Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2948284713', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.591', 'title': 'Rainfall trends in the African Sahel: Characteristics, processes, and causes', 'display_name': 'Rainfall trends in the African Sahel: Characteristics, processes, and causes', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-06-04', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2948284713', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.591', 'mag': '2948284713', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31341517', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6617823'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.591', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wcc.591', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S205538080', 'display_name': 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change', 'issn_l': '1757-7780', 'issn': ['1757-7780', '1757-7799'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wcc.591', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045357387', 'display_name': 'Michela Biasutti', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6681-1533'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'display_name': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2tgs60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Michela Biasutti', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5045357387'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4940, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4940, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 4940, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4940, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 3.47, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 192, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99422, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '10', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate variability and models', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate variability and models', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11186', 'display_name': 'Hydrology and Drought Analysis', 'score': 0.9965, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11483', 'display_name': 'Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research', 'score': 0.9852, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/forcing', 'display_name': 'Forcing (mathematics)', 'score': 0.65617085}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hadley-cell', 'display_name': 'Hadley cell', 'score': 0.6272736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/wet-season', 'display_name': 'Wet season', 'score': 0.5102625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-circulation', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Circulation', 'score': 0.45183668}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.73295504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197115733', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136', 'display_name': 'Forcing (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.65617085}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18629457', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338589', 'display_name': 'Hadley cell', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6272736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5813295}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168754636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920', 'display_name': 'Climate model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.56202555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136996986', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42967', 'display_name': 'Monsoon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51545864}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132651083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942', 'display_name': 'Climate change', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51505756}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52322663', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3117517', 'display_name': 'Wet season', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5102625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150284090', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2615451', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric circulation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45183668}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C65440619', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974', 'display_name': 'Atmosphere (unit)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42025918}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47737302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336', 'display_name': 'Greenhouse gas', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41002154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.33266026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141452985', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650994', 'display_name': 'General Circulation Model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.31074405}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2007553}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16592002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1319893}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58640448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515', 'display_name': 'Cartography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 7, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.591', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wcc.591', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S205538080', 'display_name': 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change', 'issn_l': '1757-7780', 'issn': ['1757-7780', '1757-7799'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1612182', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402487', 'display_name': 'OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I139351228', 'host_organization_name': 'Office of Scientific and Technical Information', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139351228'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Office of Scientific and Technical Information'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1670846', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402487', 'display_name': 'OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I139351228', 'host_organization_name': 'Office of Scientific and Technical Information', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139351228'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Office of Scientific and Technical Information'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1670848', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402487', 'display_name': 'OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I139351228', 'host_organization_name': 'Office of Scientific and Technical Information', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139351228'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Office of Scientific and Technical Information'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6617823', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6617823?