 'applies': [1089], 'all': [1091, 1190, 2539, 2556], 'adult,': [1092], 'pediatric,': [1093], 'neonatal': [1095, 3001, 3005, 3012, 3109, 3124, 3198, 3291], 'resuscitations': [1096, 1811, 2540], 'infection': [1104, 2938], 'unless': [1105, 2886], 'otherwise': [1106], 'noted.': [1107], 'contained': [1110], 'herein': [1111], 'based': [1113, 3438], 'expert': [1115], 'opinion': [1116], 'adapted': [1121], 'locally': [1122], 'basis': [1125, 1223], 'current': [1127, 1225, 1767], 'burden': [1129, 1597], 'resource': [1131], 'availability.General': [1132], 'Principles': [1133], 'Resuscitation': [1135, 3285, 3315, 3419], 'Patients': [1137, 2648, 2816], 'COVID-19Reduce': [1142], 'Provider': [1143], 'Exposure': [1144], 'COVID-19RationaleIt': [1146], 'essential': [1148, 1242], 'protect': [1151, 3133], 'themselves': [1152], 'colleagues': [1155], 'from': [1156, 1566, 1663, 2140, 2736, 3220, 3226, 3235, 3252, 3323, 3340, 3345, 3370, 3441, 3450, 3458, 3464, 3492, 3839, 3887, 3903], 'unnecessary': [1157], 'exposure.': [1158], 'Exposed': [1159], 'contract': [1162], 'further': [1164], 'decrease': [1165], 'strained': [1168], 'workforce': [1169], 'available': [1170], 'respond': [1172], 'have': [1174, 2162, 2254, 2288, 2352, 2953, 2981, 3412], 'add': [1178], 'additional': [1179, 2476], 'strain': [1180], 'if': [1181, 1328, 1383, 1484, 2216, 2277, 2282, 2332, 2346, 2385, 2412, 2624, 2968, 3203], 'they': [1182, 2283, 2347, 3020], 'ill.Strategies1.': [1185], 'Before': [1186, 1486], 'entering': [1187], 'scene,': [1189], 'should': [1192, 1417, 1481, 1695, 1731, 1812, 2264, 2324, 2406, 2434, 2516, 2952, 2987, 3050, 3120, 3183], 'don': [1193, 2988], 'PPE': [1194, 1216, 2166, 3201], 'guard': [1196], 'against': [1197, 1656, 2471, 3134], 'contact': [1198], 'airborne': [1201, 2642], 'droplet': [1203], 'particles.': [1204], 'Consult': [1205], 'individual': [1206], 'health': [1207], 'medical': [1210], 'services': [1211], '(EMS)': [1212], 'system': [1213], 'standards': [1214], 'because': [1215], 'vary': [1219], 'considerably': [1220], 'epidemiological': [1226], 'data': [1227, 1747], 'availability.2.': [1229], 'Limit': [1230], 'personnel': [1231, 2534], 'room': [1234, 2537], 'scene': [1238, 1298], 'only': [1240], 'care.3.': [1245], 'In': [1246, 1569, 1800, 3347], 'settings': [1247, 2677, 2809], 'protocols': [1249], 'place': [1251, 2840, 2909], 'expertise': [1253], 'use,': [1256], 'consider': [1257, 1508, 1525, 1636, 2329, 2456, 2615], 'replacing': [1258], 'manual': [1259, 1387, 1526], 'mechanical': [1263, 1389, 2660], 'devices': [1265], 'reduce': [1267, 1474, 1547, 2312, 2376, 2530, 2673], 'number': [1269, 2532], 'required': [1272], 'adults': [1274, 2755], 'adolescents': [1276], 'meet': [1278], "manufacturer's": [1280], 'height': [1281], 'weight': [1283, 2720], 'criteria.4.': [1284], 'Clearly': [1285], 'communicate': [1286], 'status': [1288, 2575], 'any': [1290, 1372, 1386, 1400, 1410, 2570], 'new': [1291, 1828], 'before': [1293, 1398, 2243], 'arrival': [1295, 2567], 'receipt': [1300], 'when': [1304, 1440, 1804, 2226, 2638, 2979, 3128], 'transferring': [1305, 2458], 'second': [1308], 'setting.Prioritize': [1309], 'Oxygenation': [1310], 'Ventilation': [1312], 'Strategies': [1313], 'Lower': [1315], 