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302, 403, 740, 783, 1077, 1369, 1738, 2181, 2246], 'knowledge': [81, 833, 846, 927, 2537], 'provided': [82], 'a': [83, 295, 463, 570, 612, 651, 720, 765, 812, 821, 842, 925, 954, 1106, 1111, 1224, 1253, 1256, 1272, 1336, 1371, 1583, 1853, 1947, 2070, 2213, 2279, 2377, 2469, 2552], 'foundation': [84], 'mechanistic': [86, 768, 1315, 2470], 'that': [88, 231, 282, 364, 378, 763, 988, 1015, 1284, 1305, 1438, 1505, 1690, 1710, 1746, 1842, 1878, 1912, 1928, 2152, 2291, 2432, 2631], 'impacted': [90], 'fields': [91], 'study': [93, 244], 'from': [94, 541, 751, 852, 1189, 1317, 1563, 1909, 1946, 2570], 'crop': [95, 2366, 2649], 'physiology': [96], 'global': [99, 597, 623, 826, 1153, 2359, 2593, 2667], 'hydrologic': [100], 'cycle': [101, 2319, 2669], '(Fig.': [102, 2368], '1;': [103], '2003;': [107], 'Tang': [108], '2015;': [111, 1039, 1043, 1477], 'Peters-Lidard': [112], '2019).': [115, 554, 1167, 1368, 1432, 1998], 'Scientific': [116], 'its': [125, 817, 1099, 2324], 'implications': [126, 240], 'for': [127, 347, 390, 1005, 1588, 2215, 2556], 'function': [129, 288, 772, 836, 932, 1493, 2411], 'have': [130, 171, 184, 232, 239, 488, 604, 712, 764, 2125, 2344], 'arguably': [131], 'accelerated': [132], 'over': [133, 2339], 'two': [136, 2011], 'decades.': [137], 'New': [138, 895], 'empirical': [139], '(Holbrook': [140], '2001;': [143, 433], 'Choat': [144], '2015)': [147], 'modeling': [149, 662, 1320, 2338], '(Christoffersen': [150, 1160, 2482], '2016;': [153, 157, 481, 702, 706, 1163, 1426, 1994, 2485], 'Venturas': [158, 707], '2018;': [161, 1364], 'Kennedy': [162, 1164], '2019;': [165, 1430], 'Mencuccini': [166], '2019)': [169], 'approaches': [170], 'been': [172, 185, 279, 1067, 1741, 1811, 1840, 2082], 'applied': [173, 2061], 'tackle': [175], 'some': [176, 211, 226, 558, 1691, 1819, 1867], 'largest': [179], 'challenges,': [180], 'different': [182, 518, 530, 539, 1178], 'perspectives': [183], 'integrated': [186], 'better': [188, 615, 1388], 'entire': [191, 1134, 1885], 'system': [193, 293, 718, 840, 1158], '(e.g.': [194, 754, 1021, 1208, 1262, 2404], 'carbon': [195, 626, 990, 1618, 2318, 2362, 2668], 'metabolism': [196, 2446], 'xylem': [198, 351, 422, 1026, 1473, 1511, 1567, 1581, 1651, 1671, 1751, 1983, 2032, 2088, 2123], 'hydraulics;': [199], 'Hölttä': [200], '2009;': [203, 977, 1824], 'Secchi': [204, 1895], '2011).': [207, 739], 'Here': [208], 'we': [209, 934, 1288, 1385, 1485, 2354, 2491], 'highlight': [210], 'most': [214, 1311, 2371, 2628], 'exciting': [215, 273, 2554], 'recent': [216], 'hydraulics,': [223], 'address': [225, 789], 'new': [229, 721, 814, 1580, 2004, 2012], 'frontiers': [230, 237], 'emerged.': [233], 'These': [234], 'all': [238, 1287], 'far': [241, 2468], 'beyond': [242], 'plants,': [250, 1941], 'as': [251, 495, 611, 642, 719, 841, 1056, 1081, 1335, 1339, 2232, 2234], 'highlighted': [252], 'graphically': [253], 'Fig.': [255], '1.': [256], 'We': [257, 2423], 'conclude': [258, 2251], 'with': [259, 358, 499, 682, 727, 770, 913, 924, 1023, 1128, 1145, 1604, 1767, 1779, 1804, 1813, 2577, 2606, 2615], 'speculation': [260], 'on': [261, 315, 676, 1001, 1549, 1679, 1715, 2187, 2196, 2395, 2409], 'where': [262], 'will': [266, 933, 1901, 2006, 2293, 2513, 2603], 'progress': [267, 910], '21st': [270, 2549], 'century.': [271], 'An': [272, 1921], 'aspect': [274], 'discovery': [281], 'adaptation': [283], 