Publication Information

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1727, 2548, 2908], 'facilitate': [243, 821, 1433], 'alliance': [245], 'devices.': [248, 4141], 'The': [249, 261, 282, 374, 422, 668, 834, 1065, 1612, 1945, 1991, 2091, 2174, 2277, 2454, 2467, 2546, 2559, 2572, 2852, 2888, 2901, 2964, 2973, 2993, 3088, 3684, 3724, 3817, 3844, 3937, 4085, 4120, 4158, 4191, 4418, 4432], 'CPS': [250, 908, 944, 980, 1102, 1143, 1211, 1230, 1244, 1270, 1849, 1941, 1971, 2041, 2114, 2118, 2159, 2307, 2330, 2587, 3494, 3577, 3606, 3625, 3634, 3890, 4427, 4445, 4468, 4480], 'assimilates,': [251], 'analyses': [252], 'shares': [254], 'processed': [256, 840, 2223, 3821], 'information': [257, 897, 2048, 2201, 3346], 'among': [258, 612, 2049, 3302, 3423], 'applications.': [260, 1094, 2139, 2626], 'traditional': [262, 4173, 4188], 'network': [263, 491, 674, 695, 697, 731, 898, 923, 995, 1003, 1056, 1071, 1122, 1248, 1276, 1287, 1315, 1372, 1429, 1488, 1497, 1514, 1564, 1610, 1696, 1717, 1759, 2125, 2260, 2298, 2336, 2377, 2393, 2399, 2452, 2492, 2502, 2592, 2634, 2713, 2765, 2819, 2843, 2955, 3327, 4015, 4044, 4079], 'infrastructure': [264, 991, 1051, 2864], 'is': [265, 307, 338, 354, 363, 504, 1073, 1082, 1126, 1144, 1249, 1259, 1761, 2126, 2148, 2179, 2315, 2355, 2470, 2514, 2528, 2576, 2702, 2883, 2891, 2966, 3016, 3072, 3137, 3176, 3234, 3264, 3270, 3318, 3340, 3356, 3367, 3382, 3391, 3396, 3446, 3542, 3555, 3579, 3598, 3615, 3627, 3649, 3688, 3694, 3704, 3759, 3774, 3808, 3831, 3874, 3906, 3918, 3944, 3952, 3957, 3973, 3997, 4041, 4054, 4081, 4127, 4134, 4142, 4148, 4161, 4179, 4196, 4202, 4210, 4225, 4231, 4239, 4250, 4258, 4267, 4286, 4291, 4298, 4316, 4329, 4332, 4341, 4358, 4395], 'not': [266, 1593, 2759, 3011, 3616], 'designed': [267, 2014], 'support': [269, 779, 2150, 2856], 'increasing': [271], 'demand': [272, 465, 480, 2640], 'high': [274, 1466, 1663, 2099, 4014, 4078], 'scalability': [275], 'real-time': [277, 665, 2192, 2263, 2349, 2359, 2673, 3056], 'delivery': [278], 'ultra-low': [280, 320, 2403], 'delay.': [281, 3323], 'proposed': [283, 308, 339, 381, 1098, 1145, 1184, 1431, 1509, 1524, 1587, 1618, 1639, 1671, 1895, 1913, 1919, 1949, 1992, 2029, 2074, 2104, 2146, 2329, 2547, 2703, 2787, 2853, 2974, 3290, 3413, 3470, 3647, 3845, 4125, 4159, 4339], 'addresses': [285], 'these': [286], 'issues': [287, 1346, 1480, 1630, 3887], 'utilising': [289], 'resources': [292, 1072, 1123, 1149, 1535, 2256, 2279, 2304, 2385, 2422, 2503, 2560, 2635, 2699, 2709, 2714, 2781, 2829, 2840, 2848, 2870, 2923, 2951, 2960, 3006, 3120, 3143, 3152, 3512, 3568, 3586, 3697, 3837], 'fog': [294, 721, 751, 789, 802, 819, 843, 978, 989, 1216, 1283, 1312, 1428, 1534, 1555, 1833, 1864, 1943, 1974, 2037, 2062, 2108, 2134, 2245, 2252, 2283, 2353, 2439, 2689, 2720, 2812, 2868, 2879, 3248, 3847, 4168, 4218, 4237, 4370], 'nodes': [295, 752, 803, 820, 844, 1673, 1834, 2855, 2981, 3155, 3856], 'software-defined': [297, 346, 702], 'networking': [298, 703], 'in': [299, 344, 359, 370, 462, 904, 949, 971, 992, 1004, 1037, 1048, 1075, 1114, 1212, 1222, 1231, 1245, 1251, 1296, 1316, 1334, 1347, 1354, 1369, 1396, 1410, 1446, 1471, 1481, 1516, 1565, 1631, 1697, 1718, 1771, 1786, 1820, 1842, 1850, 1896, 1939, 2006, 2070, 2106, 2122, 2171, 2320, 2327, 2366, 2435, 2441, 2530, 2578, 2583, 2595, 2664, 2770, 2803, 2871, 3280, 3307, 3328, 3351, 3360, 3384, 3398, 3427, 3461, 3549, 3561, 3663, 3767, 3891, 3943, 4038, 4051, 4066, 4087, 4129, 4324, 4354, 4407, 4412, 4428, 4446, 4463, 4483], 'network.': [302, 768, 1032, 1234, 1357, 1399, 1449, 1475, 1549, 1568, 1723, 1823, 2681, 2874, 2918, 3310, 3386, 3430, 3828, 3894], 'A': [303], 'scalable': [304, 1047], 'OpticalFog': [305, 368, 1154, 2289, 2368, 2447, 2518, 2526, 2557, 2618, 2685, 2808, 2854, 2899, 2911, 2934, 2971, 2980, 3008, 3020, 3089, 3095, 3133, 3154, 3231, 3259, 3268, 3276, 3333, 3404, 3855], 'node': [306, 369, 790, 1043, 2290, 2448, 2519, 2527, 2619, 2652, 2686, 2809, 2912, 2935, 3009, 3136, 3239, 3260, 3334, 3405], 'that': [309, 362, 723, 753, 1085, 1146, 1432, 1591, 1626, 1642, 1674, 1728, 1862, 1923, 2065, 2412, 2612, 2715, 2757, 3118, 3320, 