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'bidding': [335, 357, 375, 510, 1184, 2031, 2254, 2339], 'phase': [336, 349, 358, 1519, 1873], 'design': [338], 'build': [340], 'projects.': [341, 907], 'In': [342, 956, 1146, 1374, 1541, 1864, 2020, 2256], 'building': [343, 825, 1897, 1914, 1926, 1994, 2261, 2277], 'projects,': [345], 'or': [348, 359, 372, 403, 412, 419, 429, 1128, 2821, 2890], 'contractor': [354, 2471], 'after': [360, 2354], 'contract': [362, 399, 706, 837, 1082, 1120, 1125, 1130, 1193, 1363, 1759, 1940, 1962, 1975, 2057, 2160, 2205, 2227, 2252, 2304, 2389], 'award': [363, 1194], 'owner’s': [369, 1136, 1372, 2288, 2335], 'consultants': [373, 2336, 2427], 'and/or': [377], 'approval.': [379, 1373], 'After': [380, 2391], 'approval,': [381], 'becomes': [384, 393, 855, 1142], 'baseline': [386, 408, 802, 857, 890, 900, 984, 1094, 1144, 1158, 1285, 1340, 1353, 1712, 1821, 1837, 1881, 1906, 2076, 2173, 2346, 2361], 'control,': [389], 'therefore,': [391], 'one': [394, 1615, 2152, 2204, 2216], 'most': [397, 786], 'important': [398, 594], 'documents.': [400, 2255], 'supervisors': [402], 'frequently': [406], 'use': [407], 'justify': [411], 'deny': [413], 'request': [415], 'time': [417, 1049, 1791], 'extensions,': [418], 'evaluate': [421, 504, 814, 1189, 1848], 'process': [422, 460, 586, 845, 877, 1056, 1337, 1448, 1459, 1463, 1500, 1656, 1666, 1804, 1818, 2353, 2380], 'efficiency': [423], 'possibility': [426], 'timely': [428], 'late': [430, 1171, 1214, 1769], 'completion.': [431, 1205], 'Therefore,': [432, 579, 1287, 1493, 2300, 2410], 'detection': [435], 'play': [437], 'major': [439, 899, 904, 1150], 'role': [440], 'step.': [444, 2433], 'understood': [448], 'level': [451, 1854], 'accomplishment': [453, 1856, 2403], 'scheduling': [459, 532, 585, 589, 693, 716, 742, 760, 764, 870, 901, 1012, 1028, 1438, 1499, 2478], 'set': [463, 966, 1525, 1564, 1592], 'performance': [465, 728], 'requirements.': [466, 1460, 1863], 'Based': [467], 'approach,': [472], 'proposed.': [480], 'aim': [482, 799, 2448], 'work': [486, 516, 700, 1019, 1249, 1292, 1331, 1779, 1812, 2436], 'behind': [487, 1377], 'understand': [492], 'if': [493, 1180], 'proposed': [498, 1112, 1236, 1387, 1418, 1709, 1850, 1905, 2415, 2452], 'used': [502, 1531, 1846, 1879, 1900, 2383], 'contractor’s': [506, 816, 831, 1140, 1408, 1829], 'phase.': [511, 1185, 2340], '2.': [512, 2071], 'quality:': [514], 'previous': [515], 'Few': [517], 'researchers': [518], 'addressed': [519, 1015], 'theme': [521], 'assessment,': [525], 'despite': [526], 'importance': [528, 887], 'given': [529], 'control': [535, 1458, 1491], 'theory.': [536], 'fact': [540], 'provides': [541, 1733, 1747], 'service': [543], 'that': [547, 642, 689, 834, 963, 979, 1057, 1267, 1427, 1629, 2150, 2220], 'no': [548, 1170, 1620, 1768, 1823, 2108, 2129, 2130, 2138], 'other': [549, 1102, 1129, 2245, 2269], 'methods': [552], 'provide.': [554], 'A': [555, 1089, 1886, 2359, 2958, 2967, 2997, 3022, 3108, 3345], 'sound': [556], 'helpful': [561], 'managing': [563], 'purpose': [568], 'improving': [570], 'productivity': [571], 'through': [574], 'better': [575], 'planning': [576, 1483], 'control.': [578], 'quality,': [581, 784, 1394], 'meaning': [582, 1051, 1344], 'output,': [590], 'very': [593], 'selection': [597, 2247], 'an': [599, 1198, 1268, 1536, 1895, 1982, 2350], 'appropriate': [600], 'organization': [602], 'form': [603], 