Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2969837985', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091761', 'title': 'Impact Assessment of Pier Shape and Modifications on Scouring around Bridge Pier', 'display_name': 'Impact Assessment of Pier Shape and Modifications on Scouring around Bridge Pier', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-08-23', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2969837985', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091761', 'mag': '2969837985'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091761', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1761/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134216166', 'display_name': 'Water', 'issn_l': '2073-4441', 'issn': ['2073-4441'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1761/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031304131', 'display_name': 'Rashid Farooq', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4763-7645'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I173207729', 'display_name': 'University of Engineering and Technology Taxila', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03v00ka07', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I173207729']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I121243025', 'display_name': 'International Islamic University, Islamabad', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047w75g40', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I121243025']}], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Rashid Farooq', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan', 'Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I173207729']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I121243025']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040633805', 'display_name': 'Abdul Razzaq Ghumman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-2013'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I156216236', 'display_name': 'Qassim University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wsfe280', 'country_code': 'SA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I156216236']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I173207729', 'display_name': 'University of Engineering and Technology Taxila', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03v00ka07', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I173207729']}], 'countries': ['PK', 'SA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Abdul Razzaq Ghumman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51431, Saudi Arabia', 'Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51431, Saudi Arabia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I156216236']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I173207729']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5031304131'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I173207729', 'https://openalex.org/I121243025'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2200, 'currency': 'CHF', 'value_usd': 2382, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2200, 'currency': 'CHF', 'value_usd': 2382, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 2.199, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 45, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999951, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '11', 'issue': '9', 'first_page': '1761', 'last_page': '1761'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10577', 'display_name': 'Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10577', 'display_name': 'Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12022', 'display_name': 'Hydraulic flow and structures', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10889', 'display_name': 'Soil erosion and sediment transport', 'score': 0.9978, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1111', 'display_name': 'Soil Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/collar', 'display_name': 'Collar', 'score': 0.676772}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157892014', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335297', 'display_name': 'Pier', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.99714565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781448223', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108904', 'display_name': 'Collar', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.676772}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66938386', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538', 'display_name': 'Structural engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.58624506}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187320778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.57455397}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48355076}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4418233}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091761', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1761/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134216166', 'display_name': 'Water', 'issn_l': '2073-4441', 'issn': ['2073-4441'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/9dc70dd62a1e4034b3ff09e4bce20292', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091761', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1761/pdf?version=1566554136', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400947', 