Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3006318058', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.01.002', 'title': 'Contrast sensitivity function with soft contact lens wear', 'display_name': 'Contrast sensitivity function with soft contact lens wear', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-02-13', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3006318058', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.01.002', 'mag': '3006318058', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32063505', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7182777'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.01.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S136119960', 'display_name': 'Journal of Optometry', 'issn_l': '1989-1342', 'issn': ['1989-1342', '1888-4296'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.01.002', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029054853', 'display_name': 'Kishor Sapkota', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1850-0690'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I99682543', 'display_name': 'University of Minho', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/037wpkx04', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Kishor Sapkota', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center of Physics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center of Physics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044800069', 'display_name': 'Sandra Franco', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2296-3073'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I99682543', 'display_name': 'University of Minho', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/037wpkx04', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sandra Franco', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center of Physics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center of Physics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072893977', 'display_name': 'Madalena Lira', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5564-0097'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I99682543', 'display_name': 'University of Minho', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/037wpkx04', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Madalena Lira', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center of Physics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center of Physics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5029054853'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543'], 'apc_list': {'value': 1680, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1680, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1680, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1680, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 1.112, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 7, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.854899, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 82, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': '13', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '96', 'last_page': '101'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10997', 'display_name': 'Ocular Surface and Contact Lens', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10997', 'display_name': 'Ocular Surface and Contact Lens', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10381', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies', 'score': 0.9989, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11013', 'display_name': 'Skin Protection and Aging', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2708', 'display_name': 'Dermatology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cls-upper-limits', 'display_name': 'CLs upper limits', 'score': 0.9615692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/silicone-hydrogel', 'display_name': 'Silicone hydrogel', 'score': 0.6414436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-difference', 'display_name': 'Mean difference', 'score': 0.45860207}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190729725', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5012817', 'display_name': 'CLs upper limits', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9615692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2986805488', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23797', 'display_name': 'Contact lens', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8806792}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.77334726}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3020124426', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6639706', 'display_name': 'Silicone hydrogel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6414436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118487528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.60414946}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15336307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051', 'display_name': 'Lens (geology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57131165}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3018023364', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265', 'display_name': 'Significant difference', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5180721}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776502983', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182', 'display_name': 'Contrast (vision)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5003605}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105054674', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707381', 'display_name': 'Mean difference', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45860207}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119767625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211', 'display_name': 'Optometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3294347}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31154633}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15413871}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44249647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498', 'display_name': 'Confidence interval', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.10622096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003263', 'descriptor_name': 'Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015350', 'descriptor_name': 'Contrast Sensitivity', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005139', 'descriptor_name': 'Eyeglasses', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009216', 'descriptor_name': 'Myopia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015350', 'descriptor_name': 'Contrast Sensitivity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009216', 'descriptor_name': 'Myopia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009216', 'descriptor_name': 'Myopia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010342', 'descriptor_name': 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011446', 'descriptor_name': 'Prospective Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000072776', 'descriptor_name': 'Slit Lamp Microscopy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055815', 'descriptor_name': 'Young Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.01.