'strategy': [608], '(Russell,': [609], 'Tran,': [610], 'Staub-French,': [611], '2014).': [612, 773], 'While': [613], 'satisfying': [614, 627], 'requirements': [617, 838, 902, 969, 1083, 1151, 1364, 1430, 1528, 1567, 1595, 1636, 1760, 2369], 'does': [618], 'not': [619, 626, 634, 798], 'necessarily': [620], 'mean': [621], 'feasible,': [625], 'them': [628], 'almost': [629], 'certainly': [630], '(Edwards,': [635], '2016).': [636, 1416], 'Kenley': [637, 1031, 2607], 'Seppänen': [639, 1033, 2609, 2612], '(2010)': [640, 2614], 'indicate': [641, 897, 978], 'feasibility': [643, 670], 'predictability': [645], 'give': [650], 'further': [651], 'understanding': [652], 'schedule,': [660, 850, 1305, 1523, 1740, 2271], 'list': [663, 962], 'needed': [666, 1231, 1588, 1862, 2159, 2240, 2282], 'items': [667], 'check': [671, 961, 2097, 2378], 'provided.': [676], 'American': [678, 2455], 'Road': [679, 2456, 2463, 2842], 'Transportation': [681, 2458, 2465], 'Builders': [682, 2459, 2466], 'Association': [683, 2460, 2467], '–': [684, 687, 2735], 'ARTBA': [685], '(2012)': [686], 'indicates': [688, 833], 'good': [691, 971], 'achieved': [696], 'via': [697], 'few': [698], 'elements:': [699], 'structuring;': [701], 'Work': [702, 1297, 3116], 'Breakdown': [703, 1298], 'Structure': [704, 1299, 3016], '(WBS);': [705], 'vs': [707], 'scheduled': [708], 'total': [709, 1167, 1749, 1765, 1776, 1923, 2374], 'duration;': [711], 'maintenance;': [713], 'knowledge.': [717], 'Huu': [718, 2575], 'et': [719], 'al.': [720], '(2018)': [721], 'search': [722], 'correlation': [725], 'between': [726], 'models,': [731], 'focus': [733, 1078], 'network': [735], 'model': [736], 'complexity': [737], 'its': [739, 1024], 'measurement.': [740], 'community': [743], 'expressed': [745], 'many': [746], 'times': [747], 'need': [749, 1061, 1365], 'recommended': [753], 'practices': [754], 'assurance': [757], 'processes': [761], 'deliverables': [765], 'sector': [769], '(Moosavi': [770], 'Mosehli,': [772], 'Some': [774, 1186], 'industrial': [775], 'standards': [776, 789], 'exists': [777], 'cover': [779], 'procedures': [780], 'achieve': [782], 'but': [785, 2203], 'those': [788, 1507], 'are': [790, 839, 1152, 1349, 1442, 1587, 1622, 1761, 1799, 1825, 1877, 2067, 2382], 'outside': [791], 'context': [794], 'they': [796], 'do': [797], 'approval': [803, 828, 892, 950, 1108, 1116, 1354, 1412, 1707, 1717, 2328], 'procedure': [804, 1355, 1384, 1419, 1746, 2313], '(PMI,': [805], '2007;': [806], 'US-DCMA,': [807], '2012).': [808, 934], 'Generally,': [809, 1234], 'owner': [811, 2426], 'before': [818, 1973, 2428], 'commencement': [820], 'site.': [826, 1263], 'requested': [836, 1181, 1308, 2226], 'fulfilled': [840, 1155, 1369, 1613], 'promised': [843], 'described': [847, 1294, 1781, 2250], 'approved': [853, 1133], 'project.': [861], 'De': [862, 2504], 'La': [863, 2505, 2509], 'Garza': [864, 2506, 2510], '(1990)': [865], 'defines': [866, 915], 'subset': [868], 'principles': [871], 'enable': [873], 'subsequent': [879], 'automation.': [880], 'Zafar': [881], 'Rasmussen': [883], '(2001)': [884], 'highlight': [885, 1047], 'projects': [895], 'public': [905, 2042], 'US': [909], 'Defense': [910, 2758, 2764, 2783], 'Contract': [911, 2082, 2086, 2759, 2765], 'Management': [912, 2498, 2616, 2678, 2681, 2690, 2717, 2760, 2766, 2772, 2868, 2902, 2990, 3089, 3321], 'Agency': [913, 2761, 2767], '(DCMA)': [914], 'well-known': [917, 1017], '14': [918], 