Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2987015447', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105256', 'title': 'Investigating combined toxicity of binary mixtures in bees: Meta-analysis of laboratory tests, modelling, mechanistic basis and implications for risk assessment', 'display_name': 'Investigating combined toxicity of binary mixtures in bees: Meta-analysis of laboratory tests, modelling, mechanistic basis and implications for risk assessment', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-11-02', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2987015447', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105256', 'mag': '2987015447', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683157'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105256', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S143381477', 'display_name': 'Environment International', 'issn_l': '0160-4120', 'issn': ['0160-4120', '1873-6750'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105256', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067683157', 'display_name': 'Edoardo Carnesecchi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4370-5516'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19630809', 'display_name': 'Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05aspc753', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19630809', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110338', 'https://openalex.org/I4210153126']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193662353', 'display_name': 'Utrecht University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04pp8hn57', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}], 'countries': ['IT', 'NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Edoardo Carnesecchi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands', 'Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri, 2, 20156 Milano, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri, 2, 20156 Milano, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19630809']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051059666', 'display_name': 'Claus Svendsen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7281-647X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210092773', 'display_name': 'UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pggkr55', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'other', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210092773']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Claus Svendsen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210092773']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5077393440', 'display_name': 'Stefano Lasagni', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210117916', 'display_name': 'Agenzia Regionale Prevenzione e Ambiente della Regione Emilia-Romagna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02edavb98', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210117916']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stefano Lasagni', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Arpae Emilia Romagna, Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Arpae Emilia Romagna, Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210117916']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038900723', 'display_name': 'Audrey Grech', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127141', 'display_name': "Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034yrjf77', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127141']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Audrey Grech', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['INERIS, Paris, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'INERIS, Paris, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127141']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008339206', 'display_name': 'Nadia Quignot', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-1307'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nadia Quignot', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['CERTARA, Paris, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'CERTARA, Paris, France', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5026681845', 'display_name': 'Billy Amzal', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Billy Amzal', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['CERTARA, Paris, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'CERTARA, Paris, France', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048025971', 'display_name': 'Cosimo Toma', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6626-7590'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19630809', 'display_name': 'Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05aspc753', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19630809', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110338', 'https://openalex.org/I4210153126']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Cosimo Toma', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri, 2, 20156 Milano, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri, 2, 20156 Milano, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19630809']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020877132', 'display_name': 'Simone Tosi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-016X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210138120', 'display_name': 'Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0471kz689', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210138120']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Simone Tosi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Epidemiology Unit, European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for Honeybee Health, University Paris Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Paris, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Epidemiology Unit, European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for Honeybee Health, University Paris Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Paris, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210138120']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5107930252', 'display_name': 'Agnès Rortais', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1310212576', 'display_name': 'European Food Safety Authority', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/056nc1c48', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Agnes Rortais', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Parma, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Parma, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034673153', 'display_name': 'José Cortiñas