Title: The Impact Of Pms And Pmdd On Physical Performance In Female Track And Field Athletes
Abstract: Previous studies showed that menstrual cycle is associated with physical performance and subjective condition in female athletes. It is also known that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) affect subjective condition in female athletes. However, the relationships among PMS, PMDD and physical performance in female athletes are not clarified yet. PURPOSE To investigate the impact of PMS and PMDD on physical performance in female track and field athletes. METHODS Sixteen female track and field athletes with regular menstrual cycles participated in this study. Participants were measured body composition and physical performance test in follicular phase (no PMS and PMDD phase) and luteal phase (PMS and PMDD phase). As a physical performance test, Counter Movement Jump: CMJ, Rebound Jump: RJ, and Wingate test were performed. PMS and PMDD were evaluated by questionnaire survey of premenstrual syndrome (ACOG practice bulletin, 2000) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (DSM-5, APA, 2013). RESULTS In all subjects, there were no significant differences in body composition and physical performance between follicular phase and luteal phase. However, subjects who had breast tenderness of PMS decreased more greatly than non-symptom subjects in jump height of CMJ (p=0.038) and RJ index (p=0.015). Also, subjects who had anxiety of PMS decreased more greatly than non-symptom subjects in jump height of CMJ (p=0.05). Moreover, subjects who had overeating of PMDD increased more greatly than non-symptom subjects in HR max during Wingate test (p=0.042). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we showed that some symptoms of PMS and PMDD were associated with suppressed physical performance in female track and field athletes. Thus, PMS and PMDD may lead to decrease the physical performance in female track and field athletes.