Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2965262021', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016924', 'title': 'Three‐Dimensional <i>S</i> Velocity Structure of the Mantle Transition Zone Beneath Central America and the Gulf of Mexico Inferred Using Waveform Inversion', 'display_name': 'Three‐Dimensional <i>S</i> Velocity Structure of the Mantle Transition Zone Beneath Central America and the Gulf of Mexico Inferred Using Waveform Inversion', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-07-30', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2965262021', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016924', 'mag': '2965262021'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016924', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210228715', 'display_name': 'Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth', 'issn_l': '2169-9313', 'issn': ['2169-9313', '2169-9356'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053941452', 'display_name': 'Anselme F. E. Borgeaud', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6060-6133'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128530', 'display_name': 'Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03c4nqn69', 'country_code': 'TW', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128530', 'https://openalex.org/I84653119']}], 'countries': ['TW'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Anselme F. E. Borgeaud', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan', 'Now at Institute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Now at Institute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128530']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023914385', 'display_name': 'Kenji Kawai', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-4622'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Kenji Kawai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076170503', 'display_name': 'Robert J. Geller', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-9431'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Robert J. Geller', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5053941452', 'https://openalex.org/A5023914385', 'https://openalex.org/A5076170503'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128530'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3700, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3700, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.234, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 10, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.70108, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 85, 'max': 86}, 'biblio': {'volume': '124', 'issue': '9', 'first_page': '9664', 'last_page': '9681'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10413', 'display_name': 'High-pressure geophysics and materials', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10413', 'display_name': 'High-pressure geophysics and materials', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10110', 'display_name': 'earthquake and tectonic studies', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11757', 'display_name': 'Seismic Waves and Analysis', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/slab', 'display_name': 'Slab', 'score': 0.6533233}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/classification-of-discontinuities', 'display_name': 'Classification of discontinuities', 'score': 0.551569}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-tomography', 'display_name': 'Seismic Tomography', 'score': 0.41740692}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.88520277}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58097730', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176318', 'display_name': 'Subduction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8736853}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165205528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371', 'display_name': 'Seismology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.8112811}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163686574', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638707', 'display_name': 'Transition zone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72162557}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C113740112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5904738', 'display_name': 'Slab', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6533233}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67236022', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4364434', 'display_name': 'Mantle (geology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6142966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15627037', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541961', 'display_name': 'Classification of discontinuities', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.551569}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1893757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001', 'display_name': 'Inversion (geology)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47585055}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197424946', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717', 'display_name': 'Waveform', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45507494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155310634', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1852785', 'display_name': 'Trench', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4316214}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C122959257', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1850768', 'display_name': 'Seismic tomography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41740692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8058405', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255', 'display_name': 'Geophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3897475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77928131', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343', 'display_name': 'Tectonics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.23675433}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08692956}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165801399', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428', 'display_name': 'Voltage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779227376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497', 'display_name': 