Abrahantes', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-9429'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1310212576', 'display_name': 'European Food Safety Authority', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/056nc1c48', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jose Cortinas-Abrahantes', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Parma, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Parma, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034775817', 'display_name': 'E. Capri', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-1991'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I103320735', 'display_name': 'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h7r5v07', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I103320735']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ettore Capri', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari per una filiera agro-alimentare Sostenibile (DiSTAS), Piacenza, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari per una filiera agro-alimentare Sostenibile (DiSTAS), Piacenza, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I103320735']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065553201', 'display_name': 'Nynke I. Kramer', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3281-1815'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193662353', 'display_name': 'Utrecht University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04pp8hn57', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nynke Kramer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058133879', 'display_name': 'Emilio Benfenati', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-5989'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19630809', 'display_name': 'Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05aspc753', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19630809', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110338', 'https://openalex.org/I4210153126']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Emilio Benfenati', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri, 2, 20156 Milano, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri, 2, 20156 Milano, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19630809']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039479556', 'display_name': 'David J. Spurgeon', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-8760'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210092773', 'display_name': 'UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pggkr55', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'other', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210092773']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David Spurgeon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210092773']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020289450', 'display_name': 'G. Guillot', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-8325'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210099872', 'display_name': 'International Prevention Research Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/011ssy811', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210099872']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gilles Guillot', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210099872']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078234115', 'display_name': 'J.L.C.M. Dorne', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3305-063X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1310212576', 'display_name': 'European Food Safety Authority', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/056nc1c48', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I79619799', 'display_name': 'University of Birmingham', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03angcq70', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I79619799']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'IT'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Jean Lou Christian Michel Dorne', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Parma, Italy', 'School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Parma, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79619799']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 10, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5078234115'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1310212576', 'https://openalex.org/I79619799'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 3500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 1.509, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 73, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.992218, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '133', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '105256', 'last_page': '105256'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11641', 'display_name': 'Insect and Pesticide Research', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1109', 'display_name': 'Insect Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11641', 'display_name': 'Insect and Pesticide Research', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1109', 'display_name': 'Insect Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10487', 'display_name': 'Plant and animal studies', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1105', 'display_name': 'Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11065', 'display_name': 'Insect Pest Control Strategies', 'score': 0.9962, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33070731', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218', 'display_name': 'Toxicology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.63493246}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74714110', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416014', 'display_name': 'Acaricide', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.60763794}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780871575', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766457', 'display_name': 'Varroa', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5798521}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777907900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102857', 'display_name': 'Honey bee', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53401285}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.520954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29730261', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160', 'display_name': 'Toxicity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45569223}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161176658', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656', 'display_name': 