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'[email': [325], 'protected]': [326], 'Originally': [346, 1748], 'published16': [347], 'Mar': [348], '2020https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044109Circulation.': [349], '2020;141:937–939Antiarrhythmic': [350], 'drugs': [351, 939, 1582, 1710], '(AADs)': [352], 'are': [353, 425, 980, 1024, 1137, 1188], 'widely': [354], 'prescribed': [355, 616, 716, 731, 743, 818, 850], 'treat': [357, 984], 'both': [358], 'ventricular': [359, 603, 699, 1354, 1394], 'supraventricular': [361, 608, 705], 'arrhythmias.': [362, 986], 'Although': [363, 1058, 1125], 'efficacy': [365, 389], 'catheter': [367, 1270], 'ablation': [368, 1271, 1311], 'is': [369, 386, 1049, 1151, 1655], 'often': [370, 752], 'superior': [371], 'AADs,': [373, 845, 1144], 'medical': [374], 'rhythm': [375, 1456], 'control': [376, 1454, 1457], 'remains': [377], 'an': [378], 'important': [379, 1122], 'treatment': [380, 391], 'modality.1,2': [381], 'The': [382, 509, 687, 965, 1003, 1362, 1405], 'choice': [383], 'AAD': [385, 486, 555, 901, 957, 1148], 'affected': [387], 'specific': [394], 'arrhythmia,': [395], 'comorbidities': [396, 1136], 'including': [397, 598], 'structural': [398], 'heart': [399, 646, 656, 760], 'disease': [400, 404, 647, 657, 662, 670, 723, 727, 739, 761], 'chronic': [402, 660, 720, 737], 'kidney': [403, 661, 738], 'that': [405, 458, 514, 953, 1153], 'may': [406, 1146], 'contraindicate': [407], 'use': [409, 439, 487, 556, 1054, 1118], 'certain': [411], 'drugs,': [412], 'tolerability,': [413], 'long-term': [414], 'toxicities,': [415], 'need': [417], 'inpatient': [419], 'initiation.As': [420], 'results': [421], 'from': [422, 494, 519, 821, 895, 925, 940, 1012, 1649, 1715], 'landmark': [423], 'studies': [424], 'reported': [426], 'guidelines': [428], 'updated': [429], 'over': [430, 468, 488, 776], 'time,': [431, 813], 'practice': [432], 'patterns': [433], 'evolve.': [434], 'Important': [435], 'trials': [436], 'affecting': [437], 'AADs': [441, 459, 620, 819, 998, 1120, 1128], 'include': [442, 1081], 'CAST': [444], '(Cardiac': [445], 'Arrhythmia': [446, 573, 591, 1412], 'Suppression': [447, 1413], 'Trial)': [448], 'SWORD': [450, 1363], '(Survival': [451], 'with': [452, 828, 997, 1143, 1274, 1352, 1460, 1544, 1588], 'Oral': [453, 1367], 'D-Sotalol': [454], 'Study),': [455], 'which': [456, 874, 979], 'demonstrated': [457], 'could': [460], 'increase': [461, 1116], 'mortality.3,4': [462], 'Safety': [463], 'concerns': [464], 'have': [465], 'also': [466, 1130], 'arisen': [467], 'time': [469], 'individual': [471], 'agents,': [472], 'particularly': [473], 'amiodarone.5': [474], 'With': [475, 1366], 'evolving': [477], 'landscape,': [478], 'we': [479, 951, 1059, 1067], 'aimed': [480], 'investigate': [482], 'real-world': [483], 'trends': [484, 1577], 'a': [489, 500, 534, 563, 665, 888, 1200, 1278], '13-year': [490], 'period.Data': [491], 'were': [492, 557, 577, 593, 615, 626, 849, 969, 991, 1194], 'obtained': [493], 'Optum': [496, 1192, 1212], 'Clinformatics': [497], 'Data': [498], 