3379, 3857, 3884, 3920, 4331, 4388], 'creates': [310, 750], 'cyberspace': [312], 'near': [313], 'devices,': [316, 487, 632], 'thus': [317], 'providing': [318, 328, 2671, 3100, 3140, 3854], 'an': [319, 336, 463, 1079, 1460, 1588, 1640, 1757, 1808, 1920, 1955, 1969], 'delay,': [321, 4026], 'minimising': [322], 'energy': [324, 1469, 2088, 2100, 2407, 3869, 3882, 4103, 4107, 4121, 4136, 4144, 4150], 'consumption.': [325, 3870], 'Moreover,': [326], 'service': [329, 1089, 1542, 1666, 2053, 2068], 'assurance': [330, 1090], 'various': [333, 1092, 1752, 2348, 3304, 4464], 'CPS-based': [334, 1035, 1093, 1171, 1294, 1325, 2138, 2350, 2895, 2988, 3076, 3220, 3818], 'applications,': [335, 571, 580, 2351], 'algorithm': [337, 353, 1893, 1958, 2077, 2105, 2314, 2975, 3112, 3287, 3471, 3648], 'place': [341, 3500, 3708], 'task': [343, 1882, 2312, 3015, 3028, 3052, 3071, 3125, 3167, 3175, 3190, 3198, 3211, 3253, 3285, 3503, 3541, 3578, 3595, 3607, 3614, 3626, 3635, 3711, 3717, 3773], 'networking.': [347], 'Finally,': [348, 1193, 1383, 1426, 4046, 4385], 'performance': [350, 1160, 1946, 4090], 'evaluated': [355, 1995, 3127, 4162], 'through': [356], 'simulation': [358, 2096, 4357, 4378], 'iFogSim': [360], 'toolkit': [361], 'used': [364, 1924, 2365, 2424, 2967, 3341], 'implement': [366], 'environment.': [373], 'results': [375, 1190, 1903, 2092, 4086], 'showed': [376, 1751, 2097], 'effectiveness': [378], 'system.': [382, 1185, 2109, 4175, 4351], '1': [383, 3114], 'Introduction': [384], 'In': [385, 814, 851, 887, 1137, 1303, 1569, 2505, 2691, 2875, 3324, 3497, 3534, 3572, 4477], 'last': [387], 'two': [388, 1623, 2162, 2241, 3162, 3521], 'decades,': [389], 'mobile': [390, 412, 441, 467, 533, 1002, 1424, 1563], 'wireless': [392, 511, 535, 1474, 1633, 1788], 'generations': [393], 'made': [395], 'tremendous': [396, 947], 'growth': [397], 'wide': [403], 'range': [404], 'smart': [411, 578, 1018], 'devices': [413, 442, 622, 761, 771, 783, 829, 924, 1681, 2157, 2205, 2411, 2535, 4112], 'like': [414, 952, 2386, 2745, 2940, 3035, 4491], 'laptops,': [415], 'smartphones,': [416], 'tablets,': [417], 'phablets': [418], 'so': [420, 582, 960, 2656, 3047, 4501], 'on.': [421, 961, 2657, 3048, 4502], 'first': [423, 428, 436, 1828, 3536], 'generation': [424, 439, 449, 509, 531], 'brought': [425], 'very': [427, 1253], 'cell': [429], 'phones,': [430], 'second-generation': [431], 'provided': [432, 1374, 1621, 1725, 1859], 'time,': [437, 3955, 4249], 'third': [438], 'connected': [440, 620, 2884], 'Internet': [445, 456, 856, 940], 'fourth': [448], 'delivered': [450], 'fast': [451, 688, 1088], 'speed': [452, 604], 'enjoy': [454], 'day-to-day': [455], 'requirements': [457, 3034, 3207], '[1,': [458], '2],': [459], 'hence': [460], 'resulting': [461], 'increased': [464, 4396], 'broadband': [468], 'services.': [469, 667, 886, 1582, 1838], 'Since': [470, 2722], 'massive': [472], 'number': [473, 3660, 3678, 4228], 'online': [475], 'users': [476], 'raised': [478], 'data': [482, 2236, 2465, 3747], 'their': [484, 775, 780, 1207, 1704, 1874, 2750, 3638], 'smartphones': [485], 'existing': [489], '4G': [490], 'has': [492, 857, 945, 963, 1327, 2240, 2603, 2628, 2776, 3161, 3335, 4422, 4440, 4481], 'just': [493], 'about': [494], 'reached': [495, 3968], 'limit': [497], 'its': [499, 998, 1252, 2679, 3169, 3217], 'capability.': [500], 'Hence,': [501, 2494, 2658, 2814, 3411, 3752, 3801, 3913], 'technology': [503, 586, 4512], 'headed': [505], 'towards': [506, 1209], 'next': [508, 529, 3252], 'called': [512], '[3].': [514], 'Many': [515], 'researchers': [516], 'industrialists': [518], 'taken': [520, 2737, 4116], 'initiatives': [522], 'on': [523, 583, 1170, 1408, 1543, 1790, 2897, 2913, 2982, 3029, 3131, 3448, 3637], 'building': [525], 'blocks': [526], 'fifth': [530], 'networks.': [536, 1634, 1688, 1777], 'It': [537, 560, 600, 962, 1009, 1977, 2128, 2197, 2219, 2239, 2401, 2482, 2602, 2627, 3022, 3233, 3431, 4328], 'will': [538, 561, 587], 'be': [539, 706, 838, 1046, 1352, 1367, 1984, 2562, 2662, 3055, 3182, 3192, 3255, 3474, 3481, 3547, 3657, 3667, 3672, 3675, 3690, 3728, 3791, 3839, 4018, 4069], 'capable': [540, 3138, 