'form': [286, 414], 'transport': [292, 492, 1526], 'constitutes': [294], 'axis': [297], 'terrestrial': [299], 'evolution.': [301], 'situation': [303], 'arises': [304], 'because': [305, 2322], 'three': [307], 'unavoidable': [308], 'consequences': [309], 'undertaking': [311], 'photosynthesis': [312, 326, 392, 469, 987, 1536], 'growth': [314, 1578, 2545], 'land.': [317], 'First': [318], 'is': [319, 339, 354, 376, 452, 785, 810, 876, 1078, 1088, 1223, 1251, 1268, 1286, 1309, 1370, 1434, 1456, 1482, 1558, 1596, 1801, 1916, 1936, 1960, 1967, 2018, 2069, 2100, 2150, 2212, 2289, 2384, 2393, 2480, 2539, 2637], 'inevitable': [321], 'connection': [322], 'between': [323, 418, 465, 582, 1211, 2472], 'transpiration': [324, 1404], 'caused': [327, 1528], 'by': [328, 454, 831, 1529, 1571, 1621, 1668, 1743, 1846], 'parallel': [330], 'fluxes': [331, 624, 1391, 1417, 1437], 'CO2': [335], 'stomata;': [337], 'second': [338, 2097], 'relatively': [341, 813, 1129], 'narrow': [342], 'functional': [343, 657, 728, 2029], 'hydration': [344], 'window': [345], 'required': [346, 1881, 1903], 'photosynthetic,': [348], 'stomatal': [349, 459, 500, 984], 'operation;': [352], 'third': [353], 'cost': [356], 'associated': [357, 681, 1395, 2605], 'construction': [360, 1625], 'maintenance.': [362], 'Assuming': [363], 'selection': [365], 'drives': [366], 'towards': [367], 'maximizing': [368], 'net': [369], 'photosynthetic': [370, 428], 'profit': [371], '(Givnish,': [372], 'then': [374], 'it': [375, 967, 1012, 1595, 1707, 1838, 2079, 2149, 2288, 2538], 'expected': [377, 2458], 'plants': [379, 731, 946, 963, 1016, 1506, 1560, 1590, 1599, 1622, 1634, 1664, 1692, 1915], 'should': [380], 'invest': [381], 'just': [382], 'enough': [383], 'capacity': [385, 429, 1527], 'maintain': [387, 1102], 'stomata': [388], 'open': [389, 1556], 'maximum': [391, 2578], 'under': [393, 1110, 1177, 1685, 1698, 1919, 1932, 2193, 2651], 'favorable': [394], 'soil': [395, 950], 'atmospheric': [397, 948, 2499], 'conditions': [398, 2161, 2254], '(Dewar': [399], '2018).': [402, 710, 1501, 1629, 1662, 2095], 'argument': [404], 'found': [406], 'strong': [407], 'support': [408], 'literature': [411], 'clear': [416], 'correlations': [417], 'efficiency': [420, 587], 'supply': [424, 467, 1464], '(Hubbard': [430], 'Brodribb': [434, 474], '2005;': [437, 473], 'Maherali': [438], '2008)': [441, 1011], 'productivity': [443], '(Poorter': [444], '2010)': [447], 'species.': [450], 'Coordination': [451], 'evidenced': [453], 'covariation': [455], 'anatomy': [460], 'achieve': [462], 'balance': [464], '(Sack': [470], 'Jordan,': [476], '2011;': [477], 'Fiorin': [478], 'Schneider': [482], '2017).': [485, 782, 1047, 1898, 2305, 2598], 'Key': [486], 'patterns': [487, 726], 'emerged': [489, 1014, 1334], 'linking': [490], 'properties': [493, 729], 'such': [494, 641, 2278], 'leaf': [496, 755, 1117, 2063, 2134], 'vein': [497], 'density': [498, 501], 'cell': [503], 'size': [504], '(Carins': [505], 'Murphy': [506], '2012),': [509], 'enabling': [510, 786], 'plasticity': [511], 'but': [512, 859, 909, 1093, 1796, 1829, 2076], 'also': [513, 713], 'determining': [514, 1459], 'adaptive': [515, 583], 'trajectories': [516], 'into': [517, 635, 902, 1150], 'light': [519], 'climates': [520], '(Brodribb': [521, 974, 1591, 2065], '2013).': [524, 602, 1520], 'Recent': [525], 'work': [526, 1900], 'shows': [527], 'these': [529, 860, 906, 1199, 1435, 1608, 2298], 