'Mart,': [499], 'de-identified': [501], 'database': [502, 799], 'commercial': [504], 'Medicare': [506], 'Advantage': [507], 'claims.': [508, 1057], 'Institutional': [510], 'Review': [511], 'Board': [512], 'determined': [513], 'research': [516], 'was': [517, 678, 691, 788, 875, 1104], 'exempt': [518], 'regulatory': [521], 'requirements': [522], 'federal': [525], 'Common': [526], 'Rule.': [527], 'We': [528, 1077], 'identified': [529, 578, 610], 'all': [530], 'patients': [531, 561, 613, 640, 715, 730, 795, 817, 1017, 1141, 1273, 1351, 1459, 1543, 1587], 'who': [532, 614], 'filled': [533, 932], 'prescription': [535, 958], 'amiodarone,': [537, 837, 972], 'disopyramide,': [538, 848], 'dofetilide,': [539, 976], 'dronedarone,': [540], 'flecainide,': [541, 839, 974, 1399], 'mexiletine,': [542], 'propafenone,': [543], 'quinidine,': [544], 'or': [545, 618, 675, 694, 701, 725, 733, 758, 786, 1074], 'sotalol': [546, 732], 'between': [547, 621, 961], 'January': [548], 'December': [551], '2016.': [552, 624, 810, 928, 964], 'Rates': [553], 'calculated': [558], 'per': [559, 792, 806, 825, 865], '100,000': [560], 'among': [562, 971, 1016, 1140], 'total': [564], '63': [566, 772], 'million': [567, 773], 'unique': [568], 'individuals': [569], 'database.': [572, 1020], 'comorbid': [575], 'diagnoses': [576, 592, 924, 1007], 'using': [579], 'International': [580, 1062], 'Classification': [581, 1063], 'Diseases,': [583], 'Ninth': [584], 'Revision': [585, 588], 'Tenth': [587], 'diagnostic': [589, 1036], 'codes.': [590], 'combined': [594], 'into': [595], 'meaningful': [596], 'categories': [597], 'atrial': [599, 692, 784, 985, 1276, 1461, 1545, 1589, 1616, 1659, 1685, 1712], 'fibrillation': [600, 693, 702, 785, 988, 1660], 'flutter;': [602], 'tachycardia': [604, 700, 706, 1310], 'fibrillation;': [606], 'tachycardia.We': [609], '406': [611], '181': [612], '1': [617], '67.4±12.7': [627], 'years': [628], 'old': [629], 'mostly': [631], 'male': [632], '(59%)': [633], 'white': [635], '(72%).': [636], 'A': [637, 649, 1450, 1498, 1707], 'majority': [638], 'had': [641, 652, 668, 719, 736, 753], 'hypertension': [642], '(82.3%)': [643], 'ischemic': [645, 756], '(54.9%).': [648], 'substantial': [650, 831, 967], 'proportion': [651], 'cardiomyopathy': [653, 754], '(45.6%),': [654], 'valvular': [655, 759], '(44.1%),': [658], '(23.9%),': [663], 'small': [666], 'number': [667, 815], 'liver': [669, 726], '(5.6%).': [671], 'An': [672], 'implantable': [673], 'cardioverter-defibrillator': [674], 'permanent': [676], 'pacemaker': [677], 'present': [679, 789], '10.2%': [681], '10.5%': [683], 'patients,': [685, 868, 950], 'respectively.': [686], 'most': [688, 830, 936, 966, 993], 'common': [689, 937, 994, 1083], 'arrhythmia': [690, 766, 923, 1395], 'flutter': [695, 787, 990], '(82.2%),': [696], 'followed': [697], '(17.8%)': [703], '(16.2%).': [707], 'Despite': [708], 'known': [710], 'risk': [711], 'organ': [713], 'toxicity,': [714], 'amiodarone': [717], 'frequently': [718], 'obstructive': [721], 'lung': [722], '(40.9%)': [724], '(6.0%).': [728], 'Similarly,': [729], 