Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3007745331', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2016(i-i).03', 'title': 'A History of Prison Reforms in Pakistan', 'display_name': 'A History of Prison Reforms in Pakistan', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-12-30', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3007745331', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2016(i-i).03', 'mag': '3007745331'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2016(i-i).03', 'pdf_url': 'http://grrjournal.com/jadmin/Auther/31rvIolA2LALJouq9hkR/lba38pWChR.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210196032', 'display_name': 'Global Regional Review', 'issn_l': '2616-955X', 'issn': ['2616-955X', '2663-7030'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'http://grrjournal.com/jadmin/Auther/31rvIolA2LALJouq9hkR/lba38pWChR.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055271992', 'display_name': 'Zahid Anwar', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I36001604', 'display_name': 'University of Peshawar', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02t2qwf81', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I36001604']}], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zahid Anwar', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I36001604']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065770214', 'display_name': 'S. Zubair Shah', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I36001604', 'display_name': 'University of Peshawar', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02t2qwf81', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I36001604']}], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Zubair Shah', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I36001604']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 4, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.814947, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 79, 'max': 81}, 'biblio': {'volume': 'I', 'issue': 'I', 'first_page': '35', 'last_page': '47'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11464', 'display_name': 'Homelessness and Social Issues', 'score': 0.8999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11464', 'display_name': 'Homelessness and Social Issues', 'score': 0.8999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14437', 'display_name': 'Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare', 'score': 0.8563, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10318', 'display_name': 'Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis', 'score': 0.825, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/conformity', 'display_name': 'Conformity', 'score': 0.7101195}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/prison-reform', 'display_name': 'Prison reform', 'score': 0.4869555}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780656516', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40357', 'display_name': 'Prison', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9641097}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142172996', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221284', 'display_name': 'Conformity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7101195}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158071213', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257', 'display_name': 'Ideology', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.58595634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5801632}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169437150', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458', 'display_name': 'Human rights', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5347053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777682757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7245788', 'display_name': 'Prison reform', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4869555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12713177', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281', 'display_name': 'Perspective (graphical)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47492465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.47376993}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555826173', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174', 'display_name': 'Democracy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47227988}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4445939', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432', 'display_name': 'Islam', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46401843}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73484699', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733', 'display_name': 'Criminology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3968203}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3116431', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728', 'display_name': 'Public administration', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.386744}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2940631}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14457056}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0966641}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2016(i-i).03', 'pdf_url': 'http://grrjournal.com/jadmin/Auther/31rvIolA2LALJouq9hkR/lba38pWChR.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210196032', 'display_name': 'Global Regional Review', 'issn_l': '2616-955X', 'issn': ['2616-955X', '2663-7030'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://zenodo.org/record/2604450', 'pdf_url': 'https://zenodo.org/records/2604450/files/3-A%20History%20of%20Prison%20Reforms%20in%20Pakistan.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400562', 'display_name': 'Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I67311998', 'host_organization_name': 'European Organization for Nuclear Research', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67311998'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Organization for Nuclear Research'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2016(i-i).03', 'pdf_url': 'http://grrjournal.com/jadmin/Auther/31rvIolA2LALJouq9hkR/lba38pWChR.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210196032', 'display_name': 'Global Regional Review', 'issn_l': '2616-955X', 'issn': ['2616-955X', '2663-7030'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16', 'score': 0.82}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4385237712', 'https://openalex.org/W4313348714', 'https://openalex.org/W4254821541', 'https://openalex.org/W4234435977', 'https://openalex.org/W3026549402', 'https://openalex.org/W2888435638', 'https://openalex.org/W2382394671', 'https://openalex.org/W2376364241', 'https://openalex.org/W2002323478', 'https://openalex.org/W1553391997'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Pakistan': [0, 30, 43, 112, 127], 'has': [1, 15, 44], 'been': [2, 22, 58, 65, 83], 'following': [3], 'the': [4, 8, 26, 34, 46, 52, 61, 68, 71, 123], 'prison': [5, 13, 27, 36, 53, 109, 124], 'system': [6, 14, 28, 125], 'of': [7, 40, 70, 74, 90], 'British': [9], 'Empire.': [10], 'The': [11, 38, 77, 100], 'Pakistani': [12, 75], 'gone': [16], 'through': [17], 'many': [18], 'changes.': [19], 'Efforts': [20], 'have': [21, 57, 64, 82], 'made': [23], 'to': [24, 60, 107, 120], 'bring': [25], 'in': [29, 31, 42, 51, 111, 113, 121, 126], 'conformity': [32], 'with': [33, 128], 'modern': [35], 'system.': [37, 54], 'restoration': [39], 'democracy': [41], 'paved': [45], 'way': [47], 'for': [48, 67, 79], 'further': [49], 'reforms': [50, 110], 'Many': [55], 'suggestions': [56, 119], 'forwarded': [59], 'authorities': [62], 'and': [63, 95, 116], 'requested': [66], 'modification': [69], 'inside': [72], 'condition': [73], 'jails.': [76], 'data': [78], 'this': [80], 'paper': [81], 'collected': [84], 'from': [85], 'Human': [86], 'Rights': [87], 'Organization/': [88], 'Council': [89, 94], 'Pakistan,': [91], 'Islamic': [92], 'Ideological': [93], 'jail': [96], 'training': [97], 'institute': [98], 'Lahore.': [99], 'research': [101], 'under': [102], 'focus': [103], 'is': [104], 'an': [105], 'attempt': [106], 'explore': [108], 'historical': [114], 'perspective': [115], 'put': [117], 'forward': [118], 'tune': [122], 'International': [129], 'standard.': [130]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3007745331', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-11T01:47:56.413368', 'created_date': '2020-03-06'}