'Aerosolization': [1316], 'RiskRationaleAlthough': [1317], 'procedure': [1319, 3065], 'intubation': [1321, 1447, 1522], 'aerosolization,': [1327], 'intubated': [1332, 1419], 'cuffed': [1335, 1422], 'endotracheal': [1336, 1431, 2791], 'tube': [1337, 1423, 1432], 'connected': [1339], 'ventilator': [1342, 1435, 2661, 2676, 2735, 2794, 2808], 'high-efficiency': [1345, 1860], 'particulate': [1346, 1861], '(HEPA)': [1348], 'filter': [1349, 1381, 1439, 1500, 2665], 'path': [1352, 1394], 'exhaled': [1354, 1396], 'gas': [1355, 1397], 'inline': [1358], 'suction': [1359], 'catheter,': [1360], 'resulting': [1362], 'closed': [1363, 1542, 2669], 'circuit': [1364, 2670, 2795], 'lower': [1367], 'aerosolization': [1370, 2998, 3135], 'than': [1371], 'other': [1373, 1567, 2425, 3339, 3344, 3436, 3495], 'form': [1374], 'ventilation.12Strategies5.': [1377], 'Attach': [1378], 'HEPA': [1380, 1438, 1499, 1537, 1858, 2664], 'securely,': [1382], 'available,': [1384, 2413, 2625], 'ventilation': [1390, 1527, 2681, 2686, 2704], 'device': [1391, 1491, 1534], 'administering': [1399], 'breaths.6.': [1401], 'After': [1402], 'assess': [1405, 2415], 'rhythm': [1407], 'defibrillate': [1409], 'earliest': [1426], 'feasible': [1427], 'opportunity.': [1428], 'Connect': [1429], 'available.7.': [1441], 'Minimize': [1442], 'likelihood': [1444, 1653, 1724, 2137, 2464], 'failed': [1446], 'attempts': [1448], 'following:a.': [1451], 'Assigning': [1452], 'provider': [1454, 1875, 1965, 2008], 'approach': [1456], 'first-pass': [1462], 'intubateb.': [1465], 'Pausing': [1466], 'intubate8.': [1470], 'Video': [1471], 'laryngoscopy': [1472], 'intubator': [1475], 'exposure': [1476, 2175, 2477, 2630], 'aerosolized': [1478], 'available.9.': [1485], 'intubation,': [1487], 'use': [1488, 2407], 'bag-mask': [1490, 1533], '(or': [1492, 1677, 1736, 2563], 'T': [1493], 'piece': [1494], 'neonates)': [1496], 'tight': [1503], 'seal,': [1504], 'or,': [1505], 'adults,': [1507], 'passive': [1509], 'oxygenation': [1510], 'nonrebreathing': [1513], 'face': [1514, 2297, 2361], 'mask': [1515, 2298, 2362], 'covered': [1516], 'surgical': [1519], 'mask.10.': [1520], 'If': [1521, 2898], 'delayed,': [1524], 'supraglottic': [1530], 'airway': [1531, 3047], 'filter.11.': [1538], 'Once': [1539], 'circuit,': [1543], 'minimize': [1544, 2593, 2627], 'disconnections': [1545, 2895], 'aerosolization.Consider': [1548], 'Appropriateness': [1550], 'Starting': [1552], 'Continuing': [1554], 'ResuscitationRationaleCPR': [1555], 'high-intensity': [1558], 'team': [1559, 1579], 'effort': [1560], 'diverts': [1562], 'rescuer': [1563, 1973, 2308, 2372], 'attention': [1564], 'away': [1565], 'patients.13': [1568], 'COVID-19,': [1573, 1714, 2985], 'clinical': [1578, 2574, 2590, 2814], 'increased': [1581, 1686, 2172, 2210], 'resources': [1583, 1665], 'profoundly': [1586], 'more': [1587], 'limited,': [1588], 'regions': [1591], 'experiencing': [1594], 'disease.': [1599, 1799], 'Although': [1600, 2964], 'outcomes': [1602, 3856, 4019], 'still': [1609], 'unknown,': [1610], 'mortality': [1612], 'rises': [1622], 'increasing': [1624, 2189], 'age': [1625, 2190], 'comorbidities,': [1627, 1638], 'cardiovascular': [1629, 1772], 'disease.2,5–8': [1630], 'Therefore,': [1631], 