3859], 'handling': [542], 'thousand': [544], 'times': [545, 553], 'traffic': [547, 1444], 'than': [548, 555, 831, 2430, 2540, 3988, 4335], "today's": [549], 'networks': [550], 'or': [551, 639, 3062, 3221, 3719], 'ten': [552], 'faster': [554], 'current': [557, 1852], '4G-LTE': [558], 'technology.': [559], 'provide': [562, 1011, 1087, 1465, 1530, 2905], 'foundation': [564, 4474], 'platform': [565, 1378, 1388], 'systems': [568, 1798, 4462], 'based': [570, 1456, 3447, 3495, 3636], 'virtual': [572, 758, 872, 1885, 2659, 2680, 2695, 2825, 2847, 2959, 4263, 4273], 'reality,': [573], 'autonomous': [574], 'driving,': [575], 'disaster': [576], 'management,': [577], '[4-6].': [584], 'improved': [589, 1599, 3875], 'signal': [590, 1736, 1740], 'technology,': [591], 'spectral': [592, 1467], 'signalling': [594], 'efficiency': [595, 1470, 1910, 2089, 2101], 'enabling': [597, 1655], 'pervasive': [598], 'computing.': [599, 979, 1217, 1944], 'improves': [601], 'communication': [603, 1462], 'well': [606, 1289, 1732, 2783, 4186], 'provides': [608, 1166, 2221, 2402, 2456, 2484], 'optimal': [610], 'trade-offs': [611], 'speed,': [613], 'latency': [614, 1730], 'cost': [616, 1162, 3815, 4177, 4192, 4204, 4212, 4233, 4241, 4260, 4281, 4293, 4305, 4318], 'billions': [618], '[7-9].': [623], 'Also,': [624, 1218, 1669, 1778, 3928, 4176], 'supports': [626, 4453], 'less': [627, 2406, 3865, 3987, 4334], 'power': [628, 3061], 'consumption': [629, 2408, 3883, 4100, 4122], 'which': [633, 808, 836, 1760, 2265, 2704, 3057, 3097, 3339, 3445], 'make': [634, 2516], 'them': [635, 937, 2622], 'live': [636], 'months': [638], 'years': [640], 'without': [641], 'any': [642], 'human': [643], 'assistance.': [644], 'While': [645], 'considering': [646], 'example': [648], 'self-driving': [650], 'cars,': [651], "'low": [652], "latency'": [653], 'acts': [654, 2266], 'key': [657, 2142], 'challenge': [658, 2143, 2513, 2890], 'successful': [661], 'implementation': [662, 1268, 4425], 'such': [664, 739, 915, 1058, 2644, 2732, 2830, 2970, 4461], 'latency-aware': [666], 'present': [669, 1843, 2764, 4419], 'scenario': [670, 3687, 3758, 3771, 4421], 'computing': [673, 722, 725, 738, 749, 794, 824, 990, 1015, 1042, 1106, 1284, 1299, 1333, 1844, 1853, 1865, 1975, 2035, 2038, 2278, 2333, 2421, 2442, 2646, 2795, 2828, 2863, 2922, 2938, 3142, 3151, 3836], 'requires': [675, 981, 3058, 4469], 'integration': [677, 911], 'storage': [681, 2753], 'infrastructures,': [682], 'along': [683, 2608, 3215], 'different': [685, 1129, 1279, 1506, 2615, 2624, 2642, 3522], 'access': [686, 694, 882, 1716, 2860], 'transport': [689], 'facilities.': [690], 'Thus,': [691, 2417, 2767, 3387, 4466], 'cloud': [692, 737, 817, 832, 849, 976, 1214, 1532, 2034, 2248, 2275, 2538, 2544, 3001, 3560, 3602, 3631, 3746, 4222, 4245, 4265, 4310], 'radio': [693, 1715, 1721, 1739, 1745], '(C-RAN),': [696], 'functions': [698], 'virtualisation': [699, 2299, 2453], '(NFV)': [700], '(SDN)': [704], 'can': [705, 1010, 1086, 2379, 2561, 2661, 3091, 3181, 3191, 3546, 4017], 'best': [708, 1238, 3769, 3786, 3806], 'utilisation': [709, 4381, 4391, 4411], 'future-ready': [712], '[10-12].': [715], 'Cisco': [716], 'initiated': [717], 'concept': [719, 2293, 2701, 3242], 'enables': [724, 909], 'at': [726, 763, 826, 1024, 1683, 2543, 2687, 2717, 2810, 3245, 3266, 3272, 3515, 3569, 3581, 3589, 3608, 3618, 3681, 3699, 3738, 3744, 3776, 3799, 3822, 3841, 3964, 4077], 'edge': [728, 765, 770, 782, 828, 1027, 1484, 1648, 1651, 1685, 2915, 3824, 4111, 4140], 'important': [734, 3650], 'characteristics': [735], 'ubiquity,': [741], 'decentralised': [742], 'management': [743, 1816], 'cooperation': [745], '[13,': [746], '14].': [747], 'Fog': [748, 1332, 2332], 'are': [754, 804, 845, 866, 875, 892, 1224, 1301, 2285, 2364, 2413, 2423, 2736, 2758, 2820, 2928, 2996, 3010, 3082, 3126, 3156, 3513, 3524, 3587, 3820, 3858, 3885, 3934, 3985, 4003, 4030, 4115], 'referred': [755], 'group': [759], 'located': [762, 1682], 'Here,': [769, 3520, 3982, 4201], 'release': [772], 'some': [773, 1308, 2777], 'computing/storage': [776], 'capacity': [777], 'neighbouring': [781], 'process': [785], 'task.': [787, 2238, 