'Pesticide', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44518065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C116263406', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299024', 'display_name': 'Acute toxicity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43777797}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90856448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431', 'display_name': 'Zoology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3340979}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.31141114}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28367054}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001516', 'descriptor_name': 'Bees', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005659', 'descriptor_name': 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010575', 'descriptor_name': 'Pesticides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005659', 'descriptor_name': 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007928', 'descriptor_name': 'Lethal Dose 50', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010575', 'descriptor_name': 'Pesticides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018570', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Assessment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 8, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105256', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S143381477', 'display_name': 'Environment International', 'issn_l': '0160-4120', 'issn': ['0160-4120', '1873-6750'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/408981', 'pdf_url': 'https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/408981/1_s2.0_S0160412019320264_main.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401843', 'display_name': 'Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1322597698', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1322597698'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-03319073/file/2019-220.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-03319073/file/2019-220.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402512', 'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'host_organization_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ineris.hal.science/ineris-03319073/file/2019-220.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://ineris.hal.science/ineris-03319073/file/2019-220.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402512', 'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'host_organization_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-03319073/document', 'pdf_url': 'https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-03319073/document', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402512', 'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'host_organization_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ineris.hal.science/ineris-03319073', 'pdf_url': 'https://ineris.hal.science/ineris-03319073/document', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402512', 'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'host_organization_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525778/1/N525778JA.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525778/1/N525778JA.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400758', 'display_name': 'NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I141816643', 'host_organization_name': 'Natural Environment Research Council', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I141816643'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Natural Environment Research Council'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683157', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105256', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S143381477', 'display_name': 'Environment International', 'issn_l': '0160-4120', 'issn': ['0160-4120', '1873-6750'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.5}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320315318', 'funder_display_name': 'European Food Safety Authority', 'award_id': 'NP/EFSA/AFSCO/2016/02'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320315318', 'funder_display_name': 'European Food Safety Authority', 'award_id': 'RC/EFSA/EMRISK/2013/02'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 113, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1590622812', 'https://openalex.org/W1755963613', 'https://openalex.org/W1888166264', 'https://openalex.org/W1927900882', 'https://openalex.org/W1977093602', 'https://openalex.org/W1977119666', 'https://openalex.org/W1983508155', 'https://openalex.org/W1989575064', 'https://openalex.org/W1991870534', 'https://openalex.org/W1994030850', 'https://openalex.org/W1994410010', 'https://openalex.org/W2000657027', 'https://openalex.org/W2003519966', 'https://openalex.org/W2005501262', 'https://openalex.org/W2011118215', 'https://openalex.org/W2012516196', 'https://openalex.org/W2034946768', 'https://openalex.org/W2038127700', 'https://openalex.org/W2040497281', 'https://openalex.org/W2041064635', 'https://openalex.org/W2042268545', 'https://openalex.org/W2047369469', 'https://openalex.org/W2047846608', 'https://openalex.org/W2060737851', 'https://openalex.org/W2066676316', 'https://openalex.org/W2071957358', 'https://openalex.org/W2079256027', 'https://openalex.org/W2080514771', 'https://openalex.org/W2080627455', 'https://openalex.org/W2081441274', 'https://openalex.org/W2083161327', 'https://openalex.org/W2085885436', 'https://openalex.org/W2092060456', 'https://openalex.org/W2096482238', 'https://openalex.org/W2097288065', 'https://openalex.org/W2098498259', 'https://openalex.org/W2099150972', 'https://openalex.org/W2102679496', 'https://openalex.org/W2103024780', 'https://openalex.org/W2107747822', 'https://openalex.org/W2109623696', 'https://openalex.org/W2110713717', 'https://openalex.org/W2111491972', 'https://openalex.org/W2111906798', 'https://openalex.org/W2122051978', 'https://openalex.org/W2129148974', 'https://openalex.org/W2129974232', 'https://openalex.org/W2132417369', 'https://openalex.org/W2135011388', 'https://openalex.org/W2138832709', 'https://openalex.org/W2140246701', 'https://openalex.org/W2141781641', 'https://openalex.org/W2146740976', 'https://openalex.org/W2147983526', 'https://openalex.org/W2149427681', 'https://openalex.org/W2151300021', 'https://openalex.org/W2152000209', 'https://openalex.org/W2152594414', 'https://openalex.org/W2158656833', 'https://openalex.org/W2164008575', 'https://openalex.org/W2167772020', 'https://openalex.org/W2174493479', 'https://openalex.org/W2178937252', 'https://openalex.org/W2214026348', 'https://openalex.org/W2259041259', 'https://openalex.org/W2264920976', 'https://openalex.org/W2320205132', 'https://openalex.org/W2329253854', 