Title: <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> (Microsporidia): Identification of novel genotypes and evidence of transmission between sympatric wild boars ( <i>Sus scrofa ferus</i> ) and Iberian pigs ( <i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i> ) in Southern Spain
Abstract: Transboundary and Emerging DiseasesVolume 67, Issue 6 p. 2869-2880 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Microsporidia): Identification of novel genotypes and evidence of transmission between sympatric wild boars (Sus scrofa ferus) and Iberian pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) in Southern Spain Alejandro Dashti, orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-5731 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorAntonio Rivero-Juarez, orcid.org/0000-0002-5813-6889 Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorMónica Santín, orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-6255 Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USASearch for more papers by this authorPedro López-López, Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorJavier Caballero-Gómez, orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-3439 Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorMario Frías-Casas, Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorPamela C. Köster, orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-8824 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorBegoña Bailo, orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-9431 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorRafael Calero-Bernal, orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-0135 SALUVET, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorVerónica Briz, orcid.org/0000-0003-2297-5098 Viral Hepatitis Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorDavid Carmena, Corresponding Author [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-8553 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, Spain Correspondence David Carmena, Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain. Email: [email protected] for more papers by this author Alejandro Dashti, orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-5731 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorAntonio Rivero-Juarez, orcid.org/0000-0002-5813-6889 Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorMónica Santín, orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-6255 Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USASearch for more papers by this authorPedro López-López, Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorJavier Caballero-Gómez, orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-3439 Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorMario Frías-Casas, Infectious Diseases Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorPamela C. Köster, orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-8824 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorBegoña Bailo, orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-9431 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorRafael Calero-Bernal, orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-0135 SALUVET, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorVerónica Briz, orcid.org/0000-0003-2297-5098 Viral Hepatitis Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Majadahonda, Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorDavid Carmena, Corresponding Author [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-8553 Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Madrid, Spain Correspondence David Carmena, Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain. Email: [email protected] for more papers by this author First published: 05 June 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13658Citations: 5Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Microsporidia is a phylum of obligate emergent intracellular protist-like fungi pathogens that infect a broad range of hosts including vertebrates and invertebrates. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common cause of microsporidiosis in humans, affecting primarily immunosuppressed patients but also reported in immunocompetent individuals. Epidemiological information on the presence and molecular diversity of E. bieneusi in livestock and wildlife in Spain is limited. Therefore, the occurrence of this microsporidia was investigated in sympatric extensively reared Iberian pigs (n = 186) and free ranging wild boars (n = 142) in the province of Córdoba, Southern Spain. Forty-two Iberian pigs (22.6%) and three wild boars (2.1%) were found E. bieneusi positive by PCR. In Iberian pigs, occurrence of E. bieneusi was significantly higher in sows than in fattening pigs (31.6% vs. 11.4%; p = .001). Five genotypes were identified in Iberian pigs, four previously reported (EbpA, PigEb4, O, Pig HN-II) and a novel genotype (named PigSpEb1), while only two genotypes were identified in wild boars, EbpA and novel genotype PigSpEb1. All five genotypes identified belong to Group 1 suggesting zoonotic potential. This study constitutes the first report on the occurrence and molecular characterization of E. bieneusi in Iberian pigs and wild boars. The identification of two genotypes with zoonotic potential in sympatric Iberian pigs and wild boars suggests that E. bieneusi can be potentially transmitted between those two hosts, but also implies that they may act as natural sources of microsporidia infection to other hosts including humans. Open Research DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The data that support the findings of this study are available within the main body of the manuscript. Citing Literature Volume67, Issue6November 2020Pages 2869-2880 RelatedInformation