3087, 3223, 3533], 'Therefore,': [788, 1095, 1278, 3640, 4007, 4074, 4337], 'significantly': [791], 'reduces': [792, 3921], 'processing': [796, 822, 1365, 1677, 1737, 2214, 2637, 3036, 3060, 3861], 'burdens': [797], 'cloud.': [800, 2432, 3187, 3203, 3723, 4154, 4275], 'These': [801], 'self-managed': [806], 'groups': [807], 'act': [809, 879], "'mini": [811], "clouds'": [812], '[15].': [813], 'contrast': [815], 'computing,': [818], 'capabilities': [825, 1678, 2756, 2939], 'rather': [830, 2429, 2539], 'data-centres.': [833, 850, 2545], 'tasks': [835, 2188, 2989, 2995, 3081, 3479, 3491, 3670, 3863], 'cannot': [837], 'fully': [839, 2760], 'sent': [846, 2998, 3368, 3557], 'context': [853, 1773], 'IoTs,': [855], 'extended': [859], 'real-world': [861], 'objects': [862, 891, 1980], 'where': [863, 3488, 3692, 3951, 4290, 4367], 'physical': [864, 881, 890, 927, 2194, 2325, 2839, 2950], 'items': [865], 'no': [867, 3357, 3695], 'longer': [868], 'disconnected': [869], 'from': [870, 1904, 2202, 2425, 2565, 3168, 4216, 4397], 'world.': [873, 2009], 'They': [874, 1476, 1550, 1766, 1824, 1869, 2073], 'controlled': [876, 2180], 'remotely': [877], 'points': [883], 'internet': [885], 'world,': [889], 'seamlessly': [893], 'integrated': [894, 1053, 1385, 1863, 2031], 'into': [895, 925, 1128, 1495, 2738, 2845, 2957, 4117], 'playing': [900], 'active': [902], 'participants': [903], 'business': [906], 'processes.': [907], 'cyber': [913, 2008], 'components': [914, 928], 'sensors,': [917, 2033], 'computational': [918, 1362, 3642], 'control': [920, 2461, 2468, 2554, 2632, 2674, 3443], 'units,': [921], '(such': [929], 'objects,': [931], 'end-users': [932], 'infrastructures)': [934], 'connecting': [936], 'each': [942, 2676, 2773, 2798, 3014, 4059], 'other.': [943], 'shown': [946, 1074, 2170, 2577, 2769, 4128, 4353], 'progress': [948], 'many': [950, 966, 1203, 1701], 'fields': [951], 'communication,': [953], 'health-care,': [954], 'manufacturing,': [955, 4497], 'robotics,': [956], 'transportation,': [957, 4496], 'military': [958], 'also': [964, 1083, 1477, 1598, 1825, 2220, 2316, 2483, 3432, 3935], 'encouraged': [965], 'innovative': [967], 'ever-growing': [969], 'projects': [970], 'application': [973], 'domain': [974], 'novel,': [983], 'secure,': [984], 'highly': [985], 'distributed': [986, 1552, 2567], 'ultra-dense': [988], 'heterogeneous': [994, 1672, 1776], 'strengthen': [997], 'position': [999, 1560], 'new': [1006, 1030, 3124, 3174, 3394, 3502, 3540, 3605, 3633, 3710], 'era.': [1008, 1519], 'unified': [1012, 1511, 1531], 'cost-effective': [1014, 4164, 4342], 'cities,': [1019], 'vertical': [1020], 'industries': [1021], 'IoTs': [1023], 'extreme': [1026, 1650], 'wired/wireless': [1029], 'For': [1033, 2301, 3901, 4101], 'delivering': [1034], 'network,': [1040, 1319, 2510], 'needs': [1044, 1421], 'using': [1054, 1069, 1103, 1272, 1799, 1832, 2291, 2449, 3145, 3240, 3440, 4243, 4255, 4272, 4283, 4307, 4402], 'advanced': [1055, 1461, 1997], 'technologies': [1057, 1556], 'SDN,': [1061, 3665], 'NFV': [1062], 'C-RAN.': [1064], 'realisation': [1066], 'SDN': [1068, 1119, 1151, 1486, 2131, 2295, 2455, 2480, 2610, 2904, 2965, 3371, 3414, 3485, 3506, 3551, 3583], 'Fig.': [1076, 2172, 2370, 2521, 2579, 2771, 4355], '1.': [1077], 'Further,': [1078, 3292], 'mechanism': [1081, 1931, 3438, 3917], 'required': [1084, 1416, 3041, 3121, 3141], 'paper': [1097, 1125], 'fog/cloud': [1105, 2509], 'address': [1108, 2649, 4444], 'said': [1110], 'challenges.': [1111], 'Figure': [1112, 2318, 2433, 2581, 2593, 2801, 3278, 4405], '1Open': [1113], 'figure': [1115, 2321, 2436, 2584, 2596, 2804, 3281, 4408], 'viewerPowerPoint': [1116, 2322, 2437, 2585, 2597, 2805, 3282, 4409], 'Realisation': [1117], 'over': [1120, 2334, 2590, 2678], 'This': [1124, 3135, 4450], 'organised': [1127], 'sections.': [1130], 'Section': [1131, 1138, 1156, 1164, 1175, 1186, 1194], 'summarises': [1133], 'related': [1135, 1265], 'work.': [1136, 1705], '3,': [1139], 'utilises': [1147], 'implementing': [1153, 1182, 1210, 1243, 1954, 2137, 2741, 2969, 4467], 'nodes.': [1155, 2369, 2900, 2972], '4': [1157, 2522, 3812], 'presents': [1158], 