'it': [1632, 2525, 2873, 2965], 'reasonable': [1634, 2528, 2876], 'age,': [1637], 'severity': [1640], 'illness': [1642], 'determining': [1644, 1703], 'appropriateness': [1646, 1705], 'whom': [1664], 'being': [1667], 'diverted.14Strategies12.': [1668], 'Address': [1669], 'goals': [1670, 1741, 2552], 'proxy)': [1678, 1737, 2564], 'anticipation': [1680], 'need': [1684, 2595, 2765], 'levels': [1687], 'care.13.': [1689], 'systems': [1691], 'agencies': [1694], 'institute': [1696], 'policies': [1697, 1730], 'guide': [1699], 'frontline': [1700], 'starting': [1707], 'terminating': [1709], 'taking': [1715], 'into': [1716, 3026], 'account': [1717], 'factors': [1720], 'estimate': [1722], 'survival.': [1726], 'Risk': [1727], 'stratification': [1728], 'communicated': [1733], 'discussions': [1739], 'care.14.': [1743], 'There': [1744], 'insufficient': [1746], 'extracorporeal': [1750], 'COVID-19.Algorithms': [1755], 'Key': [1757], 'ChangesFigures': [1758], 'through': [1760], '6': [1761], 'reflect': [1762], 'COVID-19–specific': [1763], 'updates': [1764], 'basic': [1768, 1776, 2519], 'life': [1769, 1773, 1777, 1872, 1897, 1912, 1962, 1991, 2005, 2033, 2522, 3292], 'support,': [1770, 1774, 1778], 'pediatric': [1775, 1780, 1966, 2009], 'algorithms': [1783, 1791, 1847], 'meant': [1786], 'replace': [1788], 'standard': [1790, 1817, 2518, 2929], 'COVID-19–negative': [1801], 'suspected,': [1808], 'proceed': [1813], 'according': [1814], 'algorithms.': [1818], 'boxes': [1820], 'specific': [1821, 1830, 2093, 2486], 'yellow,': [1826], 'bolded': [1834], 'underlined.Download': [1836], 'figureDownload': [1837, 1868, 1907, 1958, 2001, 2043], 'PowerPointFigure': [1838, 1869, 1908, 1959, 2002, 2044], '1.': [1839], 'Summary': [1840], 'adjustments': [1842], '(COVID-19).': [1857, 1889, 1926, 1983, 2025, 2059], 'indicates': [1859, 1891, 1928, 1985, 2027, 2061], 'air;': [1862], 'PPE,': [1864, 1903, 1941, 1997, 2039, 2070], 'equipment.Download': [1867, 1906, 2000, 2042], '2.': [1870, 2224], 'adult': [1876], 'algorithm': [1879, 1916, 1969, 2012, 2049, 3190], 'AED': [1890, 1984, 2026], 'automated': [1892, 1986, 2028, 2409], 'external': [1893, 1987, 2029, 2410], 'defibrillator;': [1894, 1988, 2030], 'ALS,': [1895, 1989, 2031], 'support;': [1898, 1992, 2034], 'CPR,': [1899, 1993, 2035], 'resuscitation;': [1901, 1930, 1995, 2037, 2063], '3.': [1909], 'ET,': [1931, 2064], 'endotracheal;': [1932, 2065], 'PEA,': [1933, 2066], 'pulseless': [1934, 1946, 2067, 2075], 'electric': [1935, 2068], 'activity;': [1936, 2069], 'Petco2,': [1937], 'end-tidal': [1938], 'carbon': [1939], 'dioxide;': [1940], 'equipment;': [1944, 2073], 'pVT,': [1945, 2074], 'tachycardia;': [1948, 2077], 'ROSC,': [1949, 2078], 'return': [1950, 2079, 2441, 2801, 3204], 'spontaneous': [1952, 2081, 2443, 2803, 3206], 'circulation;': [1953, 2082], 'VF,': [1955, 2084], 'fibrillation.Download': [1957], '4.': [1960], 'single': [1972], '5.': [2003], '≥2': [2014], '6.': [2045], 'fibrillation.Situation-': [2086], 'Setting-Specific': [2088], 'ConsiderationsOut-of-Hospital': [2089], 'Cardiac': [2090, 2483, 2653, 3138], 'ArrestBelow': [2091, 2484], 'considerations': [2094, 2487], 'hospital.': [2109], 'Depending': [2110], 'local': [2112, 2937], 