Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2993790564', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4', 'title': 'Mechanisms of immune evasion in bladder cancer', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms of immune evasion in bladder cancer', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-12-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2993790564', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4', 'mag': '2993790564', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31811337', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6949323'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S203303425', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy', 'issn_l': '0340-7004', 'issn': ['0340-7004', '1432-0851'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007324648', 'display_name': 'Paul L. Crispen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3699-6183'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I94062374', 'display_name': 'Florida College', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/010bgev76', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I94062374']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I33213144', 'display_name': 'University of Florida', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02y3ad647', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I33213144']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Paul L. Crispen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I94062374', 'https://openalex.org/I33213144']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090638408', 'display_name': 'Sergei Kusmartsev', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0837-8310'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I94062374', 'display_name': 'Florida College', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/010bgev76', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I94062374']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I33213144', 'display_name': 'University of Florida', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02y3ad647', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I33213144']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sergei Kusmartsev', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I94062374', 'https://openalex.org/I33213144']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3390, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 4390, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 3390, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 4390, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 4.907, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 143, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.589482, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '69', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '3', 'last_page': '14'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10458', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10458', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10158', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunotherapy', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11313', 'display_name': 'Macrophage Activation and Polarization', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/durvalumab', 'display_name': 'Durvalumab', 'score': 0.8507452}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atezolizumab', 'display_name': 'Atezolizumab', 'score': 0.82080734}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/avelumab', 'display_name': 'Avelumab', 'score': 0.75954777}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-checkpoint-blockade', 'display_name': 'Immune Checkpoint Blockade', 'score': 0.564306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-checkpoint', 'display_name': 'Immune checkpoint', 'score': 0.5562729}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bladder-cancer', 'display_name': 'Bladder Cancer', 'score': 0.551366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers-for-immunotherapy', 'display_name': 'Biomarkers for Immunotherapy', 'score': 0.534583}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-immunoediting', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunoediting', 'score': 0.511406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/metastatic-bladder-cancer', 'display_name': 'Metastatic Bladder Cancer', 'score': 0.501247}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-immunotherapy', 'display_name': 'Cancer immunotherapy', 'score': 0.4731796}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777742743', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19904005', 'display_name': 'Durvalumab', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.8507452}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780030458', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7041828', 'display_name': 'Nivolumab', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8435318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775949291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20707748', 'display_name': 'Atezolizumab', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.82080734}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780057760', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13896859', 'display_name': 'Pembrolizumab', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.78636193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777381376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21083261', 'display_name': 'Avelumab', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.75954777}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777701055', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096', 'display_name': 'Immunotherapy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.75076336}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776107976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433', 'display_name': 'Tumor microenvironment', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.694593}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8891405', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059', 