'analysis.': [1163], '5': [1165, 4415], 'case': [1168, 1576, 1624, 3562, 3652, 3686, 3770, 3807], 'study': [1169, 1323, 1577, 1847, 4417], 'surveillance': [1172, 4511], 'system,': [1173], '6': [1176], 'describes': [1177], 'experimental': [1179, 1753, 1962], 'setup': [1180], '7': [1187], 'consists': [1188, 2160], 'discussion.': [1192], '8': [1195], 'concludes': [1196], 'paper.': [1198], 'Related': [1200], 'work': [1201, 1208, 1264], 'Presently,': [1202], 'authors': [1204, 1702], 'contributed': [1206], 'latest': [1220], 'trends': [1221], 'research': [1223, 1263, 1629], 'giving': [1225], 'attention': [1227], 'deploying': [1229, 1537, 2542, 3889], 'However,': [1235, 2140], 'knowledge,': [1241], 'effectively': [1242, 2380], 'still': [1250], 'initial': [1254], 'stage.': [1255], 'Even': [1256], 'though': [1257], 'it': [1258, 2495, 3180, 3293, 3545, 3554, 3966, 4386], 'difficult': [1260], 'find': [1262], 'cloud/fog-based': [1274], 'resources.': [1277, 1611, 3782, 4404], 'dimensions': [1280], 'exploring': [1282], 'deployment': [1292, 4184, 4285], 'modern': [1298], 'environment': [1300, 1789], 'discussed.': [1302], 'section,': [1305], 'after': [1306], 'studying': [1307], 'relevant': [1309], 'literature': [1310], 'regarding': [1311], 'comprehensive': [1322, 1406], 'carried': [1329, 4359], 'out.': [1330], '2.1': [1331], 'Ku': [1336], 'et': [1337, 1401, 1451, 1521, 1584, 1636, 1748, 1804, 1856, 1965, 2056], 'al.': [1338, 1402, 1452, 1522, 1585, 1637, 1749, 1805, 1857, 1966, 2057], '[16]': [1339], 'highlighted': [1340], 'recent': [1342, 4478], 'advances': [1343, 1645], 'design': [1345], 'hybrid': [1348], 'fog-cloud': [1349], 'architecture': [1350, 1391, 1458, 1526, 1641, 1812, 2573, 2601], 'deployed': [1353, 2529], 'Furthermore,': [1358], 'confluence': [1360], 'communications': [1364], 'utilised': [1368, 2414, 2761], 'was': [1373, 1430, 1578, 1894, 1951, 1994], 'facilitating': [1376, 2793], 'GPP': [1377, 1387], 'testbed': [1379], 'experiments': [1380], 'simulations.': [1382], 'they': [1384, 1670, 1779], 'F-RAN': [1390, 1455], 'promising': [1393], 'low-latency': [1394, 3915, 4096], 'operations': [1395, 1782, 2153], 'Hung': [1400], '[17]': [1403], 'conducted': [1404], 'survey': [1407], 'C-RAN': [1409], 'investigated': [1413], 'harmonisation': [1415], 'integrate': [1418], 'diverse': [1420], 'communications.': [1425], 'innovation': [1435], 'RAN': [1438], 'fulfil': [1440], 'newly': [1442], 'emerging': [1443, 1973], 'demands': [1445], 'Peng': [1450], '[18]': [1453], 'presented': [1454, 1493, 1579, 1703, 1826, 1968], 'identified': [1478], 'open': [1479, 1809], 'terms': [1482], 'caching,': [1485], 'function': [1489], 'virtualisation.': [1490], 'Ruffini': [1491], '[19]': [1492], 'insight': [1494], 'convergence': [1498], 'application-centric': [1500], 'architectural': [1501], 'framework': [1502, 1590, 1619, 1861, 1875, 3214, 3291], 'all': [1504, 2155, 2199, 2232, 2815, 2977, 3424, 3484, 4110, 4139], 'technologies.': [1507], 'He': [1508, 1724], 'SDN-based': [1510, 1589, 2450, 2507, 2599, 3295], 'coherent': [1513], 'ecosystem': [1515, 1658], 'Vilalta': [1520], '[20]': [1523], 'novel': [1525, 2016, 2907], 'namely': [1527, 2164, 2243], 'TelcoFog': [1528], 'NFV,': [1538], 'MEC': [1539], 'top': [1544], 'telecom': [1547], "operator's": [1548], 'implemented': [1551, 1767], 'programmable': [1554], 'strengthening': [1558], 'order': [1570, 1897, 2692, 3498, 4067], 'validate': [1572], 'architecture,': [1574], 'Yang': [1583], '[21]': [1586], 'only': [1594, 2729, 3003, 3730, 3793], 'cloud-fog': [1595], 'inter-operation': [1596], 'but': [1597], 'quality': [1601, 1664], 'experience': [1603], '(QoE)': [1604], 'optimised': [1606], 'usage': [1607], 'feasibility': [1613], 'advantages': [1615], 'were': [1620], 'studies': [1625], 'addressed': [1627], 'potential': [1628], 'Markakis': [1635], '[22]': [1638], 'exploited': [1643], '3C': [1652], 'paradigms': [1653], 'low': [1660], 'latencies': [1661], '(QoS)/QoE': [1667], 'levels.': [1668], 'boosted': [1675], 'To': [1689, 1846, 2337, 2357, 3311, 4022], 'explore': [1690], 'features': [1692], 'era,': [1700], 'Kitayama': [1706], '[23]': [1707], 'discussed': [1708], 