Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2953427825', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i3.463', 'title': 'Power or Ideology', 'display_name': 'Power or Ideology', 'publication_year': 2005, 'publication_date': '2005-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2953427825', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i3.463', 'mag': '2953427825'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i3.463', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194698', 'display_name': 'American Journal of Islam and Society', 'issn_l': '2690-3733', 'issn': ['2690-3733', '2690-3741'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4360969281', 'host_organization_name': 'International Institute of Islamic Thought', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4360969281'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['International Institute of Islamic Thought'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043596591', 'display_name': 'Ariel Cohen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7060-9362'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ariel Cohen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5043596591'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 61}, 'biblio': {'volume': '22', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '10'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13445', 'display_name': 'American Constitutional Law and Politics', 'score': 0.9307, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13445', 'display_name': 'American Constitutional Law and Politics', 'score': 0.9307, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158071213', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257', 'display_name': 'Ideology', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.74763197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163258240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342', 'display_name': 'Power (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62973857}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37991205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34406024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16149011}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12684241}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09370878}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i3.463', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194698', 'display_name': 'American Journal of Islam and Society', 'issn_l': '2690-3733', 'issn': ['2690-3733', '2690-3741'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4360969281', 'host_organization_name': 'International Institute of Islamic Thought', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4360969281'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['International Institute of Islamic Thought'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/7064b8865cfa45289ab7bd5a5bf1e27a', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions', 'score': 0.78, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W568300272', 'https://openalex.org/W2948332946', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2393918707', 'https://openalex.org/W2389874476', 'https://openalex.org/W2381639109', 'https://openalex.org/W2358556841', 'https://openalex.org/W2357886583', 'https://openalex.org/W2356608624', 'https://openalex.org/W2347506984'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 37, 170, 301, 526, 675], 'DebateQuestion': [1], '1:': [2], 'Various': [3], 'commentators': [4], 'have': [5, 228, 259, 856, 959, 1099], 'frequently': [6, 90], 'invoked': [7], 'the': [8, 14, 24, 45, 48, 56, 67, 80, 87, 106, 132, 164, 183, 190, 236, 239, 242, 277, 321, 334, 339, 343, 357, 362, 374, 387, 423, 454, 463, 550, 563, 588, 592, 618, 637, 645, 691, 694, 703, 709, 715, 723, 734, 747, 777, 791, 823, 833, 848, 851, 864, 875, 887, 906, 927, 936, 940, 970, 991, 997, 1028, 1064, 1089, 1116], 'importance': [9], 'of': [10, 40, 59, 102, 151, 185, 211, 215, 280, 282, 308, 338, 394, 422, 456, 504, 528, 541, 549, 554, 562, 584, 636, 647, 653, 693, 698, 708, 711, 776, 793, 825, 850, 891, 899, 902, 