'points': [919, 1621], 'metrics': [920, 994], 'aimed': [921], 'identifying': [923], 'potential': [924], 'problem': [925], 'areas': [926], "contractor's": [929], 'Integrated': [930], 'Master': [931], '(DCMA,': [933], 'Moosavi': [935, 2648], 'Moselhi': [937, 2650, 2655], '(2014)': [938], 'define': [939], 'structured': [941], 'methodology': [942], 'assist': [944], 'owners': [945], 'detailed': [952, 1479, 1547, 1609, 2394], 'contractors.': [955], 'essence,': [957], 'covers': [964], '48': [968], 'Han,': [973], 'Choi': [974], 'O’Connor': [976, 2549, 2552], '(2016)': [977], '49': [990], 'industry-recognised': [991], 'divided': [995], 'into': [996], 'nine': [997], 'groups:': [998], 'general,': [999], 'milestone,': [1000], 'duration,': [1001, 1169, 2376], 'calendar,': [1002], 'logic,': [1003, 2381], 'constraint,': [1004], 'float,': [1005], 'lag': [1006], 'lead.': [1008], 'Lean': [1010, 1035, 2749], 'comprehensive': [1018], 'Koskela': [1021, 2628], '(1992)': [1022, 2631], 'application': [1025, 2302, 2412], 'field': [1029], '(2010).': [1034], 'highlights': [1037], 'flow-line': [1038], 'suitability': [1039], 'modelling,': [1043], 'recent': [1045], 'studies': [1046], 'takt': [1048], 'planning,': [1050], 'pace': [1053], 'best': [1058, 2186], 'suits': [1059], 'client': [1060], 'another': [1063], 'feature': [1064], '(Tommelein,': [1068], '2017).': [1069], 'All': [1070, 3117], 'these': [1071, 1099, 1360, 1835], 'aforementioned': [1072], 'approaches': [1073], 'mainly': [1077], 'mechanics,': [1081], 'work-flow': [1085], 'modelling': [1086], 'flow-lines.': [1088], 'more': [1090, 1933], 'complete': [1091, 1255, 1289, 2360], 'needs': [1096], 'consider': [1098], 'following': [1103], 'features.': [1104], '3.': [1105], 'documents': [1121, 2032], 'specifications.': [1131, 2390], 'When': [1132], 'team,': [1138], 'schedule.': [1145, 1286, 1341], 'context,': [1148], 'three': [1149, 1361, 1471, 1836, 2158, 2225], 'contractor.': [1162, 1991], 'first': [1164], 'completion': [1172, 1176, 1191, 1215, 1770, 1953, 1984], 'allowed.': [1174, 1350, 1826], 'Early': [1175, 1952], 'design-build': [1187], 'bids': [1188], 'early': [1190, 1204, 1983], 'assign': [1197], 'extra': [1199], '(success)': [1200], 'fee': [1201], 'reward': [1203], 'As': [1206, 1351], 'found': [1210], 'all': [1212, 1358, 1585, 1834, 2156, 2348], 'contracts,': [1213, 1243], 'during': [1216, 2430], 'execution': [1218], 'discouraged': [1220], 'penalty': [1222], '(late)': [1223], 'fees.': [1224], 'second': [1226], 'requirement': [1227, 1265, 1313, 1614], 'about': [1229, 1978], 'rate.': [1233, 1310], 'should': [1238, 1501], 'indicate,': [1239], 'lump': [1241], 'sum': [1242, 1924], 'established': [1245], 'money': [1246], 'value': [1247, 2187, 2213], 'performed': [1252, 1515, 1579, 1603, 1787], 'each': [1254, 1612, 2024], 'year': [1256], 'from': [1257, 1946, 2559, 2993, 3042, 3048, 3151, 3167, 3193, 3273], 'initiating': [1259], 'implies': [1266], 'average': [1269], 'rate': [1271, 3166], 'site': [1273, 2278], 'must': [1274, 1300, 1332], 'delivered': [1276], 'process,': [1280], 'shown': [1282], 'scope': [1290, 1777], 'included': [1302, 1560], 'forecasting': [1306], 'third': [1312], 'concerns': [1314], 'workflow': [1315], 'health': [1317, 1425, 1644, 1650, 1750, 2408], 'safety': [1319], 'An': [1324, 2914, 2930, 3093, 3133], 'effective,': [1325], 'feasible': [1326, 1807], 'safe': [1328, 1809], 'flow': [1329, 1810], 'indicated': [1334, 