'coordinated': [1710], 'role': [1711], 'assess': [1722], 'reduced': [1729], 'converged': [1734, 1811], 'digital': [1735], 'high-speed': [1742], 'links.': [1746], 'Giuntini': [1747], '[24]': [1750], 'approaches': [1754], 'designing': [1756], 'dedicated': [1762], 'infrastructures.': [1765], 'carrier': [1768], 'ethernet': [1769], 'forwarding': [1770], 'tested': [1780], 'links': [1785], 'Wi-Fi': [1791], 'cells': [1792], 'emulating': [1794, 2621], 'LTE': [1795], 'WiMAX': [1797], 'NS-3': [1801], 'code.': [1802], 'Lingen': [1803], '[25]': [1806], 'introduced': [1807], 'offer': [1814, 2341], 'uniform': [1815], 'YANG': [1829], 'models': [1830, 2000], 'run': [1836, 2893, 3729, 3792], '2.2': [1839], 'Cyber-physical': [1840], 'paradigm': [1845, 2443], 'paradigm,': [1854], 'Gu': [1855], '[26]': [1858], 'medical': [1867, 2047], 'CPS.': [1868, 2416, 3108, 4476], 'formulated': [1870], 'cost-efficiency': [1872], 'investigating': [1877], 'base': [1879], 'station': [1880], 'association,': [1881], 'distribution': [1883, 3301], 'machine': [1886, 1998, 2216, 2233], 'placement': [1887, 2313, 3111, 3286], 'strategies.': [1888], 'Linear': [1889], 'programming-based': [1890], 'two-phase': [1891], 'heuristic': [1892, 2076], 'formulate': [1899], 'framework.': [1901], 'Their': [1902, 2028], 'extensive': [1905, 2095], 'experiment': [1906], 'validated': [1907], 'high-cost': [1909], 'algorithm.': [1914], 'Chen': [1915], 'Rui-Yang': [1917], '[27]': [1918], 'intelligent': [1921, 1956], 'distributive': [1926], 'central': [1928], 'traceable': [1929, 1937], 'stream': [1930], 'assessing': [1933], 'most': [1935, 2418, 3066, 3910], 'critical': [1936], 'events': [1938], 'demonstrated': [1952], 'predictive': [1957, 2002], 'obtained': [1960], 'better': [1961], 'results.': [1963], 'Donovan': [1964], '[28]': [1967], 'industrial': [1970, 1979], 'paradigm.': [1976], 'enabled': [1978], 'processes': [1982], 'tightly': [1985], 'coupled': [1986], 'realising': [1988, 2589], 'self-configuring': [1989], 'operations.': [1990], 'learning': [1999, 2217, 2234], 'analytics': [2003], 'simulated': [2005], 'Mahajan': [2012], '[29]': [2013], 'distinguish,': [2019], 'classify': [2020], 'monitor': [2022], 'mosquito-borne': [2024], 'diseases,': [2025], 'infected': [2026], 'patients.': [2027], 'model': [2030, 2064], 'assimilating,': [2043], 'analysing': [2044], 'sharing': [2046], 'patients': [2050], 'health-care': [2052], 'providers.': [2054], 'Zeng': [2055], '[30]': [2058], 'developed': [2059], 'achieved': [2066], 'energy-efficient': [2067], 'composition': [2069], 'load': [2071, 4016], 'balancing.': [2072], 'solve': [2079], 'mixed-integer': [2081], 'linear': [2082], 'programming': [2083, 2486], 'proved': [2085], 'NP-hard': [2087], 'problem.': [2090], '3': [2110, 2371], 'Proposed': [2111, 2586, 2598], 'An': [2115], 'proposed.': [2127, 2317], 'uses': [2129, 2254, 2705, 3294], 'layer': [2135, 2246, 2253, 2284, 2354, 2428, 2690, 2813, 2869, 3002, 3848, 4219], 'effective': [2151], 'dynamic': [2152], '[31].': [2158], 'spaces,': [2163], 'physical-space': [2165, 2175, 2272], 'cyber-space,': [2168], '2.': [2173], '(generally': [2176], 'devices)': [2178], 'software': [2183], 'accomplishing': [2186], 'specific': [2187], 'under': [2189, 2415, 4013], 'stringent': [2191], 'resource': [2195, 3033, 3737, 3798, 4394], 'constraints.': [2196], 'gathers': [2198], 'forwards': [2207], 'cyber-space': [2210, 2230], 'performing': [2212], 'further': [2213, 2991, 3262], 'tasks.': [2218, 3230, 3496, 4327], 'output': [2224], 'end-users,': [2227], 'whereas': [2228, 3078, 4058], 'performs': [2231], 'analytic': [2237], 'layers,': [2242], 'layer.': [2249, 2276, 2721, 3249], 'Its': [2250], 'perform': [2262], 'processing,': [2264, 2360, 2752], 'bridge': [2269], 'between': [2270, 2459, 3960, 3976, 4301], 'across': [2280, 2396, 3483, 3504], 'managed': [2286], 'creating': [2288, 2367, 4235, 4262], '(ONV).': [2300], 'efficiently': [2302, 3849], 'managing': [2303], 'both': [2306, 4194, 4302, 4365, 4413], 'non-CPS-based': [2309, 2994, 3027, 3086, 3222], 'tasks,': [2310], '2Open': [2319], 'Cyber-space': [2323], 'space': [2326], '3.1': [2331], 'ensure': [2338], 