Title: Phytochemical Extraction and Antimicrobial Studies on Crude Leaf Extract of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) in Semi-Arid Region of Borno State, Nigeria
Abstract: Crude leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica (Neem) was subjected to invitro phytochemical screening and antimicrobial assays against some selected microbial pathogens by well diffusion technique. A qualitative preliminary phytochemical screening of crude leaf extracts showed the existence of bioactive phytocomponents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and reducing sugars in the leaves. Soxhlet extraction was also performed by using different solvent system for the analysis, chloroform, hexane, methanol, and ethyl acetate. Extracts of leaf showed significant antimicrobial activity against microbial pathogens. Chloroform and methanol extracts showed highest and moderate activity against the tested microbial pathogens, while other extracts showed lowest activity. The bioactive compounds crude leaf extracts of neem subjected to antimicrobial activity against pathogens shows remarkable sensitivity with higher zone of inhibition ranging from 20mm to 27mm against streptococcus mutans, Ecoli, streptococcus pyogenes using chloroform, ethyl acetate and Hexane extract. While moderate zone of inhibition ranging from 14mm to 17mm was obtained against staphalococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeroginosa, Candida albicans using methanol, chloroform. Whereas weak zone of inhibition ranging from 10mm to 12mm was obtained against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and streptococcus pyogenes using methanol, hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The bioactive phytocomponents of those showing antimicrobial activities could be exploited as the source of a potent bioactive ingredient for ethanobotanical approach and to build up potential pharmaceutical products to improve the quality of health care in the study area.
Publication Year: 2019
Publication Date: 2019-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
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Cited By Count: 8
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