'dofetilide': [734, 841], 'commonly': [735, 852, 981], '(18.1%),': [740], 'whereas': [741], 'those': [742], 'flecainide': [744], 'propafenone': [746], '(Vaughan': [747], 'Williams': [748], 'Class': [749], '1C': [750], 'AADs)': [751], '(21.7%),': [755], '(32.1%),': [757], '(36.81%).The': [762], 'prevalence': [763, 913, 1004, 1032], 'each': [765, 977], 'within': [767], 'entire': [769, 798], 'cohort': [770, 947], 'increased': [774, 803, 820, 1008], 'dramatically': [775], 'study': [778, 1001, 1048, 1187], 'period': [779], '(Figure': [780, 842], '[A]).': [781], 'For': [782], 'example,': [783], '142': [791], '100': [793, 807, 826, 866], '000': [794, 808, 867], '756': [805], 'During': [811], '345': [822], '979': [824], '000,': [827], 'growth': [832], 'noted': [833], 'prescriptions': [835, 902, 917, 933], 'sotalol,': [838, 973], '[B]).': [843], 'Two': [844], 'quinidine': [846], 'less': [851], 'than': [855, 1010], '(2': [858], 'versus': [859, 863, 1312], '3': [862], 'respectively,': [869], 'P<0.001': [870], 'both).': [872], 'Dronedarone,': [873], 'approved': [876], 'US': [879], 'Food': [880], 'Administration': [883], '2009': [885], 'issued': [887], 'Black': [889], 'Box': [890], 'warning': [891], '2011,': [893], 'decreased': [894], 'its': [896], 'peak': [897], '11%': [899], '2011': [904], 'only': [906], '6%': [907], '2016.Download': [909], 'figureDownload': [910], 'PowerPointFigure.': [911], 'Increasing': [912], 'arrhythmias': [915, 995], 'antiarrhythmic': [919, 938, 1084, 1265, 1315, 1581], 'drugs.A,': [920], 'Prevalence': [921], 'B,': [929, 1256, 1300, 1338, 1569], 'Rate': [930], '2016.In': [943], 'large': [945], 'national': [946], 'adult': [949], 'found': [952], 'rate': [955, 1453], 'nearly': [959], 'tripled': [960], 'increases': [968, 1023, 1030], 'observed': [970], 'used': [982, 1060, 1171, 1184, 1195], 'Atrial': [987, 1441], 'treated': [996, 1142], 'throughout': [999], 'period.': [1002], 'these': [1006, 1169], '5-fold': [1011], 'These': [1021], 'dramatic': [1022], 'likely': [1025], 'multifactorial': [1026], 'secondary': [1027], 'true': [1029], 'disease,': [1034], 'improved': [1035, 1540], 'recognition': [1037], 'through': [1038, 1199], 'intensive': [1040], 'monitoring,': [1041], 'enhanced': [1043], 'coding': [1044], 'practices.': [1045], 'This': [1046], 'retrospective': [1047], 'inherently': [1050], 'limited': [1051], 'administrative': [1056], 'validated': [1061], 'Diseases': [1065], 'codes,': [1066], 'cannot': [1068], 'exclude': [1069], 'possibility': [1071], 'incomplete': [1073], 'inaccurate': [1075], 'classification.': [1076], 'chose': [1078], 'not': [1079], 'other': [1082, 1156], 'medications': [1085], 'such': [1086], 'as': [1087], 'β-blockers': [1088], 'calcium': [1090], 'channel': [1091], 'blockers,': [1092], 'given': [1093], 'their': [1094], 'frequent': [1096], 'uses': [1097], 'nonarrhythmia': [1099], 'indications.': [1100], 'Last,': [1101], 'our': [1102, 1113], 'population': [1103], 'commercially': [1105], 'insured': [1106], 'nonelderly,': [1108], 'potentially': [1109, 1126], 'limiting': [1110], 