Abstract: The main current benefit of collaboration between Quaternary scientists and palaeoanthropologists (especially palaeolithic archaeologists) lies in providing a unique perspective on how human populations respond to longterm climate change.Eurasia has a superlative record of climatic changes over the last two million years, and an archaeological record that is regionally variable in quality, but which is drawn from a wide range of environmental and chronological contexts.At a continental scale, the integration of these records allows the past 2 Ma to be divided into six major themes of how hominins (our remote ancestors) and our own species responded to climatic changes at Milankovitch and sub-Milankovitch scales.These themes are the initial hominin colonisation of Asia after ~2 Ma; the dispersal of hominins into Europe in the Early Pleistocene and its eventual permanent colonisation in the Middle Pleistocene; the expansion of Acheulean, bifacial assemblages from the Levant to western Europe and India after 600 ka; the responses of hominin populations to Milankovitch-length climatic changes during the Middle Pleistocene; the expansion of modern humans after 100 ka across Eurasia and later into Australasia and the Americas; and the recolonisation at millennial scales of abandoned areas of Eurasia at the end of last ice age.As the quality of Quaternary and archaeological information improves, these responses of past human populations to climatic change will be documented at a level of detail unimaginable a few decades ago.Cumulatively, this type of collaboration provides a unique perspective on the consequences of large-scale climatic change upon human populations that is particularly relevant to current concerns of climate change