'display_name': 'MDPI (MDPI AG)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210097602', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210097602'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091761', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1761/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134216166', 'display_name': 'Water', 'issn_l': '2073-4441', 'issn': ['2073-4441'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.5, 'display_name': 'Sustainable cities and communities', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 49, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1525699088', 'https://openalex.org/W1572030754', 'https://openalex.org/W1966505927', 'https://openalex.org/W1968268986', 'https://openalex.org/W1974118517', 'https://openalex.org/W1974752882', 'https://openalex.org/W1977487377', 'https://openalex.org/W1979712060', 'https://openalex.org/W1994653446', 'https://openalex.org/W2003007507', 'https://openalex.org/W2003215264', 'https://openalex.org/W2003970792', 'https://openalex.org/W2011698642', 'https://openalex.org/W2022138416', 'https://openalex.org/W2022868161', 'https://openalex.org/W2032955916', 'https://openalex.org/W2047035717', 'https://openalex.org/W2057692198', 'https://openalex.org/W2062949849', 'https://openalex.org/W2064450791', 'https://openalex.org/W2068953831', 'https://openalex.org/W2081046207', 'https://openalex.org/W2091745750', 'https://openalex.org/W2151403255', 'https://openalex.org/W2160370814', 'https://openalex.org/W2165895745', 'https://openalex.org/W2167510540', 'https://openalex.org/W2169267897', 'https://openalex.org/W2278034102', 'https://openalex.org/W2323965279', 'https://openalex.org/W2562738553', 'https://openalex.org/W2575530188', 'https://openalex.org/W2584477728', 'https://openalex.org/W2586584027', 'https://openalex.org/W2600303082', 'https://openalex.org/W2603103520', 'https://openalex.org/W2604178698', 'https://openalex.org/W2607108240', 'https://openalex.org/W2611760494', 'https://openalex.org/W2624156979', 'https://openalex.org/W2737833111', 'https://openalex.org/W2755379744', 'https://openalex.org/W2767191268', 'https://openalex.org/W2801495057', 'https://openalex.org/W2801661103', 'https://openalex.org/W2810103136', 'https://openalex.org/W2889950699', 'https://openalex.org/W2911371061', 'https://openalex.org/W4254931348'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3190734613', 'https://openalex.org/W3171858099', 'https://openalex.org/W3156119425', 'https://openalex.org/W3151182151', 'https://openalex.org/W2969837985', 'https://openalex.org/W2571879116', 'https://openalex.org/W2391696634', 'https://openalex.org/W2020638758', 'https://openalex.org/W2005559061', 'https://openalex.org/W1839429328'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Previous': [0], 'experimental': [1, 40], 'research': [2], 'on': [3, 15, 94], 'utilizing': [4], 'pier': [5, 29, 32, 58, 77, 82, 92, 124, 130, 158], 'modifications': [6], 'as': [7, 113, 206], 'countermeasures': [8], 'against': [9], 'local': [10, 95], 'scour': [11, 120, 171, 204], 'has': [12], 'focused': [13], 'primarily': [14], 'circular': [16], 'pier.': [17, 192, 212], 'It': [18, 193], 'is': [19], 'of': [20, 47, 55, 91, 129, 139, 203], 'utmost': [21], 'importance': [22], 'to': [23, 43, 86, 105, 122, 154, 180, 208], 'further': [24], 'investigate': [25], 'the': [26, 45, 48, 56, 89, 127, 147, 170, 197], 'most': [27], 'suitable': [28, 76], 'shape': [30, 93, 110], 'for': [31, 97], 'modification': [33, 131], 'countermeasure': [34], 'separately': [35, 70], 'and': [36, 50, 68, 71, 144, 187], 'in': [37, 53, 72, 118], 'combination.': [38], 'This': [39], 'study': [41], 'aims': [42], 'reduce': [44], 'stagnation': [46], 'flow': [49], 'vortex': [51], 'formation': [52], 'front': [54], 'bridge': [57, 149], 'by': [59, 135, 166], 'providing': [60], 'a': [61, 63, 66, 75, 98, 182], 'collar,': [62, 65, 140, 142], 'hooked': [64, 141, 183], 'cable,': [67, 143], 'openings': [69, 145, 188], 'combination': [73, 177, 199], 'around': [74, 189], 'shape.': [78], 'Therefore,': [79], 'six': [80], 'different': [81, 137], 'shapes': [83], 'were': [84], 'utilized': [85], 'find': [87], 'out': [88], 'influence': [90], 'scouring': [96], 'length–width': [99], 'ratio': [100], 'smaller': [101], 'than': [102], 'or': [103], 'equal': [104], '3.': [106], 'A': [107], 'plain': [108], 'octagonal': [109, 148, 157, 191, 211], 'was': [111, 132, 152, 178, 194], 'shown': [112], 'having': [114], 'more': [115], 'satisfactory': [116], 'results': [117, 163], 'reducing': [119], 'compared': [121, 153, 207], 'other': [123], 'shapes.': [125], 'Furthermore,': [126], 'efficiency': [128], 'then': [133], 'evaluated': [134], 'testing': [136], 'combinations': [138], 'within': [146], 'pier,': [150], 'which': [151], 'an': [155, 190, 209], 'unprotected': [156, 210], 'without': [159], 'any': [160], 'modification.': [161], 'The': [162, 175], 'show': [164], 'that': [165, 196], 'applying': [167], 'such': [168], 'modifications,': [169], 'depth': [172], 'reduced': [173, 200], 'significantly.': [174], 'best': [176, 198], 'found': [179], 'be': [181], 'collar': [184], 'with': [185], 'cable': [186], 'revealed': [195], 'almost': [201], '53%': [202], 'depth,': [205]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2969837985', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T09:45:18.735269', 'created_date': '2019-08-29'}