'prevalence': [2113], 'evidence': [2115], 'community': [2117, 2158], 'spread,': [2118], 'arrests.Lay': [2127], 'RescuersBystander': [2128], 'consistently': [2131], 'shown': [2133], 'improve': [2135], 'arrest,': [2143, 2614], 'decreases': [2145], 'every': [2147], 'minute': [2148], 'delayed.15–17': [2154], 'Rescuers': [2155, 2187], 'unlikely': [2160, 3015], 'access': [2163], 'adequate': [2165, 2185, 2713], 'therefore': [2168], 'compared': [2180], 'PPE.': [2186, 2990], 'presence': [2193], 'comorbid': [2195], 'conditions': [2196], 'heart': [2199, 3034], 'disease,': [2200], 'diabetes': [2201], 'mellitus,': [2202], 'hypertension,': [2203], 'chronic': [2205], 'lung': [2206, 2775], 'disease4': [2207], 'becoming': [2213], 'infected': [2217, 2973, 4062], 'However,': [2225, 2524], 'occurs': [2230], 'home': [2232], '(as': [2233], 'reported': [2236], '70%': [2238], 'arrests17': [2242], 'widespread': [2246], 'shelter-at-home': [2247], 'ordinances),': [2248], 'lay': [2249, 2404], 'exposed': [2257, 2290, 2354], 'COVID-19.Chest': [2259], 'CompressionsFor': [2260], 'adults:': [2261], 'Lay': [2262, 2322], 'perform': [2265, 2325, 2390], 'least': [2267], 'hands-only': [2268], 'recognition': [2271], 'event,': [2276], 'willing': [2278, 2333], 'able,': [2280, 2335], 'especially': [2281, 2345, 3087], 'household': [2285, 2349], 'members': [2286, 2350, 2423], 'home.': [2295, 2359], 'A': [2296, 2360], 'cloth': [2300, 2364], 'covering': [2301, 2365], 'mouth': [2303, 2367], 'nose': [2305, 2369], 'and/or': [2309, 2373], 'transmission': [2316, 2380], 'nonhousehold': [2319, 2383], 'bystander.For': [2320], 'children:': [2321], 'mouth-to-mouth': [2330, 2391], 'given': [2336, 2461], 'higher': [2338, 2605], 'incidence': [2339], 'children,17': [2344], 'bystander': [2384], 'unable': [2386, 2899], 'unwilling': [2388], 'ventilation.Public-Access': [2392], 'DefibrillationBecause': [2393], 'expected': [2397], 'aerosolizing': [2402], 'procedure,': [2403, 3086], 'defibrillator,': [2411], 'arrest.EMSTransportFamily': [2422], 'contacts': [2426], 'ride': [2436], 'transport': [2439, 2942], 'vehicle.If': [2440], 'circulation': [2444, 2804, 3207], 'achieved': [2448, 3209], 'appropriate': [2450, 2811, 2989, 3118], 'field,': [2455], 'low': [2463], 'patient,17': [2469], 'balanced': [2470], 'prehospital': [2479], 'providers.In-Hospital': [2482], 'setting.': [2498], 'These': [2499], 'apply': [2504], 'known': [2509], 'negative.': [2513], 'Those': [2514], 'receive': [2517], 'support.': [2523], 'social': [2545], 'distancing': [2546], 'purposes.PrearrestAddress': [2547], 'directives': [2550], 'significant': [2571], 'change': [2572], 'increase': [2579, 3160], 'level': [2581, 2772], 'care.Closely': [2583], 'monitor': [2584], 'signs': [2586], 'symptoms': [2588], 'deterioration': [2591], 'intubations': [2598], 'put': [2600], 'risk.If': [2606], 'proactively': [2616], 'moving': [2617], 'negative-pressure': [2622], 'room/unit,': [2623], 'resuscitation.Close': [2635], 'door': [2637], 'prevent': [2641, 2733, 2743, 2798], 'contamination': [2643], 'adjacent': [2645], 'indoor': [2646], 'space.Intubated': [2647], 'Time': [2651, 2819], 'ArrestConsider': [2654], 'leaving': [2655], 'maintain': [2667], 'aerosolization.Adjust': [2674], 'allow': [2679, 3192], 'asynchronous': [2680, 2787], '(time': [2682], 'newborns).': [2688], 'Consider': [2689], 'following': [2691], 'suggestions:–': [2692], 'Increase': [2693], 'Fio2': [2695], '1.0.