1815], 'logic': [1338, 1819, 2099], 'No': [1342], 'interferences,': [1343], 'time-space': [1345], 'conflicts': [1346], 'crews': [1348], 'contract-based,': [1357], 'main': [1362, 2387], 'completely': [1368], 'obtain': [1371], 'paper,': [1379], 'suggested': [1398], 'adopt': [1400], 'review': [1410], '(Bragadin': [1413], 'upon': [1422, 1801, 2367], 'five': [1423, 1935], 'indicators': [1426, 1441, 1586, 1645], 'group': [1428], '75': [1429, 1594], 'related': [1431, 1563, 1591], 'following:': [1444], 'general': [1445], 'requirements;': [1446, 1449, 1452, 1456], 'mechanics': [1451, 1659], 'cost': [1453, 1554, 1796, 1927], 'resources': [1455, 1556, 1798], 'consists': [1468], 'usually': [1469], 'phases:': [1472], 'preparation': [1473, 1518], 'i)': [1475], 'ii)': [1478], '(in': [1481, 1489], 'phase),': [1484], 'iii)': [1486], 'updating': [1488, 1583], 'phase).': [1492], 'checking': [1495, 1606], 'implemented': [1503], 'relation': [1505], 'phases.': [1508], 'If': [1509, 1573], '55': [1527], 'will': [1529, 1558, 1568, 1596, 2437], 'weighted': [1533, 2243, 2291], 'produce': [1535], 'level.': [1540], 'bid': [1551, 2432], 'phase,': [1552, 1584], 'indicator': [1557, 1625, 1751], '64': [1566], 'applied': [1570], '(Figure': [1571], '1).': [1572, 1638], 'applied.': [1598], 'easily': [1604], 'specified': [1608], 'requirements:': [1610], 'point': [1616], 'earned;': [1618], 'otherwise': [1619], 'given.': [1623], 'Each': [1624, 2044, 2280], 'weight': [1628], 'depends': [1630], 'number': [1633], 'composing': [1635], '(Table': [1637], 'Table': [1639, 1870, 2070, 2072, 2179], '1:': [1640], 'Relative': [1641], 'weights': [1642], 'indicators:': [1651], '1)': [1652, 2100], 'General': [1653], '2)': [1654, 2101, 2180], '3)': [1657, 2102], '4)': [1660, 2103], 'Cost': [1661, 2796], 'resource': [1663], '5)': [1664], 'Control': [1665], 'Total': [1667, 2093], 'Weight': [1668], 'PREPARATION': [1671], 'PHASE': [1672, 1681, 1690], 'MASTER': [1673], 'SCHEDULE': [1674, 1682, 1691, 2080], '31%': [1675], '20%': [1676], '49%': [1677], '/': [1678, 1679, 1687], '100%': [1680, 1688, 1698], '27%': [1683], '17%': [1684], '42%': [1685], '14%': [1686, 1696], 'UPDATE': [1689], 'UPDATING': [1692], '23%': [1693], '15%': [1694], '36%': [1695], '12%': [1697], 'Opens': [1699], 'new': [1702, 1917], 'window.Figure': [1703], 'relies': [1718], 'contract-based': [1722, 1731], 'pass/fail': [1735], '(Yes/No)': [1736], 'while': [1741, 2209], 'ranking.': [1757], 'Main': [1758], 'summarised': [1762], 'follows:': [1764], 'duration:': [1767], 'allowed;': [1772], 'WBS': [1773, 1784, 2096, 2377], 'check:': [1774], 'forecasted': [1790], 'limits': [1792, 2063], 'schedule;': [1795, 1822], 'loaded': [1800], 'request;': [1802], 'logic:': [1805], 'interferences': [1824], 'Firstly,': [1827], 'fulfil': [1833], 'pre-requirements.': [1838, 2058], 'Next,': [1839], 'detecting': [1852], 'reference': [1865], 'Figure': [1867], '1': [1868, 3276], '1,': [1871], 'Indicators': [1876], 'then': [1878], 'evaluation.': [1882, 1908, 2370], '4.': [1883], 'Case': [1884, 2074, 2884, 2965, 3202], 'simulation': [1892, 2000, 2022], 'game': [1893, 2001], 'concerning': [1894, 2373], 'actual': [1896, 1968, 2233], 'was': [1899, 1912, 1932, 1942, 1954, 1964, 1996, 2027], 'school': [1918, 1993, 2260], 'urban': [1920], 'area.': [1921], 'owning': [1930, 1958], 'agency': [1931], 'than': [1934, 2270], 'million': [1936], 'euro': [1937], 'duration': [1941, 