'structural,': [531], 'relations': [535], 'traits': [536, 560, 762, 2479], 'adapt': [537], 'across': [538], 'scales': [540, 2594], 'individual': [543], 'up': [544, 2050], 'level': [547, 1658, 2280], 'family': [550], '(Rosas': [551], 'stability': [556], 'within': [561, 577, 2113, 2174], 'species': [562, 802, 1868], 'even': [564, 1537, 1697, 2201], 'larger': [565], 'phylogenetic': [566], 'groupings': [567], 'allowed': [569, 742], 'degree': [571, 1328, 1393], 'historical': [573], 'reconstruction': [574], 'major': [578, 886, 2299], 'clades,': [579], 'revealing': [580], 'connections': [581], 'improvement': [584], 'leaves': [589, 892, 2131], 'rise': [592], 'angiosperms': [595], 'dominance': [598], '(Feild': [599], 'Brodribb,': [601], 'Modelers': [603], 'realized': [605], 'potential': [607, 1219, 1701, 1732, 1972, 2108, 2128, 2155, 2172, 2205, 2222, 2237, 2270, 2286, 2588], 'means': [613, 2295], 'representing': [616], 'behavior': [618], 'vegetation': [620, 695], 'regulating': [622], 'vapor.': [629, 1121], 'incorporation': [631], 'frameworks': [634], 'land': [636], 'surface': [637], 'models': [638, 674, 1155, 1184, 1202, 2620], 'allow': [639, 2248, 2264, 2277, 2622], 'variables': [640], 'rooting': [643], 'depth,': [644], 'allometry': [646], 'capacitance': [648, 1411], 'produce': [650], 'more': [652, 766, 790, 1453, 2216, 2381], 'meaningful': [653], 'representation': [654], 'types': [658], 'large': [660, 1372], 'scale': [661, 827, 1154, 2569], '(Xu': [663, 797], '2016).': [666, 1233, 2489], 'In': [667, 2146, 2508], 'addition,': [668], 'application': [670, 818], 'optimization': [673], 'formulated': [675], 'principles': [677], 'minimizing': [679], 'costs': [680, 1619], 'dysfunction': [684], 'during': [685, 1353, 1397, 1447, 1775, 1858, 2034, 2177], 'deficit,': [687, 2504, 2528], 'provide': [688, 1725, 2294], 'much': [689], 'needed': [690], 'improvements': [691, 2609], 'predictions': [693], 'response': [696], 'rainfall': [698], 'Wolf': [703], 'Ecologists': [711], 'embraced': [714], 'tool': [722], 'connect': [724], 'ecological': [725, 792, 824], '(Choat': [732, 775, 1833], '2007;': [735, 778], 'Markesteijn': [736], 'traditional': [744], '‘functional': [745], 'trait’': [746], 'network': [747], 'be': [749, 935, 966, 1070, 1086, 1271, 1323, 1902, 2049, 2604], 'expanded': [750], 'basic': [752, 832], 'economics': [753], 'mass': [756], 'per': [757, 1091], 'area)': [758], 'include': [760], 'direct': [767, 969, 2325], 'association': [769], 'climate': [774], 'Larter': [779], 'approach': [784], 'researchers': [787], 'complex': [791, 907], 'questions': [793], 'about': [794, 834, 847], 'community': [795], 'assembly': [796], '2016)': [800, 2068], 'distributions': [803], '(Blackman': [804, 1423], '2012).': [807, 1737], 'Plant': [808, 2306], 'still': [811, 1555, 2418], 'science,': [815], 'diversity': [822], 'processes': [828, 856, 1159, 1304, 1877, 1979, 2263], 'remains': [829, 911, 1513], 'constrained': [830], 'whole.': [843], 'foundational': [845], 'was': [850, 1708], 'built': [851], 'studies': [853, 1766, 2119], 'stems,': [858], 'are': [861, 899, 1405, 1486, 1611, 1635, 1879, 2415, 2457], 'simplest': [863, 2510], 'least': [865, 1944, 2010], 'important': [866, 2629], 'resistors': [867, 887], 'whole': [870, 929, 945], 'system.': [873], 'Now': [874], 'there': [875, 2211], 'an': [877, 1711], 'urgent': [878], 'need': [879, 1386, 2214], 'expand': [881], 'plants;': [889], 