951, 956, 965, 979, 994, 1025, 1053, 1069, 1088, 1092, 1118], 'moderate': [11, 35, 71, 95, 107, 116, 168, 370, 379, 403, 529, 1014], 'Muslims': [12, 62, 72, 108, 117, 348, 380, 452, 530, 1033, 1101], 'and': [13, 55, 118, 123, 154, 195, 197, 265, 295, 306, 313, 328, 333, 360, 364, 412, 425, 472, 496, 511, 514, 522, 556, 597, 622, 626, 641, 784, 814, 845, 869, 908, 1042, 1055, 1105], 'role': [15], 'that': [16, 93, 134, 163, 189, 342, 742, 756, 767, 787, 829, 871, 918, 988, 1008, 1019, 1047, 1060], 'they': [17, 465], 'can': [18], 'play': [19], 'in': [20, 23, 63, 79, 180, 270, 356, 373, 624, 674, 727, 854, 863, 905, 926, 947, 1027, 1066], 'fighting': [21], 'extremism': [22], 'Muslim': [25, 53, 139, 478, 507, 566, 696, 782, 944, 1108], 'world.': [26], 'But': [27], 'it': [28, 206, 542, 754], 'is': [29, 33, 99, 172, 219, 255, 288, 303, 341, 404, 407, 479, 482, 531, 690, 706, 730, 759, 764, 773, 790, 815, 912, 1016, 1061, 1072], 'not': [30, 159, 199, 227, 275, 385, 430, 437, 468, 474, 498, 750, 831, 1063], 'clear': [31], 'who': [32, 105, 113, 248, 349, 383, 406, 417, 428, 481, 518, 613, 632, 660, 720], 'a': [34, 100, 138, 141, 229, 289, 293, 392, 398, 410, 413, 539, 576, 609, 629, 650, 662, 731, 760, 765, 774, 811, 842, 897, 922, 949], 'Muslim.': [36, 431], 'recent': [38], 'cancellation': [39], 'Tariq': [41, 757], 'Ramadan’s': [42], 'visa': [43], 'to': [44, 75, 129, 202, 208, 233, 252, 260, 352, 368, 419, 458, 460, 469, 475, 484, 492, 534, 569, 581, 601, 669, 745, 840, 884, 916, 961, 974, 1110], 'United': [46, 358, 888, 937, 1029], 'States,': [47], 'raids': [49, 941], 'on': [50, 82, 441, 446, 678, 810, 942, 984, 996, 1102], 'several': [51, 740], 'American': [52, 61, 77, 88, 165, 176, 191, 331, 335, 344, 985, 1032, 1097], 'organizations,': [54], 'near': [57], 'marginalization': [58], 'mainstream': [60], 'North': [64], 'America': [65], 'pose': [66], 'following': [68], 'question:': [69], 'If': [70], 'are': [73, 114, 120, 381, 429, 599, 743, 860, 1012, 1034, 1095], 'critical': [74, 1052], 'an': [76, 152, 304, 615, 818], 'victory': [78], 'war': [81], 'terror,': [83], 'then': [84], 'why': [85], 'does': [86, 198, 365, 830], 'government': [89, 166, 345], 'take': [91, 1049], 'steps': [92, 958], 'undermine': [94], 'Muslims?': [96], 'Perhaps': [97], 'there': [98, 763], 'lack': [101], 'clarity': [103], 'about': [104], 'are.': [109], 'In': [110, 881], 'your': [111], 'view,': [112], 'these': [115, 957, 1009], 'what': [119], 'their': [121, 1067], 'beliefs': [122], 'politics?
': [124], 'AC:': [125], 'I': [126, 135, 157, 579, 643], 'would': [127], 'like': [128, 1017], 'say': [130, 746, 1007], 'from': [131, 238, 786, 837, 934], 'outset': [133], 'am': [136], 'neither': [137], 'nor': [140], 'sociologist.': [142], 'Therefore,': [143], 'my': [144], 'remarks': [145], 'should': [146, 274, 314], 'be': [147, 315, 575, 841, 921, 932], 'taken': [148], 'as': [149, 220, 222, 317, 391, 397, 634, 817, 969, 1004, 1083, 1115], 'those': [150, 382, 427, 516], 'interested': [153], 'sympathetic': [155], 'outsider.': [156], 'do': [158, 226, 261, 384, 962], 'believe': [160, 188, 917], 'at': [161, 656], 'all': [162, 536, 806], '“undermines”': [167], 'Muslims.': [169, 1096], 'problem': [171, 732], 'more': [173, 262, 583], 'complicated.': [174], 'Many': [175], 'officials': [177], 'abhor': [178], 'engagement': [179], 'religion': [181, 194, 283, 1026], 'or': [182, 245, 284, 299, 396, 443, 445, 449, 467, 487, 490, 502, 537], 'politics': [184, 264], 'religion.': [186], 'They': [187, 1037], 'Constitution': [192], 'separates': [193], 'state': [196, 853, 1112], 'allow': [200], 'them': [201, 903], 'make': [203], 'distinctions': [204], 'when': [205], 'comes': [207, 785], 'different': [209], 'interpretations': [210, 421], 'Islam.': [212, 224], 'For': [213, 319], 'some': [214, 271, 901, 1077], 'them,': [216], 'Salafiya': [217], 'Islam': [218, 251, 623, 1015], 'good': [221], 'Sufi': [223], 'Others': [225, 982], 'sufficient': [230, 913], 'knowledge': [231], 'base': [232], 'sort': [234], 'out': [235], 'moderates': [237], 'radicals,': [240], 'identify': [241], 'retrograde': [243], 'fundamentalists,': [244], 'recognize': [246], 'modernizers': [247], 'want': [249], 'political': [250, 