'https://openalex.org/W2345789140', 'https://openalex.org/W2396457778', 'https://openalex.org/W2406870242', 'https://openalex.org/W2496053002', 'https://openalex.org/W2520712348', 'https://openalex.org/W2526121137', 'https://openalex.org/W2527882685', 'https://openalex.org/W2545534261', 'https://openalex.org/W2554503950', 'https://openalex.org/W2559488891', 'https://openalex.org/W2562278500', 'https://openalex.org/W2570559581', 'https://openalex.org/W2573615801', 'https://openalex.org/W2580739539', 'https://openalex.org/W2588205170', 'https://openalex.org/W2591296938', 'https://openalex.org/W2591894838', 'https://openalex.org/W2594319465', 'https://openalex.org/W2622996566', 'https://openalex.org/W2625992907', 'https://openalex.org/W2698533999', 'https://openalex.org/W2757485257', 'https://openalex.org/W2769883540', 'https://openalex.org/W2781258579', 'https://openalex.org/W2795275332', 'https://openalex.org/W2806494672', 'https://openalex.org/W2889136480', 'https://openalex.org/W2891144517', 'https://openalex.org/W2902980129', 'https://openalex.org/W2904487068', 'https://openalex.org/W2908967282', 'https://openalex.org/W2911866657', 'https://openalex.org/W2912262039', 'https://openalex.org/W2920976214', 'https://openalex.org/W2934052627', 'https://openalex.org/W2940421836', 'https://openalex.org/W2964226562', 'https://openalex.org/W2975688862', 'https://openalex.org/W2991792334', 'https://openalex.org/W313203640', 'https://openalex.org/W4231274541', 'https://openalex.org/W4233385038', 'https://openalex.org/W4249462422', 'https://openalex.org/W4251783750', 'https://openalex.org/W4253316095'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4390057134', 'https://openalex.org/W3193783123', 'https://openalex.org/W3156131517', 'https://openalex.org/W3108152766', 'https://openalex.org/W2896918368', 'https://openalex.org/W2801209890', 'https://openalex.org/W2588269962', 'https://openalex.org/W2237881932', 'https://openalex.org/W2125013458', 'https://openalex.org/W2037822341'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Bees': [0], 'are': [1, 243, 267, 354], 'exposed': [2], 'to': [3, 54, 166, 197, 245, 269, 304, 313, 322, 341], 'a': [4, 52, 156], 'wide': [5], 'range': [6], 'of': [7, 32, 58, 70, 81, 169, 183, 199, 238, 261, 274, 288, 292, 319, 337], 'multiple': [8, 33, 343], 'chemicals': [9, 34, 348], '"chemical': [10], 'mixtures"': [11], 'from': [12], 'anthropogenic': [13], '(e.g.': [14, 24, 43], 'plant': [15, 26], 'protection': [16], 'products': [17], 'or': [18, 21], 'veterinary': [19], 'products)': [20], 'natural': [22], 'origin': [23], 'mycotoxins,': [25], 'toxins).': [27], 'Quantifying': [28], 'the': [29, 56, 142, 162, 188, 262, 271, 282, 286, 315, 335], 'relative': [30], 'impact': [31], 'on': [35, 74], 'bee': [36, 100], 'health': [37], 'compared': [38], 'with': [39, 127], 'other': [40, 278], 'environmental': [41], 'stressors': [42, 85, 344, 351], 'varroa,': [44], 'viruses,': [45], 'and': [46, 67, 83, 98, 135, 161, 176, 203, 212, 230, 259, 277, 300, 317, 331, 349], 'nutrition)': [47], 'has': [48, 86], 'been': [49, 87], 'identified': [50], 'as': [51, 187, 224], 'priority': [53], 'support': [55], 'development': [57, 336], 'holistic': [59], 'risk': [60, 338], 'assessment': [61, 339], 'methods.': [62], 'Here,': [63], 'extensive': [64], 'literature': [65], 'searches': [66], 'data': [68, 77, 115, 143, 148, 329], 'collection': [69], 'available': [71, 145], 'laboratory': [72], 'studies': [73, 129], 'combined': [75, 170], 'toxicity': [76, 114, 133, 171, 260], 'for': [78, 89, 117, 149, 207, 334], 'binary': [79, 112, 151, 239, 263, 294], 'mixtures': [80, 152, 240, 295], 'pesticides': [82], 'non-chemical': [84, 350], 'performed': [88], 'honey': [90], 'bees': [91, 95, 242, 266, 346, 353], '(Apis': [92], 'mellifera),': [93], 'wild': [94], '(Bombus': [96], 'spp.)': [97], 'solitary': [99], 'species': [101], '(Osmia': [102], 'spp.).': [103], 'From': [104, 141], '957': [105], 'screened': [106], 'publications,': [107], '14': [108], 'publications': [109], 'provided': [110], '218': [111], 'mixture': [113], 'mostly': [116], 'acute': [118, 136], 'mortality': [119], '(lethal': [120], 'dose:': [121], 'LD50)': [122], 'after': [123], 'contact': [124], 'exposure': [125, 309], '(61%),': [126], 'fewer': [128], 'reporting': [130], 'chronic': [131], 'oral': [132, 137], '(20%)': [134], 'LC50': [138], 'values': [139], '(19%).': [140], 'collection,': [144], 'dose': [146, 258], 'response': [147], '92': [150], 'were': [153, 205, 222], 'modelled': [154], 'using': [155], 'Toxic': [157], 'Unit': [158], '(TU)': [159], 'approach': [160], 'MIXTOX': [163], 'modelling': [164], 'tool': [165], 'test': [167], 'assumptions': [168], 'i.e.': [172], 'concentration': [173], 'addition': [174], '(CA),': [175], 'interactions': [177, 184, 225, 321], '(i.e.': [178], 'synergism,': [179], 'antagonism).': [180], 'The': [181, 193, 232], 'magnitude': [182], 'was': [185], 'quantified': [186], 'Model': [189], 'Deviation': [190], 'Ratio': [191], '(MDR).': [192], 'CA': [194], 'model': [195], 'applied': [196], '17%': [198], 'cases': [200], 'while': [201], 'synergism': [202], 'antagonism': [204], 'observed': [206, 223], '72%': [208], '(MDR': [209, 214], '>': [210], '1.25)': [211], '11%': [213], '<': [215], '0.83)': [216], 'respectively.': [217], 'Most': [218], 'synergistic': [219, 236], 'effects': [220, 237], '(55%)': [221], 'between': [226], 'sterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting': [227], '(SBI)': [228], 'fungicides': [229], 'insecticide/acaricide.': [231], 'mechanisms': [233], 'behind': [234], 'such': [235, 320], 'in': [241, 253, 256, 281, 296, 345, 352], 'known': [244, 268], 'involve': [246], 'direct': [247], 'cytochrome': [248], 'P450': [249], '(CYP)': [250], 'inhibition,': [251], 'resulting': [252], 'an': [254], 'increase': [255], 'internal': [257], 'mixture.': [264], 'Moreover,': [265], 'have': [270], 'lowest': [272], 'number': [273], 'CYP': [275], 'copies': [276], 'detoxification': [279], 'enzymes': [280], 'insect': [283], 'kingdom.': [284], 'In': [285], 'light': [287], 'these': [289, 293], 'findings,': [290], 'occurrence': [291], 'relevant': [297], 'crops': [298], '(frequency': [299], 'concentrations)': [301], 'would': [302], 'need': [303], 'be': [305], 'investigated.': [306], 'Addressing': [307], 'this': [308], 'dimension': [310], 'remains': [311], 'critical': [312], 'characterise': [314], 'likelihood': [316], 'plausibility': [318], 'occur': [323], 'under': [324], 'field': [325], 'realistic': [326], 'conditions.': [327], 'Finally,': [328], 'gaps': [330], 'further': [332], 'work': [333], 'methods': [340], 'assess': [342], 'including': [347], 'discussed.': [355]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2987015447', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-19T04:14:34.298295', 'created_date': '2019-11-22'}