'Layer (electronics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016924', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210228715', 'display_name': 'Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth', 'issn_l': '2169-9313', 'issn': ['2169-9313', '2169-9356'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.85, 'display_name': 'Life below water', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334764', 'funder_display_name': 'Japan Society for the Promotion of Science', 'award_id': '18K03797'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334764', 'funder_display_name': 'Japan Society for the Promotion of Science', 'award_id': '15H05832'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334764', 'funder_display_name': 'Japan Society for the Promotion of Science', 'award_id': '16K05531'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 57, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1493790006', 'https://openalex.org/W1511946362', 'https://openalex.org/W1512820688', 'https://openalex.org/W1533198540', 'https://openalex.org/W1890112748', 'https://openalex.org/W1932758008', 'https://openalex.org/W1966667510', 'https://openalex.org/W1978632888', 'https://openalex.org/W1982763877', 'https://openalex.org/W1983081488', 'https://openalex.org/W1983132684', 'https://openalex.org/W1990101516', 'https://openalex.org/W1994728093', 'https://openalex.org/W1996371188', 'https://openalex.org/W1998168920', 'https://openalex.org/W2002469616', 'https://openalex.org/W2036632590', 'https://openalex.org/W2044321749', 'https://openalex.org/W2051758022', 'https://openalex.org/W2062221814', 'https://openalex.org/W2068265958', 'https://openalex.org/W2070665913', 'https://openalex.org/W2079260131', 'https://openalex.org/W2083819260', 'https://openalex.org/W2091920592', 'https://openalex.org/W2097657870', 'https://openalex.org/W2099061126', 'https://openalex.org/W2104030699', 'https://openalex.org/W2108819641', 'https://openalex.org/W2113390498', 'https://openalex.org/W2115721636', 'https://openalex.org/W2115893657', 'https://openalex.org/W2116593025', 'https://openalex.org/W2121149201', 'https://openalex.org/W2124116286', 'https://openalex.org/W2132350077', 'https://openalex.org/W2135159355', 'https://openalex.org/W2136329878', 'https://openalex.org/W2141674041', 'https://openalex.org/W2163311663', 'https://openalex.org/W2169007386', 'https://openalex.org/W2171584384', 'https://openalex.org/W2178317302', 'https://openalex.org/W2206529978', 'https://openalex.org/W2558389161', 'https://openalex.org/W2592154433', 'https://openalex.org/W2593335098', 'https://openalex.org/W2621700315', 'https://openalex.org/W2727078519', 'https://openalex.org/W2739669224', 'https://openalex.org/W2761155927', 'https://openalex.org/W2766661285', 'https://openalex.org/W2768689629', 'https://openalex.org/W2800193029', 'https://openalex.org/W2803186021', 'https://openalex.org/W2803916085', 'https://openalex.org/W2888238932'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4360937547', 'https://openalex.org/W4234108635', 'https://openalex.org/W4221041506', 'https://openalex.org/W3169093655', 'https://openalex.org/W2748664829', 'https://openalex.org/W2618616759', 'https://openalex.org/W2100813527', 'https://openalex.org/W2091747361', 'https://openalex.org/W2042813119', 'https://openalex.org/W2037828475'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Travel': [1], 'time': [2], 'tomography': [3], 'studies': [4], 'have': [5], 'reported': [6], 'various': [7], 'modes': [8], 'of': [9, 11, 21, 36, 80, 103, 123, 136, 175, 226, 241, 249], 'subduction': [10, 37, 224], 'slabs': [12], 'around': [13], 'the': [14, 19, 34, 41, 55, 62, 69, 78, 104, 112, 121, 124, 134, 137, 143, 149, 155, 158, 173, 176, 197, 205, 210, 218, 223, 227, 238, 242, 247, 250], 'mantle': [15, 42, 256], 'transition': [16, 43], 'zone,': [17, 44], 'but': [18, 213], 'causes': [20], 'this': [22, 232], 'variability': [23, 233], 'are': [24], 'still': [25], 'controversial.': [26], 'In': [27], 'order': [28], 'to': [29, 49, 54, 130, 237, 246], 'place': [30], 'additional': [31], 'constraints': [32], 'on': [33, 182], 'style': [35, 225], 'in': [38, 68, 196, 222], 'and': [39, 57, 60, 77, 106, 116, 119, 169, 245], 'near': [40], 'we': [45, 170, 191], 'apply': [46], 'waveform': [47], 'inversion': [48, 177], 'S': [50, 65, 139, 144, 166], 'wave': [51, 145], 'triplications': [52, 146], 'due': [53, 236], '410‐': [56], '660‐km': [58], 'discontinuities,': [59], 'infer': [61], 'regional': [63], 'three‐dimensional': [64], 'velocity': [66, 167], 'structure': [67, 159, 195, 240], 'depth': [70, 151], 'range': [71], '370–820': [72], 'km': [73], 'beneath': [74, 97], 'Central': [75, 98], 'America': [76, 99, 220], 'Gulf': [79], 'Mexico.': [81], 'We': [82, 110, 153, 229], 'use': [83, 120], '~3,400': [84], 'transverse': [85], 'component': [86], 'records': [87, 113], 'at': [88, 101], 'epicentral': [89], 'distances': [90], '17–30°': [91], 'from': [92, 126], '20': [93, 115], 'intermediate': [94], 'focus': [95], 'earthquakes': [96], 'recorded': [100], 'stations': [102], 'USArray': [105], 'other': [107], 'smaller': [108], 'networks.': [109], 'filter': [111], 'between': [114], '100': [117], 's,': [118], 'portions': [122], 'waveforms': [125], '10': [127], 's': [128, 132], 'before': [129], '~40–80': [131], 'after': [133], 'arrival': [135], 'direct': [138], 'wave,': [140], 'thereby': [141], 'including': [142], 'while': [147], 'excluding': [148], 'sS': [150], 'phase.': [152], 'correct': [154], 'data': [156], 'for': [157], 'above': [160], 'our': [161], 'target': [162, 198], 'region': [163], 'using': [164], 'previous': [165], 'models,': [168], 'show': [171, 203], 'that': [172, 190, 204, 231], 'results': [174], 'do': [178], 'not': [179], 'depend': [180], 'heavily': [181], 'which': [183], 'correction': [184], 'is': [185], 'used.': [186], 'Resolution': [187], 'tests': [188], 'confirm': [189], 'can': [192], 'resolve': [193], 'small‐scale': [194], 'region.': [199], 'Our': [200], 'inferred': [201], 'models': [202], 'Cocos': [206, 243], 'slab': [207, 251], 'penetrates': [208], 'into': [209], 'lower': [211, 255], 'mantle,': [212], 'with': [214, 252], 'important': [215], 'variations': [216], 'along': [217], 'Middle': [219], 'Trench': [221], 'slab.': [228], 'suggest': [230], 'could': [234], 'be': [235], 'thermal': [239], 'slab,': [244], 'interaction': [248], 'a': [253], 'possible': [254], 'plume.': [257]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2965262021', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-22T12:36:31.764106', 'created_date': '2019-08-13'}