–': [2697], 'Use': [2698], 'either': [2699], 'pressure': [2700, 2707, 2771], 'volume': [2702, 2710], 'control': [2703, 2939], 'limit': [2706], 'tidal': [2709], 'generate': [2712], 'rise': [2715], '(4-6': [2716], 'mL/kg': [2717], 'ideal': [2718], 'body': [2719], 'often': [2722], 'targeted': [2723], '[6mL/kg': [2724], 'adults]).–': [2726], 'Adjust': [2727, 2748, 2780], 'trigger': [2729], '"off"': [2731], 'autotriggering': [2737], 'possibly': [2742], 'hyperventilation': [2744], 'trapping.–': [2747], 'rate': [2750], '10': [2752], 'breaths/min': [2753, 2760], 'pediatrics': [2757], '30': [2759], 'neonates.–': [2762], 'Assess': [2763], 'adjust': [2767], 'positive': [2769], 'end-expiratory': [2770], 'volumes': [2776], 'venous': [2778, 3100], 'return.–': [2779], 'alarms': [2781], 'deliver': [2783], 'full': [2784], 'breaths': [2785], 'compressions.–': [2789], 'Ensure': [2790], 'tube/tracheostomy': [2792], 'security': [2796], 'unplanned': [2799], 'extubation.If': [2800], 'achieved,': [2806], 'set': [2807], "patients'": [2813], 'condition.Prone': [2815], 'ArrestFor': [2821], 'prone': [2832, 2854, 2867, 2924], 'position': [2833, 2844, 2855, 2868, 2916, 2930], 'airway,': [2837, 2872], 'attempt': [2838], 'supine': [2843, 2884, 2907], 'continued': [2846], 'resuscitation.Although': [2847], 'effectiveness': [2849], 'completely': [2858], 'known,': [2859], 'avoid': [2878], 'turning': [2879], 'position,': [2885, 2908], 'able': [2887], 'so': [2890], 'aerosolization.': [2897], 'safely': [2901], 'transition': [2902], 'defibrillator': [2911], 'pads': [2912], 'anterior-posterior': [2915], 'provide': [2918], 'remaining': [2923], 'hands': [2926], 'over': [2931], 'T7/10': [2933], 'vertebral': [2934], 'bodies.18Postarrest': [2935], 'PatientsConsult': [2936], 'practices': [2940], 'concerning': [2941], 'resuscitation.Maternal': [2944], 'Neonatal': [2946, 3284, 3316, 3418], 'ConsiderationsNeonatal': [2947], 'ResuscitationEvery': [2948], 'newly': [2949, 2969], 'born': [2950, 2970], 'baby': [2951], 'skilled': [2955], 'attendant': [2956], 'prepared': [2957], 'resuscitate': [2959], 'regardless': [2960], 'status.': [2963], 'remains': [2966], 'unclear': [2967], 'babies': [2971], 'infectious': [2978], 'mothers': [2980], 'mother': [2992], 'source': [2996], 'team.Initial': [3002], 'steps:': [3003], 'Routine': [3004], 'initial': [3009], 'steps': [3010], 'aerosol': [3018], 'generating;': [3019], 'include': [3021], 'drying,': [3022], 'tactile': [3023], 'stimulation,': [3024], 'placement': [3025, 3037], 'plastic': [3028], 'bag': [3029], 'wrap,': [3031], 'assessment': [3032], 'rate,': [3035], 'pulse': [3039], 'oximetry': [3040], 'electrocardiographic': [3042], 'leads.Suction:': [3043], 'Suction': [3044], 'delivery': [3049, 3093, 3212], 'performed': [3053], 'routinely': [3054], 'clear': [3056], 'meconium-stained': [3058], 'amniotic': [3059], 'fluid.': [3060], 'Suctioning': [3061], 'indicated': [3069], 'uncomplicated': [3071], 'deliveries.Endotracheal': [3072], 'medications:': [3073], 'Endotracheal': [3074], 