'display_name': 'Immune system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62548476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5876836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780851360', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21686041', 'display_name': 'Immune checkpoint', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5562729}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780352672', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504775', 'display_name': 'Bladder cancer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.55525976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4906477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4905557}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780674031', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2012719', 'display_name': 'Cancer immunotherapy', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4731796}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C502942594', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914', 'display_name': 'Cancer research', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4482338}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781433595', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2459042', 'display_name': 'Ipilimumab', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4430191}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13629955}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000074322', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060890', 'descriptor_name': 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061026', 'descriptor_name': 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019139', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Escape', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001749', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000074322', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000074322', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060890', 'descriptor_name': 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000037', 'qualifier_name': 'antagonists & inhibitors', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060890', 'descriptor_name': 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D058990', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Targeted Therapy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D058990', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Targeted Therapy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061026', 'descriptor_name': 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000037', 'qualifier_name': 'antagonists & inhibitors', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061026', 'descriptor_name': 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015398', 'descriptor_name': 'Signal Transduction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015398', 'descriptor_name': 'Signal Transduction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015398', 'descriptor_name': 'Signal Transduction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016896', 'descriptor_name': 'Treatment Outcome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019139', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Escape', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019139', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Escape', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059016', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Microenvironment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059016', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Microenvironment', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059016', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Microenvironment', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001749', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001749', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S203303425', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy', 'issn_l': '0340-7004', 'issn': ['0340-7004', '1432-0851'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6949323', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31811337', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S203303425', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy', 'issn_l': '0340-7004', 'issn': ['0340-7004', '1432-0851'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.8, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 119, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1149703769', 'https://openalex.org/W1511612393', 'https://openalex.org/W1515725948', 'https://openalex.org/W1516408312', 'https://openalex.org/W1534491890', 'https://openalex.org/W1536810380', 'https://openalex.org/W1560255054', 'https://openalex.org/W1562210554', 'https://openalex.org/W1640181718', 'https://openalex.org/W1640854798', 'https://openalex.org/W1672626186', 'https://openalex.org/W1769928764', 'https://openalex.org/W1834409279', 'https://openalex.org/W1908116487', 'https://openalex.org/W1913780655', 'https://openalex.org/W1963904011', 'https://openalex.org/W1971208896', 'https://openalex.org/W1971620413', 'https://openalex.org/W1972835138', 'https://openalex.org/W1975815647', 'https://openalex.org/W1979275399', 'https://openalex.org/W1982488143', 'https://openalex.org/W1988094367', 'https://openalex.org/W1996097278', 'https://openalex.org/W1998317919', 'https://openalex.org/W1999048631', 'https://openalex.org/W2001014417', 'https://openalex.org/W2002726823', 'https://openalex.org/W2013013791', 'https://openalex.org/W2016983859', 'https://openalex.org/W2017056838', 'https://openalex.org/W2022980605', 'https://openalex.org/W2027155762', 'https://openalex.org/W2033601733', 'https://openalex.org/W2036518895', 'https://openalex.org/W2042083424', 'https://openalex.org/W2048938127', 'https://openalex.org/W2053782627', 'https://openalex.org/W2058692868', 'https://openalex.org/W2059129313', 'https://openalex.org/W2060672294', 