'roots,': [891], 'flowers.': [894], 'tools': [896], 'methods': [898], 'providing': [900], 'insights': [901], 'performance': [904], 'organs,': [908], 'slow,': [912], 'roots': [914, 1347], 'flowers': [916], 'particularly': [917], 'underrepresented': [918], 'literature.': [921], 'Only': [922], 'armed': [923], 'detailed': [926, 1454], 'able': [936], 'confidently': [938], 'interpret': [939], 'predict': [941, 1187, 1292, 2399, 2542], 'responses': [943], 'conditions.': [951], 'Hydraulics': [952], 'play': [953], 'critical': [955, 1049, 1107, 1173, 1337, 1442, 1515, 2386, 2428], 'role': [956, 1241, 1461, 2387, 2443], 'survival': [959], 'mortality': [961, 1006, 1188, 1229, 1246, 1250, 1293, 1308], 'experiencing': [964], 'drought,': [965], 'failure': [970, 1065, 1127, 1191, 1276, 1331, 1344, 1446, 2437], 'avoid': [972], 'desiccation': [973], 'Cochard,': [976], 'Blackman': [978], '2016),': [981, 1144], 'and/or': [982, 1348], 'reductions': [985], 'promote': [989, 1307], 'starvation': [991], 'vulnerability': [993], 'pests': [995], '(Martínez-Vilalta': [996], '2002).': [999], 'Building': [1000], 'framework': [1004], 'prediction': [1007, 2642], '(McDowell': [1008, 1032, 1137, 1355, 1494], 'which': [1017, 1222, 1318, 2520, 2529, 2661], 'spend': [1018], 'durations': [1020], 'months)': [1022], 'low': [1024], 'residual': [1025, 1116, 1174, 1934, 1986, 2268], 'conductivity': [1028], 'tend': [1029], 'die': [1031], '2013;': [1035, 1140, 1358, 1497], 'Anderegg': [1036], 'Love,': [1042], 'Adams': [1044], 'loss': [1050, 1058, 1523], 'conductance': [1052, 1097, 1118, 1176, 1409, 2579], '(commonly': [1053], 'referred': [1054], 'percentage': [1057], 'conductance,': [1060], 'PLC)': [1061], 'leading': [1062], 'reported': [1068], 'variable': [1071, 2382], 'among': [1072], 'species,': [1073], 'sites': [1074], 'experiments.': [1076], 'not': [1079, 1089, 1830, 1917, 1938, 2048, 2157, 2276, 2425, 2493], 'unexpected,': [1080], 'relevant': [1083], 'parameter': [1084], 'considered': [1087, 1803], 'PLC': [1090, 1759, 1783], 'se,': [1092], 'actual': [1095, 1958], 'sufficiency': [1100], 'cells': [1103, 1865, 2225], 'hydrated': [1104], 'above': [1105], 'content,': [1109], 'given': [1112], 'evaporative': [1113, 1181], 'demand': [1114, 1182], 'Models': [1122], 'can': [1123, 1185, 1203, 1306, 1322, 1507, 1561, 1600, 1693, 1862, 2635], 'now': [1124, 1148, 2078], 'simulate': [1125, 1204, 1490, 2357], 'high': [1130], 'accuracy': [1131], 'throughout': [1132], 'vasculature': [1136, 2064], 'rigorous': [1146], 'entering': [1149], 'ecosystem': [1151], 'Earth': [1157], 'identification': [1169], 'thresholds': [1171, 1516, 2429], 'scenarios': [1179], 'suggests': [1183, 1342, 1504, 1927], 'directly': [1186], 'when': [1192, 1399, 1510, 1969, 2202], 'they': [1193], 'properly': [1194], 'represent': [1195], 'hydraulics.': [1197, 2507], 'Likewise,': [1198, 2490], 'trait-enabled': [1200], 'safety': [1206], 'margins': [1207], 'difference': [1210], 'observed': [1212], 'minimum': [1213], 'potentials': [1215], 'embolism),': [1221], 'primary': [1225], 'correlate': [1226, 1778], 'drought-induced': [1228, 1245], '(Anderegg': [1230], 'challenges': [1235, 2417], 'facing': [1236], 'remain': [1247], 'numerous.': [1248], 'First,': [1249], 'likely': [1252, 1312], 'product': [1254], 'cascade': [1257], 'influences': [1259], 'Manion,': [1263], '1981;': [1264], 'Waring,': [1265], 'unlikely': [1269], 'case': [1273], 'twigs': [1278], 