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S136119960', 'display_name': 'Journal of Optometry', 'issn_l': '1989-1342', 'issn': ['1989-1342', '1888-4296'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7182777', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7182777?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1822/67044', 'pdf_url': 'https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/67044/1/Contrast%20sensitivity%20function%20with%20soft%20contact%20lens%20wear.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400354', 'display_name': 'RepositóriUM (Universidade do Minho)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I99682543', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Minho', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I99682543'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Minho'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7182777', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32063505', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.01.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S136119960', 'display_name': 'Journal of Optometry', 'issn_l': '1989-1342', 'issn': ['1989-1342', '1888-4296'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 28, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1543130240', 'https://openalex.org/W1565892147', 'https://openalex.org/W162493624', 'https://openalex.org/W1983976362', 'https://openalex.org/W1997684290', 'https://openalex.org/W1999908130', 'https://openalex.org/W2004663593', 'https://openalex.org/W2009308150', 'https://openalex.org/W2014517688', 'https://openalex.org/W2027153951', 'https://openalex.org/W2038464199', 'https://openalex.org/W2038876685', 'https://openalex.org/W2040332751', 'https://openalex.org/W2051339087', 'https://openalex.org/W2068364217', 'https://openalex.org/W2074041827', 'https://openalex.org/W2083356498', 'https://openalex.org/W2096572969', 'https://openalex.org/W2098624190', 'https://openalex.org/W2103202258', 'https://openalex.org/W2123394890', 'https://openalex.org/W2326468273', 'https://openalex.org/W2326512731', 'https://openalex.org/W2410889524', 'https://openalex.org/W2548546648', 'https://openalex.org/W268346384', 'https://openalex.org/W2800341854', 'https://openalex.org/W98738510'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W980842269', 'https://openalex.org/W4213344330', 'https://openalex.org/W3006318058', 'https://openalex.org/W2961730694', 'https://openalex.org/W2915945546', 'https://openalex.org/W2880095286', 'https://openalex.org/W2474714513', 'https://openalex.org/W2316174122', 'https://openalex.org/W2138049055', 'https://openalex.org/W1582868046'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'To': [0, 14], 'compare': [1], 'contrast': [2], 'sensitivity': [3], 'function': [4], '(CSF)': [5], 'with': [6, 29, 47, 59, 111, 145, 152, 187, 216, 223, 226, 230], 'soft': [7], 'contact': [8, 33], 'lens': [9, 34, 63, 75, 132, 196, 241], '(SCL)': [10], 'and': [11, 71, 84, 102, 113, 117, 134, 160, 191, 207, 236], 'spectacles': [12, 48, 112, 153], 'wear.': [13, 242], 'investigate': [15], 'the': [16, 50, 81, 86, 99, 150, 185], 'effect': [17, 130], 'of': [18, 22, 32, 89, 124, 131, 157, 175, 195, 240], 'a': [19, 60, 72], 'three-month': [20], 'period': [21], 'SCL': [23], 'wear': [24, 36, 126, 197, 218], 'on': [25, 98, 115, 137], 'CSF.Forty-seven': [26], 'myopic': [27], 'subjects': [28, 56], 'no': [30, 170, 201], 'history': [31], '(CL)': [35], 'were': [37, 57, 127], 'included': [38], 'in': [39, 68, 80, 109, 147, 184, 203], 'this': [40], 'longitudinal': [41], 'prospective': [42], 'study.': [43], 'CSF': [44, 94, 110, 120, 138, 186, 204, 228], 'was': [45, 95, 140, 143, 169, 182, 200], 'measured': [46, 96], 'using': [49], 'CSV-1000': [51], '(VectorVision,': [52], 'Greenvile,': [53], 'OH).': [54], 'Subsequently,': [55], 'fitted': [58], 'daily': [61, 215], 'disposable': [62, 74], '(Nelfilcon-A,': [64], 'Stenofilcon-A': [65], 'or': [66, 78], 'Nesofilcon-A)': [67], 'one': [69], 'eye': [70, 83], 'monthly': [73, 217], '(Lotrafilcon-B,': [76], 'Comfilcon-A': [77], 'Balafilcon-A)': [79], 'other': [82], 'wore': [85], 'same': [87, 100], 'type': [88], 'CLs': [90, 114, 125, 146, 188, 209, 219, 224], 'for': [91, 154, 172], 'three': [92, 104, 122, 193], 'months.': [93], 'again': [97], 'day': [101], 'after': [103, 121, 192, 237], 'months': [105, 123, 194, 239], 'wearing': [106, 135], 'CLs.': [107], 'Differences': [108], 'baseline': [116, 190, 235], 'changes': [118], 'to': [119, 149], 'assessed.': [128], 'The': [129], 'materials': [133], 'modality': [136], 'change': [139], 'also': [141], 'investigated.CSF': [142], 'higher': [144], 'comparison': [148], 'values': [151, 229], 'spatial': [155, 173], 'frequencies': [156], '3,': [158], '6': [159], '12': [161], 'cycles': [162], 'per': [163], 'degree': [164], '(cpd)': [165], '(p<0.05)': [166], 'while': [167], 'there': [168], 'difference': [171, 181, 202], 'frequency': [174], '18': [176], 'cpd': [177], '(p=0.114).': [178], 'No': [179], 'significant': [180], 'found': [183], 'between': [189, 205, 234], '(p>0.05).': [198], 'There': [199], 'hydrogel': [206], 'silicone': [208], 'as': [210, 212], 'well': [211], 'when': [213], 'comparing': [214], '(p>0.05).CSF': [220], 'is': [221], 'better': [222], 'than': [225], 'spectacles.': [227], 'CL': [231], 'are': [232], 'similar': [233], '3': [238]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3006318058', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T01:05:22.780208', 'created_date': '2020-02-24'}