'https://openalex.org/W2061123122', 'https://openalex.org/W2061626698', 'https://openalex.org/W2062254683', 'https://openalex.org/W2062818585', 'https://openalex.org/W2068523052', 'https://openalex.org/W2068854499', 'https://openalex.org/W2073606915', 'https://openalex.org/W2080006142', 'https://openalex.org/W2081410358', 'https://openalex.org/W2086159554', 'https://openalex.org/W2088152324', 'https://openalex.org/W2089753996', 'https://openalex.org/W2090928408', 'https://openalex.org/W2093913415', 'https://openalex.org/W2095009418', 'https://openalex.org/W2101545831', 'https://openalex.org/W2101653483', 'https://openalex.org/W2103045841', 'https://openalex.org/W2105909046', 'https://openalex.org/W2111161262', 'https://openalex.org/W2113964885', 'https://openalex.org/W2114646110', 'https://openalex.org/W2115373139', 'https://openalex.org/W2116215875', 'https://openalex.org/W2120407692', 'https://openalex.org/W2123424099', 'https://openalex.org/W2125616358', 'https://openalex.org/W2128102844', 'https://openalex.org/W2128149258', 'https://openalex.org/W2131015559', 'https://openalex.org/W2132587790', 'https://openalex.org/W2133732201', 'https://openalex.org/W2136638726', 'https://openalex.org/W2136935081', 'https://openalex.org/W2140460887', 'https://openalex.org/W2144156694', 'https://openalex.org/W2146708145', 'https://openalex.org/W2151713361', 'https://openalex.org/W2152897456', 'https://openalex.org/W2155779547', 'https://openalex.org/W2158418276', 'https://openalex.org/W2165011857', 'https://openalex.org/W2167550136', 'https://openalex.org/W2170368666', 'https://openalex.org/W2346571408', 'https://openalex.org/W2395763454', 'https://openalex.org/W2395782434', 'https://openalex.org/W2411575441', 'https://openalex.org/W2471500324', 'https://openalex.org/W2520544069', 'https://openalex.org/W2560367415', 'https://openalex.org/W2563390944', 'https://openalex.org/W2572174216', 'https://openalex.org/W2577696913', 'https://openalex.org/W2581804861', 'https://openalex.org/W2619366202', 'https://openalex.org/W2737785069', 'https://openalex.org/W2752806348', 'https://openalex.org/W2762276342', 'https://openalex.org/W2765835393', 'https://openalex.org/W2770733474', 'https://openalex.org/W2773826721', 'https://openalex.org/W2777192533', 'https://openalex.org/W2781438702', 'https://openalex.org/W2782998220', 'https://openalex.org/W2783246934', 'https://openalex.org/W2793892124', 'https://openalex.org/W2794343662', 'https://openalex.org/W2862742070', 'https://openalex.org/W2883725514', 'https://openalex.org/W2890377175', 'https://openalex.org/W2890398072', 'https://openalex.org/W2890715893', 'https://openalex.org/W2895515586', 'https://openalex.org/W2900174742', 'https://openalex.org/W2940349477', 'https://openalex.org/W2949453788', 'https://openalex.org/W4210953434'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4353088123', 'https://openalex.org/W4293000990', 'https://openalex.org/W3031689938', 'https://openalex.org/W2969038597', 'https://openalex.org/W2898179151', 'https://openalex.org/W2894742494', 'https://openalex.org/W2884534038', 'https://openalex.org/W2749169318', 'https://openalex.org/W2734670400', 'https://openalex.org/W2504822853'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'With': [0], 'the': [1, 7, 40, 58, 102, 105, 109, 118, 137, 143, 163], 'introduction': [2], 'of': [3, 9, 42, 76, 101, 104, 120, 126, 136, 142, 153, 166], 'multiple': [4, 132], 'new': [5], 'agents,': [6], 'role': [8, 41], 'immunotherapy': [10, 28, 190], 'is': [11, 19, 25, 147], 'rapidly': [12], 'expanding': [13], 'across': [14], 'all': [15], 'malignancies.': [16], 'Bladder': [17], 'cancer': [18, 91, 154, 171], 'known': [20], 'to': [21, 27, 97, 161, 182, 189], 'be': [22], 'immunogenic': [23], 'and': [24, 32, 54, 68, 93, 140, 172, 176, 191], 'responsive': [26], 'including': [29, 49], 'intravesical': [30], 'BCG': [31], 'immune': [33, 111, 129, 145, 167, 185], 'checkpoint': [34, 43, 85], 'inhibitors.': [35], 'Multiple': [36], 'trials': [37, 63], 'have': [38, 64, 95], 'addressed': [39], 'inhibitors': [44], 'in': [45, 90, 169], 'advanced': [46, 79], 'bladder': [47, 170], 'cancer,': [48], 'atezolizumab,': [50], 'avelumab,': [51], 'durvalumab,': [52], 'nivolumab': [53], 'pembrolizumab': [55], '(all': [56], 'targeting': [57], 'PD1/PD-L1': [59], 'pathway).': [60], 'While': [61], 'these': [62], 'demonstrated': [65], 'promising': [66], 'results': [67], 'improvements': [69], 'over': [70], 'existing': [71], 'therapies,': [72], 'less': [73], 'than': [74], 'half': [75], 'patients': [77], 'with': [78], 'disease': [80], 'demonstrate': [81], 'clinical': [82, 193], 'benefit': [83], 'from': [84], 'inhibitor': [86], 'therapy.': [87], 'Recent': [88], 'breakthroughs': [89], 'biology': [92], 'immunology': [94], 'led': [96], 'an': [98], 'improved': [99], 'understanding': [100], 'influence': [103], 'tumor': [106, 138], 'microenvironment': [107, 139], 'on': [108], "host's": [110], 'system.': [112], 'It': [113], 'appears': [114], 'that': [115, 179], 'tumors': [116], 'promote': [117], 'formation': [119], 'highly': [121], 'immunosuppressive': [122], 'microenvironments': [123], 'preventing': [124], 'generation': [125], 'effective': [127], 'anti-tumor': [128], 'response': [130, 146], 'through': [131], 'mechanisms.': [133], 'Therefore,': [134], 'reconditioning': [135], 'restoration': [141], 'competent': [144], 'essential': [148], 'for': [149], 'achieving': [150], 'optimal': [151], 'efficacy': [152], 'immunotherapy.': [155], 'In': [156], 'this': [157], 'review,': [158], 'we': [159], 'aim': [160], 'discuss': [162], 'major': [164], 'mechanisms': [165], 'evasion': [168], 'highlight': [173], 'novel': [174], 'pathways': [175], 'molecular': [177], 'targets': [178], 'may': [180], 'help': [181], 'attenuate': [183], 'tumor-induced': [184], 'tolerance,': [186], 'overcome': [187], 'resistance': [188], 'improve': [192], 'outcomes.': [194]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2993790564', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 15}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-13T14:49:00.207719', 'created_date': '2019-12-13'}