'isolation,': [1280], 'thus': [1281, 1452, 2467], 'assumption': [1283], 'must': [1289], 'know': [1290, 2426], 'seems': [1294], 'premature': [1295], 'overly': [1297], 'simplistic.': [1298], 'Research': [1299], 'considering': [1300], 'myriad': [1302], 'yield': [1314], 'insight': [1316], 'simplified': [1319], 'schemes': [1321], 'developed.': [1324], 'Second,': [1325], 'belowground': [1332], 'frontier,': [1338], 'analysis': [1341, 1923], 'root–soil': [1349], 'interface': [1350], 'may': [1351, 1439], 'dominate': [1352, 1412, 2514], 'drought': [1354, 1448, 1509, 1539, 1674, 1686, 1776, 2035, 2659], 'D.': [1359], 'M.': [1360, 2091], 'Johnson': [1361, 2092], 'Mackay': [1365], 'challenge': [1373], 'due': [1374, 2165], 'difficult': [1377, 2540], 'nature': [1378], 'quantifying': [1380], 'belowground.': [1383], 'Third,': [1384], 'periods': [1398], 'root': [1400, 1655], 'uptake': [1402, 2311], 'curtailed': [1406], 'cuticular': [1408], 'output': [1414], 'input': [1416], 'foliage': [1422], 'Duursma': [1427], 'Körner,': [1431], 'It': [1433], 'small': [1436], 'define': [1440], 'point': [1443, 1949], '(Cochard,': [1449], '2019),': [1450, 1544, 1795], 'focus': [1455], 'merited.': [1457], 'Finally,': [1458], 'carbohydrate': [1463, 2445], 'utilization': [1466], 'avoidance': [1469], 'repair/regrowth': [1471], '(Vandegehuchte': [1474], 'Tomasella': [1478], '2017)': [1481], 'essential': [1483], 'if': [1484, 1598, 1607], 'coupled': [1491], 'carbon-hydraulic': [1492], 'Fisher': [1498], 'Experimental': [1502], 'evidence': [1503, 1798, 1926], 'survive': [1508], 'below': [1514], '(Nardini': [1517, 1784], 'Still,': [1521], 'gas-filled': [1530, 1609], 'conduits': [1531, 1603, 1610, 1667, 1696, 2033, 2228], 'reduces': [1532], 'gas': [1533], 'exchange': [1534], 'after': [1538, 1673], 'relief': [1540], '(Kannenberg': [1541], 'possibly': [1545, 1873], 'implying': [1546], 'long-term': [1547, 1586], 'legacies': [1548], 'health': [1551], 'productivity.': [1553], 'A': [1554], 'question': [1557, 1959, 2001], 'whether': [1559, 1961], 'recover': [1562], 'nonlethal': [1564], 'levels': [1565, 1760], 'following': [1569], 'rehydration,': [1570], 'regaining': [1572], 'full': [1573], 'pre-drought': [1574], 'functionality.': [1576], 'While': [1577, 2045, 2272], 'provides': [1582, 2312], 'mid-': [1584], 'solution': [1587], 'woody': [1589, 1631], '2010),': [1594], 'debated': [1597], 'refill': [1601, 1694, 1883], 'embolized': [1602, 1666, 1695, 2230, 2453], 'water,': [1605], 'or': [1606, 1656, 2139, 2169, 2195, 2524], 'functionally': [1612], 'lost': [1613], 'forever': [1614], 'despite': [1615], 'significant': [1617], 'incurred': [1620], 'their': [1624, 1650], '(Klein': [1626], 'Some': [1630], 'herbaceous': [1633], 'known': [1636], 'seasonally': [1638], 'repair': [1639, 1665, 2192, 2451], 'frost-induced': [1640], 'via': [1642, 1977, 2140], 'generation': [1643], 'positive': [1645, 1670, 1982], 'over-atmospheric': [1647], 'pressure': [1648, 1672, 2407, 2503, 2527, 2656], 'system,': [1652], 'either': [1653], 'at': [1654, 1943, 2009, 2121, 2590, 2610], 'stem': [1657, 1854, 1886, 2136], '(Yin': [1659], 'Do': [1663], 'generating': [1669, 1980], 'relief?': [1675], 'Early': [1676], 'reports': [1677, 1744], 'based': [1678, 1714], 'dynamics': [1684, 1717], 'recovery': [1688, 1966], 'suggested': [1689], 'negative': [1699], '(Salleo': [1702], '1996),': [1705], 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