2095], '660': [1943, 2084], 'consecutive': [1944], 'days': [1945, 1980, 2085], 'start': [1948], 'on-site': [1950], 'activities.': [1951], 'desirable': [1955], 'agency,': [1959], 'type': [1963], 'public–private': [1965], 'partnership.': [1966], 'deadline': [1976], '500': [1979], 'bonus': [1985], 'paid': [1988], 'chosen': [1997], 'learning': [2004], 'programme': [2005], 'different': [2017, 2170, 2345], 'game,': [2023], 'manager': [2026], 'prepare': [2029], 'his/her': [2034], 'company': [2036], 'submitted': [2039], 'bid.': [2043], 'Owing': [2059], 'length': [2062], 'only': [2064, 2151], 'results': [2066, 2148], 'presented': [2068], '2:': [2073], 'BASELINE': [2079], 'EVALUATION': [2081], 'Time': [2083, 2731], 'pre-requirements:': [2087], 'Indicators:': [2090], 'ID': [2092], 'Process': [2098], 'SH': [2104, 2212], 'index': [2105, 2177, 2190], '#1': [2107, 2195], 'yes': [2109, 2110, 2118, 2119, 2120, 2128, 2139, 2140], '59%': [2111, 2121], '91%': [2112, 2122], '81%': [2113, 2123], '11%': [2114, 2134, 2144], '67%': [2115, 2133], '#2': [2117, 2183], '44%': [2124], '72%': [2125], '#3': [2127, 2219], '41%': [2131], '45%': [2132], '48%': [2135], '#4': [2137, 2197], '53%': [2141], '64%': [2142], '74%': [2143], '58%': [2145], 'gained': [2147], 'propose': [2149], 'passing': [2155], 'specifications:': [2161], '#2.': [2163], 'produces': [2168, 2184], 'levels': [2171], '(SH': [2176, 2191], '=': [2192], '72%).': [2193], 'Schedules': [2194, 2661], 'have': [2198, 2315], 'middle': [2199], 'values': [2200], 'SH,': [2202], 'specification': [2206], 'missing,': [2208], 'worst': [2211], 'misses': [2221], 'two': [2222], 'specifications': [2228], 'indeed.': [2229], 'Anyway,': [2230], 'empirical': [2234], 'case,': [2235], 'ranking': [2237, 2295], 'specific': [2246], 'criteria,': [2248], 'fact,': [2257], 'project,': [2262], 'several': [2263], 'aspects': [2264], 'had': [2265], 'instance,': [2273], 'offered': [2274], 'costs': [2275], 'design.': [2279], 'aspect': [2281], 'committee': [2289], 'final': [2294], 'alternative': [2297], 'companies.': [2299], 'pre-requirements': [2305], 'could': [2314], 'selecting': [2319], 'participants.': [2321], '5.': [2322], 'Conclusions': [2323], 'Different': [2341, 3330], 'proposals': [2342], 'entail': [2344], 'schedules,': [2347], 'promising': [2349], 'notice': [2356], 'proceed.': [2358], 'multiple': [2368], 'Three': [2371], 'pre-requirements,': [2372], 'summarise': [2385], 'this,': [2392], 'performed,': [2400], 'evaluating': [2401], 'selected': [2406], 'indicators.': [2409], 'Future': [2434, 3030], 'continue': [2438], 'investigate': [2440], 'procedure,': [2445], 'References': [2454], '(ARTBA),': [2461, 2468], '2012American': [2462], '(2012).': [2469], 'Representative': [2470], 'feedback': [2472], 'administration': [2475], 'issues': [2479], '08/2012.': [2480], 'www.artba.org': [2481], '(accessed': [2482], '10/2017)': [2483], '2016Bragadin,': [2486], 'M.,': [2487], '(2016).': [2490, 2534, 2553], 'Projects,': [2496], 'Economics,': [2500], '34(12),': [2501], '875–897.': [2503], ',': [2507, 2576, 2579, 2608, 2649, 2651, 2695, 2697, 2699, 2724], '1990De': [2508], 'J.M.,': [2511], '(1990),': [2512], 'Knowledge-Elicitation': [2513], 'Study': [2514, 3203], 'Scheduling': [2517, 2620], 'Domain,': [2518], 'Journal': [2519, 2565, 2665], 'Computing': [2521], 'Civil': [2523], 'Engineering,': [2524], 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