'generalizability': [1111], 'findings.The': [1114], 'marked': [1115], 'raises': [1121], 'safety': [1123, 1163], 'concerns.': [1124], 'efficacious,': [1127], 'can': [1129, 1208], 'cause': [1131], 'toxicity': [1132], 'proarrhythmia.': [1134], 'highly': [1138], 'prevalent': [1139], 'limit': [1147], 'choice.': [1149], 'It': [1150], 'essential': [1152], 'prescribers': [1154], 'healthcare': [1157], 'providers': [1158], 'be': [1159, 1209], 'vigilant': [1160], 'about': [1161, 1204], 'profile,': [1164], 'contraindications,': [1165], 'interactions': [1167], 'increasingly': [1170], 'medications.Sources': [1172], 'FundingSupported': [1174], 'Pennsylvania': [1177], 'Steel': [1178], 'Company': [1179], 'EP': [1180, 1723], 'Fund.DisclosuresNone.Footnoteshttps://www.ahajournals.org/journal/circThe': [1182], 'data': [1183, 1207], 'property': [1190], 'investigators': [1198], 'contractual': [1201], 'agreement.': [1202], 'Inquiries': [1203], 'obtaining': [1205], 'similar': [1206], 'directed': [1210], 'at': [1213], 'https://www.optum.com/solutions/life-sciences/life-sciences-contact.html.David': [1214], 'david.[email': [1234], 'protected]upenn.eduReferences1.': [1235], 'Wilber': [1236], 'DJ,': [1237, 1334], 'Pappone': [1238], 'C,': [1239, 1480], 'Neuzil': [1240], 'P,': [1241, 1306, 1486, 1638], 'De': [1242], 'Paola': [1243], 'A,': [1244, 1248, 1478, 1484], 'F,': [1246], 'Natale': [1247], 'Macle': [1249], 'L,': [1250, 1296, 1302, 1304, 1561], 'Daoud': [1251], 'EG,': [1252], 'Calkins': [1253], 'H,': [1254, 1330, 1604, 1606], 'Hall': [1255], 'et': [1257, 1307, 1439], 'al;': [1258, 1440], 'ThermoCool': [1259], 'AF': [1260], 'Trial': [1261, 1414], 'Investigators.': [1262, 1364, 1449], 'Comparison': [1263], 'drug': [1266, 1680], 'therapy': [1267], 'radiofrequency': [1269], 'paroxysmal': [1275], 'fibrillation:': [1277, 1617, 1713], 'randomized': [1279], 'controlled': [1280], 'trial.JAMA.': [1281], '2010;': [1282], '303:333–340.': [1283], 'doi:': [1284, 1322, 1371, 1468], '10.1001/jama.2009.2029CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1285], 'Scholar2.': [1286], 'Sapp': [1287], 'JL,': [1288, 1385], 'Wells': [1289], 'GA,': [1290], 'Parkash': [1291], 'R,': [1292], 'Stevenson': [1293], 'WG,': [1294], 'Blier': [1295], 'Sarrazin': [1297], 'JF,': [1298, 1336], 'Thibault': [1299], 'Rivard': [1301], 'Gula': [1303], 'Leong-Sit': [1305], 'al.': [1308], 'Ventricular': [1309], 'escalation': [1313], 'drugs.N': [1316], 'Engl': [1317, 1463], 'J': [1318, 1464, 1495, 1519, 1642], 'Med.': [1319, 1465], '2016;': [1320], '375:111–121.': [1321], '10.1056/NEJMoa1513614CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1323], 'Scholar3.': [1324], 'Waldo': [1325, 1421], 'AL,': [1326, 1422], 'Camm': [1327, 1706], 'AJ,': [1328], 'deRuyter': [1329], 'Friedman': [1331], 'PL,': [1332], 'MacNeil': [1333], 'Pauls': [1335], 'Pitt': [1337], 'Pratt': [1339], 'CM,': [1340], 'Schwartz': [1341], 'PJ,': [1342], 'Veltri': [1343], 'EP.': [1344], 'Effect': [1345], 'd-sotalol': [1347], 'on': [1348], 'mortality': [1349, 1541], 'left': [1353], 