'QoS': [2339, 3105, 3873, 4346], 'QoE': [2343], 'end-user': [2346], 'utilised.': [2356], 'handle': [2358], 'elements': [2363, 2731, 2744, 2844, 2927, 2956], 'shows': [2372, 2523, 3117], 'how': [2373, 2524], 'passive': [2375], '(PON)': [2378], 'realise': [2381], 'inter-connected': [2383], 'line': [2388], 'terminals': [2389], '(OLTs),': [2390], 'units': [2394], '(ONUs)': [2395], '[32].': [2400], 'delay': [2404, 3866, 3879, 3905, 3923, 3930, 3933, 3938, 4010, 4089, 4323], '3Open': [2434], 'Optical': [2438, 2743], 'layers': [2440], '3.2': [2444], 'Deployment': [2445], 'separation': [2458], 'plane': [2462, 2469], 'plane.': [2466], 'responsible': [2471], 'having': [2473], 'global': [2475], 'view': [2476], 'whole': [2479], 'path.': [2481, 3353, 3463], 'interface': [2487, 2607], 'management.': [2493], 'automatically': [2496], 'configures': [2497], 'optimises': [2499], 'dynamically.': [2504], 'main': [2512, 2889], 'scalable.': [2520], 'middle-ware': [2532], 'directly': [2541, 2997, 3183, 3556], 'allows': [2549], 'running': [2551, 2780, 3229, 3624, 3716], 'logic': [2555], 'node.': [2558, 3134, 3269, 3277], 'provisioned': [2563], 'on-demand': [2564, 2859], 'geographically': [2566], 'elements,': [2569], 'especially': [2570], 'ONUs.': [2571, 2887, 4147], 'OpticalFogNode': [2575, 2600, 2788, 3517, 3620, 3701, 3777], '5.': [2580], '4Open': [2582], '5Open': [2594], 'southbound': [2604], 'northbound': [2606], 'controllers': [2611], 'belong': [2613], 'tenants': [2616, 2643], 'capability': [2630, 2796], 'configuring': [2639], 'resources,': [2647, 2728, 4383], 'topology,': [2648], 'scheme,': [2650], 'mapping': [2653], 'options': [2654, 3163], 'OpticalFogsNodes': [2660], 'created': [2663, 2979], 'form': [2666, 2694, 2824, 2932], 'infrastructure-as-a-service': [2668], '(IaaS)': [2669], 'tenant': [2677], '3.3': [2682], 'Creation': [2683, 2806], 'infrastructure,': [2696], 'free': [2697, 2920, 2948, 3511, 3696], 'available': [2698, 2708, 2921, 2949, 3450, 3588, 3617, 3698, 3797, 3840], '(FARs)': [2700], 'freely': [2707], 'lies': [2716], 'routers': [2723], 'switches': [2725], 'limited': [2727], 'ONUs,': [2734], 'OLTs': [2735, 2748], 'account': [2739], 'FAR.': [2742, 2785], 'ONUs': [2746, 4114], 'own': [2751], 'interconnection': [2755], 'scenario.': [2766], '6,': [2772], 'element': [2775], 'amount': [2778], 'Our': [2786], 'aggregates': [2789], 'those': [2790], 'FARs': [2791, 2816, 3265, 3271, 3680], 'OVHD': [2799], 'tenant.': [2800], '6Open': [2802], 'grouped': [2821, 2929], 'together': [2822, 2930], 'data-centres': [2826], 'processor,': [2832, 2941], 'memory': [2833, 2942], 'bandwidth.': [2835, 2944], 'ONV': [2836, 2902, 2945, 3147, 3244], 'converts': [2837, 2946], 'IaaS': [2850, 2962], 'model.': [2851, 2963], 'low-cost': [2857], 'typical': [2877, 3862], 'layer,': [2880, 4223, 4238], 'PON-OLT': [2881], 'chassis': [2882], 'multiple': [2886], 'deploy': [2910, 4460], 'All': [2919, 3251], 'identifies': [2976, 3416], 'possible': [2978, 3425], 'path': [2984, 3317, 3390, 3419, 3486, 3552, 3584], 'assigns': [2986], 'processing.': [2992, 3263], 'if': [3004, 3538, 3585, 3612], 'free.': [3012], 'Initially,': [3013], 'submitted': [3017, 3210], 'manager.': [3021], 'categorises': [3023], 'CBS-based': [3025], 'basis': [3031], 'capability,': [3037], 'bandwidth': [3038], 'demand,': [3039], 'level': [3043, 3064], 'security': [3045], 'If': [3049, 3149, 3171, 3354], 'requested': [3051, 3173], 'seems': [3053], 'high-security': [3063], 'importantly': [3067], 'immediate': [3068], 'response,': [3069], 'categorised': [3073], 'task,': [3077, 3179], 'general': [3079], 'routine': [3080], 'classified': [3083], 'manager': [3090], 'dynamically': [3092, 3237, 3274], 'reconfigure': [3093], 'node,': [3096], 'leads': [3098], 'desired': [3102], 'reliability': [3103, 4348], '3.4': [3109], 'Task': [3110, 3225], 'Algorithm': [3113, 3283], '(Fig.': [3115], '7)': [3116], 'then': [3129, 3544, 3621], 'allocated': [3130, 3184, 3256], 'concept.': [3148], 'already': [3157, 3228, 3623, 3715], 'occupied,': [3158], 'controller': [3160, 3296, 3372, 3415], 'executing': [3165], 'preference.': [3170], 'non-CPS': [3178, 3197, 3490, 