311], 'dominate.': [253], 'This': [254, 911], 'wrong.': [256], 'Radical': [257], 'ideologies': [258], 'with': [263, 354, 415, 426, 733, 874, 963], 'warfare': [266], 'than': [267], 'religion,': [268], 'and,': [269], 'extreme': [272], 'cases,': [273], 'enjoy': [276, 1038], 'constitutional': [278], 'protections': [279], 'freedom': [281, 1024], 'free': [285], 'speech.': [286], 'There': [287, 729, 859, 1071], 'difference': [290], 'between': [291], 'propagating': [292], 'faith': [294, 309, 395, 493], 'disseminating': [296], 'hatred,': [297], 'violence,': [298], 'murder.': [300], 'latter': [302], 'abuse': [305], 'exploitation': [307], 'for': [310, 409, 434, 620, 639, 771, 802, 914], 'ends,': [312], 'treated': [316], 'such.': [318], 'example,': [320, 435], 'racist': [322], 'Aryan': [323], 'Nation': [324], 'churches': [325], 'were': [326, 989], 'prosecuted': [327], 'bankrupted': [329], 'by': [330, 494, 499, 896], 'NGOs': [332], 'government.': [336], 'One': [337], 'problems': [340], 'allows': [346], 'radical': [347, 877], 'support': [350, 369, 438, 523, 801, 1043], 'terrorism': [351, 1000], 'operate': [353], 'impunity': [355], 'States': [359, 889], 'around': [361], 'world,': [363], 'very': [366], 'little': [367], 'Muslims,': [371], 'especially': [372], 'conflict': [375], 'zones.': [376], 'To': [377, 1006], 'me,': [378], 'view': [386], '“greater': [388], 'jihad”': [389], 'either': [390], 'pillar': [393], 'predominant': [399], 'dimension': [400], 'thereof.': [401], 'A': [402], 'one': [405, 480], 'searching': [408], 'dialogue': [411], 'compromise': [414], 'people': [416], 'adhere': [418], 'other': [420], 'Qur’an,': [424], 'Amoderate': [432, 477, 506], 'Sunni,': [433], 'will': [436], 'terror': [439], 'attacks': [440, 590], 'Shi`ahs': [442], 'Sufis,': [444], 'Christians,': [447], 'Jews,': [448], 'Hindus.': [450], 'Moderate': [451], 'respect': [453], 'right': [455], 'individuals': [457], 'disagree,': [459], 'worship': [461, 470], 'Allah': [462], 'way': [464], 'chose,': [466], '–': [471, 1058, 1076], 'even': [473, 538], 'believe.': [476], 'willing': [483], 'bring': [485], 'his': [486, 585], 'her': [488], 'brother': [489], 'sister': [491], 'love': [495], 'logic,': [497], 'mortal': [500], 'threats': [501], 'force': [503], 'arms.': [505], 'decries': [508], 'suicide': [509], 'bombings': [510], 'terrorist': [512, 966, 992], '“operations,”': [513], 'abhors': [515], 'clerics': [517, 596], 'indoctrinate': [519], 'toward,': [520], 'bless,': [521], 'such': [524, 968, 1003, 1082, 1114], 'atrocities.': [525], 'list': [527], 'too': [532], 'long': [533], 'give': [535], 'part': [540, 950], 'here.': [543], 'Shaykh': [544], 'Muhammad': [545], 'Hisham': [546], 'Kabbani': [547], '(chairman': [548], 'Islamic': [551, 654, 665, 852], 'Supreme': [552], 'Council': [553, 638], 'America)': [555], 'Sheikh': [557, 606], 'Abdul': [558], 'Hadi': [559], 'Palazzi': [560], '(secretarygeneral': [561], 'Rome-based': [564], 'Italian': [565], 'Association)': [567], 'come': [568], 'mind.': [570], 'Ayatollah': [571], 'Ali': [572], 'Sistani': [573], 'may': [574, 920], 'moderate,': [577], 'but': [578], 'need': [580], 'read': [582], 'teachings.': [586], 'As': [587], 'Wahhabi': [589], 'against': [591], 'Shi`ah': [593, 612], 'escalate,': [594], 'Shi`i': [595], 'leaders': [598], 'beginning': [600], 'speak': [602], 'up.': [603], 'Examples': [604], 'include': [605], 'Agha': [607], 'Jafri,': [608], 'Westchester-based': [610], 'Pakistani': [611, 631], 'heads': [614], 'organization': [616], 'called': [617], 'Society': [619], 'Humanity': [621], 'America,': [625, 699], 'Tashbih': [627], 'Sayyed,': [628], 'California-based': [630], 'serves': [633], 'president': [635, 1120], 'Democracy': [640], 'Tolerance.': [642], 'admire': [644], 'bravery': [646], 'Amina': [648], 'Wadud,': [649], 'female': [651], 'professor': [652], 'studies': [655], 'Virginia': [657], 'Commonwealth': [658], 'University': [659], 'led': [661], 'mixed-gender': [663], 'Friday': [664], 'prayer': [666], 'service,': [667], 'according': [668], 'Mona': [670], 'Eltahawy’s': [671], 'op-ed': [672], 'piece': [673], 'Washington': [676], 'Post': [677], 'Friday,': [679], 'March': [680], '18,': [681], '2005': [682], '(“A': [683], 