'dysfunction': [1355], 'after': [1356, 1402], 'recent': [1357], 'remote': [1359], 'myocardial': [1360, 1403], 'infarction.': [1361, 1404], 'Survival': [1365], 'd-Sotalol.Lancet.': [1368], '1996;': [1369], '348:7–12.': [1370], '10.1016/s0140-6736(96)02149-6CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1372], 'Scholar4.': [1373], 'AE,': [1375], 'Hallstrom': [1376], 'AP,': [1377], 'Rogers': [1378], 'WJ,': [1379], 'Liebson': [1380], 'PR,': [1381], 'Seals': [1382], 'AA,': [1383], 'Anderson': [1384], 'Cohen': [1386], 'JD,': [1387], 'Capone': [1388], 'RJ,': [1389], 'Wyse': [1390, 1419], 'DG.': [1391], 'Mortality': [1392], 'following': [1393], 'suppression': [1396], 'encainide,': [1398], 'moricizine': [1401], 'original': [1406], 'design': [1407], 'concept': [1408], 'Cardiac': [1411], '(CAST).JAMA.': [1415], '1993;': [1416], '270:2451–2455.CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1417], 'Scholar5.': [1418], 'DG,': [1420], 'DiMarco': [1423], 'JP,': [1424], 'Domanski': [1425], 'MJ,': [1426], 'Rosenberg': [1427], 'Y,': [1428], 'Schron': [1429], 'EB,': [1430], 'Kellen': [1431], 'JC,': [1432], 'Greene': [1433], 'HL,': [1434], 'Mickel': [1435], 'MC,': [1436], 'Dalquist': [1437], 'JE,': [1438], 'Fibrillation': [1442], 'Follow-up': [1443], 'Investigation': [1444], 'Rhythm': [1446], 'Management': [1447], '(AFFIRM)': [1448], 'comparison': [1451], 'fibrillation.N': [1462], '2002;': [1466], '347:1825–1833.': [1467], '10.1056/NEJMoa021328CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1469], 'Scholar': [1470], 'Previous': [1471], 'Back': [1472], 'top': [1474], 'Next': [1475], 'FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited': [1476], 'ByCamm': [1477], 'Blomström‐Lundqvist': [1479], 'Boriani': [1481], 'G,': [1482], 'Goette': [1483], 'Kowey': [1485], 'Merino': [1487], 'J,': [1488, 1490, 1563, 1602, 1640, 1702], 'Piccini': [1489], 'Saksena': [1491], 'S': [1492, 1534, 1608, 1704], 'Reiffel': [1494], '(2022)': [1496, 1523], 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[1559], 'Bereznicki': [1560], 'Radford': [1562], 'Salahudeen': [1564], 'M,': [1565], 'Garrahy': [1566], 'E,': [1567], 'Wimmer': [1568], 'Bindoff': [1570], 'I': [1571], 'Peterson': [1573], 'G': [1574], 'Ten‐year': [1576], 'prescribing': [1579], 'Australian': [1584], 'primary': [1585], 'care': [1586], 'Journal,': [1593], '10.1111/imj.15514,': [1594], '51:10,': [1595], '(1732-1735),': [1596], '1-Oct-2021.': [1600], 'Sutanto': [1603], 'Crijns': [1605], 'Nattel': [1607, 1635], 'Trayanova': [1610], 'N': [1611, 1677], 'Computational': [1613], 'models': [1614], 'achievements,': [1618], 'challenges,': [1619], 'perspectives': [1621], 'improving': [1623, 1665], 'clinical': [1624, 1653], 'care,': [1625], 'Research,': [1627, 1668], '10.1093/cvr/cvab138,': [1628], '117:7,': [1629, 1670], '(1682-1699),': [1630], '16-Jun-2021.': [1634, 1675], 'S,': [1636], 'Sager': [1637], 'Hüser': [1639], 'Why': [1647], 'translation': [1648], 'basic': [1650], 'discoveries': [1651], 'applications': [1654], 'so': 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