3543, 3594, 3613], 'Otherwise,': [3188, 3592], 'CPS-centric': [3189], 'executed': [3193], 'shifting': [3195, 3713, 4214], '(already': [3199, 3596], 'running)': [3200, 3597], 'T': [3204, 3473, 3666], 'represents': [3205, 3226, 3489, 3493], 'category': [3218, 3530], 'Running': [3224], 'node:': [3232], 'virtual,': [3235], 'configurable': [3238], 'TaskToPlaced:': [3250], 'configured': [3275], '7Open': [3279], '1:': [3284], 'optimising': [3298], 'flow': [3300, 3337, 3362, 3400], 'redundant': [3305], 'paths': [3306, 3426, 3662], 'increase': [3312], 'QoS,': [3314, 3903], 'shortest': [3316, 3376, 3418], 'chosen': [3319], 'minimises': [3321], 'environment,': [3331], 'table': [3338, 3401], 'match': [3343], 'routing': [3345, 3437], 'received': [3349, 3365], 'packet': [3350, 3366, 3381], 'there': [3355, 3693, 3703, 3830], 'entry': [3358, 3395], 'found': [3359], 'table,': [3363], 'finding': [3374, 3795], 'path,': [3377], 'particular': [3380], 'forwarded': [3383], 'once': [3388], 'chosen,': [3392], 'added': [3397], 'incoming': [3408], 'future': [3409], 'packets.': [3410], 'least': [3421], 'congestion': [3422, 3434, 3442], 'employs': [3433], 'aware': [3435], 'direct': [3436], 'open-loop': [3441], 'concept,': [3444], 'buffer': [3451], 'previous': [3454], 'historical': [3455], 'knowledge': [3456], 'connection': [3459], '[33]': [3460], '3.4.1': [3464], 'Computational': [3465], 'complexity': [3466, 3643, 3754, 3803], 'analysis': [3467, 3644, 3816, 3897, 4157, 4178], 'Let': [3472, 3655], 'total': [3476, 3659, 3669, 3677, 4106, 4227], 'numbers': [3477], 'placed': [3482, 3548, 3580, 3673, 3775], 'paths,': [3507], 'availability': [3509, 3780], 'examined': [3514], '.': [3519, 3762, 3800, 3811, 4336], 'cases': [3523], 'being': [3525, 3967, 4031], 'considered': [3526, 3691, 4032, 4055], 'per': [3528], 'case,': [3537, 3575, 3787], 'otherwise': [3553], 'non-availability': [3564], 'fee': [3567], 'OpticalFogNode.': [3571, 3591, 3610, 3683], 'second': [3574], 'shifted': [3599, 3628], 'placing': [3604], 'Again,': [3611], 'priority.': [3639], 'only.': [3654], 'P': [3656], 'worst': [3685], 'need': [3706, 3833], '(CPS': [3718], 'non-CPS)': [3720], 'loop': [3725, 3788], 'needed': [3726, 3789], 'up': [3731], 'maximum': [3734, 3929, 3989, 4009], 'sum': [3735], 'denoted': [3740, 3749], 'g': [3742], 'centre': [3748], 'h.': [3751], 'given': [3757, 4004], 'computed': [3760, 3809, 3945, 4019, 4082, 4197, 4205, 4287, 4294], 'On': [3763, 4276], 'other': [3765, 4278], 'hand,': [3766, 4279], 'due': [3778, 4165, 4320], 'Similarly,': [3783], 'Performance': [3813, 3896], 'So,': [3829, 4000], 'higher': [3835], 'edge.': [3843], 'solves': [3850], 'problem': [3852], 'minimum': [3868], 'Subsequently,': [3871], 'evaluating': [3877, 4102], 'measure': [3880, 3900], 'concerning': [3886, 3911], '4.1': [3895], '4.1.1': [3898], 'Delay': [3899], 'improving': [3902, 4518], 'one': [3907], 'issues.': [3912], 'polling': [3916], 'followed': [3919], 'bandwidth-intensive': [3925], '[34].': [3927], 'average': [3932, 4025, 4048, 4076, 4390], 'computed.': [3936], 'experienced': [3939], 'request': [3941, 3962, 4012, 4035, 4215], 'arriving': [3942, 3963], 'following': [3948, 4131], 'equation:': [3949, 4132], '(1)': [3950], 'propagation': [3954], 'tp': [3956, 3983], 'time': [3959, 3975, 3990, 4037, 4049, 4065, 4253, 4270, 4314, 4379], 'OLT': [3971], 'transmission': [3978], 'request.': [3981], 'always': [3986, 4333], 'cycle': [3992, 4064], 'value': [3995], 'constant.': [3999], 'constraints': [4002, 4029], '(2)': [4006], '(3)': [4021], 'compute': [4023], 'above-mentioned': [4028], 'because': [4033], 'arrival': [4036], 'ONU': [4040], 'independent': [4042], 'load.': [4045], 'spent': [4050], 'waiting': [4052], '(tp)': [4053], 'half,': [4057], 'frame': [4060], 'wait': [4061], 'another': [4062], 'transmitted': [4070], 'OLT.': [4073], 'loads': [4080], '(4)': [4084], 'significant': [4088], 'boost': [4091], 'cloud-based': [4093, 4174, 4189, 4284, 4296], 'requiring': [4095], 'performance.': [4097], '4.1.2': [4098], 'Energy': [4099], 'consumption,': [4104], 'consumed': [4108, 4137, 4145, 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