'instillation': [3075], 'medications': [3077], 'surfactant': [3080], 'epinephrine': [3082, 3095], 'via': [3088, 3096], 'uncuffed': [3090], 'tube.': [3091], 'Intravenous': [3092], 'low-lying': [3098], 'umbilical': [3099], 'catheter': [3101], 'preferred': [3104], 'route': [3105], 'resuscitation.Closed': [3110], 'incubators:': [3111], 'Closed': [3112], 'incubator': [3113], 'transfer': [3114], '(with': [3117], 'distancing)': [3119], 'used': [3122], 'intensive': [3125], 'but': [3130], 'virus.Maternal': [3137], 'ArrestThe': [3139], 'tenets': [3140], 'maternal': [3142], 'unchanged': [3146], 'women': [3148], 'COVID-19.The': [3153], 'physiological': [3155], 'changes': [3156], 'pregnancy': [3158], 'decompensation': [3165], 'pregnant': [3169], 'COVID-19.Preparation': [3172], 'perimortem': [3174, 3211], 'delivery,': [3175], 'occur': [3177], '4': [3179], 'minutes': [3180], 'initiated': [3185], 'early': [3186], 'assembly': [3194], 'obstetric': [3196], 'teams': [3199], 'even': [3202], 'required.DisclosuresDe': [3215], 'reports': [3217, 3250, 3266, 3321, 3367, 3401, 3455, 3462, 3489], 'fees': [3219, 3457, 3491], 'AgileMD;': [3221], 'grants': [3222, 3251, 3322, 3337, 3463], 'nonfinancial': [3224, 3233, 3368], 'EarlySense;': [3227], 'grants,': [3229], 'fees,': [3231], 'Philips': [3236], 'Healthcare;': [3237], 'addition,': [3239, 3348, 3377], 'Dr': [3240, 3248, 3264, 3300, 3319, 3349, 3365, 3378, 3399, 3444, 3453, 3460, 3487], 'patent': [3244, 3353, 3360, 3382], 'ARCD.P0535US.P2': [3246], 'pending.': [3247, 3398], 'Heart,': [3255], 'Lung,': [3256], 'Blood': [3258], 'Association.': [3263], 'serving': [3267], 'chair': [3270], 'member': [3272, 3308], '(academic': [3273], 'role,': [3274], 'remuneration)': [3276], 'coordinating': [3280], 'committee': [3281], 'Program': [3286, 3420], 'ACoRN': [3288], 'oversees': [3290], 'education': [3294], 'perinatal': [3296], 'sites': [3297], 'Alberta.': [3299], 'just': [3302], 'completed': [3303], 'term': [3305], 'International': [3311], 'Liaison': [3312], 'Force.': [3318], 'Philips,': [3324], 'Institutes': [3326, 3478], 'Health,': [3328, 3480], 'Zoll,': [3329], 'Patient-Centered': [3330], 'Outcomes': [3331], 'Research': [3332], 'Therapeutics;': [3336], 'Nihon': [3341, 3474], 'Kohden;': [3342], 'BrainCool.': [3346], 'cooling': [3355], 'technology': [3356], 'issued': [3357], 'fir': [3361], 'reperfusion': [3362], 'methodology': [3363], 'issued.': [3364], 'Action': [3371], 'First': [3372], 'Aid': [3373], 'SaveStation;': [3375], '"A': [3384], 'System': [3385], 'Method': [3387], 'Communication': [3391], 'Remotely': [3393], 'Activated': [3394], 'Assistance': [3396], 'Device"': [3397], 'Pediatrics': [3411], 'financial': [3413], 'relationships': [3414], 'related': [3415], 'Support,': [3425], 'where': [3426], 'programs': [3428], 'cobranded,': [3430], 'her': [3432], 'organizations': [3433], 'pay': [3434], 'each': [3435], 'royalties': [3437], 'revenue': [3440], 'programs.': [3443], 'does': [3446], 'personally': [3448], 'benefit': [3449], 'relationships.': [3452], 'Stryker.': [3459], 'Zoll': [3465], 'Corp,': [3467, 3476], 'Association/Resuscitation': [3470], 'Quality': [3471, 3485], 'Improvement': [3472], 'Program,': [3473], 'Kohden': [3475], 'Agency': [3482], 