'Prayer': [684], 'Toward': [685], 'Equality”).': [686], 'Another': [687], 'brave': [688], 'woman': [689], 'co-founder': [692], 'Progressive': [695], 'Union': [697], 'Sarah': [700], 'Eltantawi.': [701], 'And': [702], 'whole': [704], 'world': [705], 'proud': [707], 'achievements': [710], 'Judge': [712], 'Shirin': [713], 'Ebadi,': [714], 'Iranian': [716], 'human': [717], 'rights': [718], 'lawyer': [719], 'was': [721, 894], 'awarded': [722], 'Nobel': [724], 'peace': [725], 'prize': [726], '2003.': [728], 'first': [735], 'question,': [736], 'however.': [737], 'It': [738], 'contains': [739], 'assumptions': [741], 'debatable,': [744], 'least,': [748], 'if': [749], 'outright': [751], 'false.': [752], 'First,': [753], 'assumes': [755], 'Ramadan': [758, 872, 919], '“moderate.”': [761], 'Nevertheless,': [762], 'near-consensus': [766], 'Ramadan,': [768, 886], 'while': [769], 'calling': [770], 'ijtihad,': [772], 'supporter': [775], 'Egyptian': [778], 'Ikhwan': [779], 'al-Muslimin': [780], '[the': [781], 'Brotherhood]': [783], 'tradition': [788], '[he': [789], 'grandson': [792], 'its': [794, 882], 'founder,': [795], 'Hasan': [796, 846], 'al-Banna].': [797], 'He': [798, 820, 844], 'also': [799, 821], 'expressed': [800], 'Yusuf': [803], 'al-Qaradawi': [804], '(and': [805], 'he': [807], 'stands': [808], 'for)': [809], 'BBC': [812], 'TVprogram,': [813], 'viewed': [816], 'anti-Semite.': [819], 'rationalizes': [822], 'murder': [824], 'children,': [826], 'though': [827], 'apparently': [828], 'preclude': [832], 'European': [834], 'Social': [835], 'Forum': [836], 'inviting': [838], 'him': [839], 'member.': [843], 'al-Turabi,': [847], 'founder': [849], 'Sudan,': [855], 'exchanged': [857], 'compliments.': [858], 'numerous': [861, 1044], 'reports': [862], 'media,': [865], 'quoting': [866], 'intelligence': [867], 'sources': [868], 'ex-terrorists,': [870], 'associates': [873], 'most': [876], 'circles,': [878], 'including': [879], 'terrorists.': [880], 'decision': [883], 'ban': [885], 'Department': [890], 'Homeland': [892], 'Security': [893], 'guided': [895], 'number': [898], 'issues,': [900], 'reported': [904], 'media': [907], 'others': [909], 'classified.': [910], 'me': [915], 'security': [923], 'risk': [924], 'who,': [925], 'post-9/11': [928], 'environment,': [929], 'could': [930], 'reasonably': [931], 'banned': [933], 'entering': [935], 'States.1': [938], 'Second,': [939], '“American': [943], 'organizations”': [945], 'are,': [946], 'fact,': [948], 'law': [952], 'enforcement': [953], 'operations.': [954], 'Some': [955], 'had': [960], 'investigations': [964, 1011], 'activities,': [967], 'alleged': [971], 'Libyan': [972], 'conspiracy': [973], 'assassinate': [975], 'Crown': [976], 'Prince': [977], 'Abdullah': [978], 'Saudi': [980], 'Arabia.': [981], 'focused': [983], 'Islamist': [986], 'organizations': [987, 1046], 'funding': [990], 'activities': [993], 'groups': [995], 'State': [998], 'Department’s': [999], 'watch': [1001], 'list,': [1002], 'Hamas.': [1005], 'criminal': [1010], 'targeting': [1013], 'saying': [1018], 'investigating': [1020], 'pedophile': [1021], 'priests': [1022], 'undermines': [1023], 'States.': [1030], 'Finally,': [1031], 'hardly': [1035], 'marginalized.': [1036], 'unencumbered': [1039], 'religious': [1040, 1103], 'life': [1041], 'non-governmental': [1045], 'often': [1048, 1062, 1106], 'positions': [1050], 'highly': [1051], 'domestic': [1054], 'foreign': [1056], 'policy': [1057], 'something': [1059], 'case': [1065], 'countries': [1068], 'origin.': [1070], 'no': [1073], 'job': [1074], 'discrimination': [1075], 'senior': [1078], 'Bush': [1079], 'Administration': [1080], 'officials,': [1081], 'Elias': [1084], 'A.': [1085], 'Zerhouni,': [1086], 'head': [1087], 'National': [1090], 'Institutes': [1091], 'Health': [1093], '(NIH),': [1094], 'presidents': [1098], 'congratulated': [1100], 'holidays': [1104], 'invite': [1107], 'clergymen': [1109], 'important': [1111], 'functions,': [1113], 'funeral': [1117], 'former': [1119], 'Ronald': [1121], 'Reagan.': [1122]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2953427825', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T05:43:19.238174', 'created_date': '2019-07-12'}