'Improvement.': [3486], 'UptoDate.': [3493], 'authors': [3496], 'report': [3497, 3838, 3899], 'no': [3498], 'conflicts.AppendixCollaborators:': [3499], 'Monique': [3500], 'Anderson': [3501], 'Starks,': [3502], 'MHS,': [3504], 'Duke': [3505], 'University;': [3506, 3687, 3721, 3770], 'Bentley': [3507], 'J.': [3508, 3552, 3587], 'Bobrow,': [3509], 'System;': [3515], 'Melissa': [3516, 3565], 'Stollery': [3519, 3662], 'Hospital;': [3521, 3557, 3603, 3651, 3657, 3697], 'Katherine': [3522], 'Beth': [3525], 'Israel': [3526], 'Deaconess': [3527], 'Center;': [3529, 3631], 'Jonathan': [3530], 'Duff,': [3532], 'MEd,': [3534, 3561, 3711], 'Alberta;': [3537, 3667], 'Benny': [3538], 'Joyner': [3540], 'Jr,': [3541], 'MPH,': [3543, 3621, 3733], 'North': [3546, 3743], 'Carolina': [3547, 3744], 'Chapel': [3549, 3746], 'Hill;': [3550, 3747], 'Javier': [3551], 'Lasa,': [3553], 'Arielle': [3558], 'Levy,': [3559, 3723], 'Montreal;': [3564], 'Mahgoub,': [3566], 'Association;': [3570, 3585, 3592], 'Michael': [3571, 3722], 'F.': [3572], "O'Connor,": [3573], 'Chicago;': [3577], 'Amber': [3578, 3586], 'V.': [3579], 'Hoover,': [3580], 'RN,': [3581, 3607], 'MSN,': [3582, 3606], 'Rodriguez,': [3588], 'Garth': [3593], 'Meckler': [3594], 'MSHS,': [3596], 'British': [3599], 'Columbia,': [3600], 'BC': [3601], 'Kathryn': [3604], 'Roberts,': [3605], 'CCRN-K,': [3608], 'CCNS;': [3609], 'Nicholas': [3610], 'Mohr,': [3612], 'MS,': [3614, 3798], 'Iowa;': [3617, 3624], 'Boulos': [3618], 'Nassar,': [3619], 'Lewis': [3625], 'Rubinson,': [3626], 'Morristown': [3629], 'Sutton,': [3634], 'MSCE,': [3636], 'Pennsylvania;': [3644], 'Stephen': [3645], 'Schexnayder,': [3647], 'Arkansas': [3649], 'Monica': [3652], 'Kleinman,': [3653], 'Boston': [3655], 'Allan': [3658], 'de': [3659], 'Caen,': [3660], 'Ryan': [3668], 'Morgan,': [3669], 'Medicine;': [3682, 3757], 'Farhan': [3683], 'Bhanji,': [3684], 'McGill': [3686], 'Susan': [3688], 'Fuchs,': [3689], 'H.': [3694], 'Lurie': [3695, 3716], 'Mark': [3698], 'Terry,': [3699], 'MPA,': [3700], 'Registry': [3702], 'Technicians;': [3706], 'McBride,': [3708], 'H': [3715], 'Chicago/Northwestern': [3720], 'Alaska': [3727], 'Anchorage;': [3728], 'Jose': [3729], 'G.': [3730], 'Cabanas,': [3731], 'Wake': [3734], 'County': [3735], 'Department': [3736], 'Services,': [3740], 'K.': [3749, 3759], 'Tan,': [3750], 'EMT-T,': [3752], 'Washington': [3753], 'Vivek': [3758], 'Moitra,': [3760], 'MHA,': [3762], 'Physicians': [3765], 'Surgeons': [3767], 'W.': [3772], 'Szokol,': [3773], 'Anesthesiologists.Footnoteshttps://www.ahajournals.org/journal/circComilla': [3778], '[email protected].': [3790], 'Virani': [3791], 'SS,': [3792], 'Alonso': [3793], 'A,': [3794], 'Benjamin': [3795], 'EJ,': [3796], 'Bittencourt': [3797], 'Callaway': [3799], 'CW,': [3800], 'Carson': [3801], 'AP,': [3802], 'Chamberlain': [3803], 'AM,': [3804], 'Chang': [3805], 'AR,': [3806], 'S,': [3808, 3969], 'Delling': [3809], 'FN,': [3810], 'et': [3811, 3936, 3974, 4056, 4095], 'al;': [3812], 'behalf': [3814], 'Council': [3820], 'Epidemiology': [3822], 'Prevention': [3824], 'Statistics': [3825, 3829], 'Stroke': [3828], 'Subcommittee.': [3830], 'stroke': [3834], 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