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6617823', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31341517', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.591', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wcc.591', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S205538080', 'display_name': 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change', 'issn_l': '1757-7780', 'issn': ['1757-7780', '1757-7799'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.58, 'display_name': 'Life below water', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320306084', 'funder_display_name': 'U.S. Department of Energy', 'award_id': 'DE‐SC0014423'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320306101', 'funder_display_name': 'National Aeronautics and Space Administration', 'award_id': 'NNX16AN29G'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320337402', 'funder_display_name': 'Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences', 'award_id': '1565522'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320337402', 'funder_display_name': 'Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences', 'award_id': '1612904'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 166, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1481289528', 'https://openalex.org/W1532182048', 'https://openalex.org/W1552753261', 'https://openalex.org/W1577228485', 'https://openalex.org/W1616921481', 'https://openalex.org/W1669195377', 'https://openalex.org/W1756290713', 'https://openalex.org/W1791484930', 'https://openalex.org/W1943776401', 'https://openalex.org/W1966982810', 'https://openalex.org/W1971749044', 'https://openalex.org/W1972204950', 'https://openalex.org/W1973795673', 'https://openalex.org/W1975543035', 'https://openalex.org/W1975999098', 'https://openalex.org/W1976996532', 'https://openalex.org/W1978164303', 'https://openalex.org/W1978456656', 'https://openalex.org/W1978484859', 'https://openalex.org/W1979123677', 'https://openalex.org/W1981147504', 'https://openalex.org/W1985093567', 'https://openalex.org/W1985901712', 'https://openalex.org/W1995068043', 'https://openalex.org/W1996478169', 'https://openalex.org/W1997393715', 'https://openalex.org/W1998096053', 'https://openalex.org/W2001061636', 'https://openalex.org/W2005076253', 'https://openalex.org/W2007880286', 'https://openalex.org/W2013537840', 'https://openalex.org/W2018451268', 'https://openalex.org/W2019097137', 'https://openalex.org/W2023282074', 'https://openalex.org/W2024760715', 'https://openalex.org/W2024966118', 'https://openalex.org/W2027059808', 'https://openalex.org/W2027158583', 'https://openalex.org/W2028658915', 'https://openalex.org/W2028866116', 'https://openalex.org/W2028979033', 'https://openalex.org/W2031033931', 'https://openalex.org/W2032132304', 'https://openalex.org/W2033601090', 'https://openalex.org/W2033841457', 'https://openalex.org/W2036029778', 'https://openalex.org/W2040287564', 'https://openalex.org/W2043436896', 'https://openalex.org/W2044373456', 'https://openalex.org/W2045095553', 'https://openalex.org/W2045368311', 'https://openalex.org/W2045640938', 'https://openalex.org/W2049610925', 'https://openalex.org/W2050766636', 'https://openalex.org/W2051099250', 'https://openalex.org/W2056245521', 'https://openalex.org/W2056441065', 'https://openalex.org/W2056944012', 'https://openalex.org/W2059145879', 'https://openalex.org/W2061634900', 'https://openalex.org/W2063834016', 'https://openalex.org/W2068590144', 'https://openalex.org/W2070472423', 'https://openalex.org/W2072523191', 'https://openalex.org/W2079710787', 'https://openalex.org/W2082421478', 'https://openalex.org/W2082701744', 'https://openalex.org/W2083699099', 'https://openalex.org/W2090249381', 'https://openalex.org/W2093426435', 'https://openalex.org/W2094971595', 'https://openalex.org/W2103326531', 'https://openalex.org/W2104320510', 'https://openalex.org/W2105276774', 'https://openalex.org/W2111694406', 'https://openalex.org/W2114697822', 'https://openalex.org/W2115637788', 'https://openalex.org/W2119951395', 'https://openalex.org/W2120618726', 'https://openalex.org/W2120719801', 'https://openalex.org/W2121063217', 'https://openalex.org/W2122511023', 'https://openalex.org/W2122837396', 'https://openalex.org/W2123732233', 'https://openalex.org/W2126507611', 'https://openalex.org/W2128052457', 'https://openalex.org/W2129462517', 'https://openalex.org/W2134596955', 'https://openalex.org/W2134825572', 'https://openalex.org/W2135246261', 'https://openalex.org/W2136253503', 'https://openalex.org/W2140871925', 'https://openalex.org/W2141637972', 'https://openalex.org/W2143914070', 'https://openalex.org/W2144927855', 'https://openalex.org/W2145573382', 'https://openalex.org/W2147808072', 'https://openalex.org/W2151415557', 'https://openalex.org/W2154648555', 'https://openalex.org/W2155252504', 'https://openalex.org/W2156559987', 'https://openalex.org/W2159382741', 'https://openalex.org/W2160677782', 'https://openalex.org/W2164603125', 'https://openalex.org/W2166157074', 'https://openalex.org/W2167626304', 'https://openalex.org/W2170402872', 'https://openalex.org/W2171571064', 'https://openalex.org/W2173786974', 'https://openalex.org/W2174127256', 'https://openalex.org/W2178254729', 'https://openalex.org/W2179225459', 'https://openalex.org/W2179279138', 'https://openalex.org/W2207595338', 'https://openalex.org/W2227024234', 'https://openalex.org/W2242446634', 'https://openalex.org/W2260830723', 'https://openalex.org/W2265207115', 'https://openalex.org/W2303188915', 'https://openalex.org/W2313512559', 'https://openalex.org/W2341431451', 'https://openalex.org/W2342993412', 'https://openalex.org/W2366526863', 'https://openalex.org/W2462122560', 'https://openalex.org/W2463601549', 'https://openalex.org/W2466335669', 'https://openalex.org/W2510757963', 'https://openalex.org/W2516083450', 'https://openalex.org/W2561767468', 'https://openalex.org/W2569702209', 'https://openalex.org/W2594810507', 'https://openalex.org/W2596765230', 'https://openalex.org/W2605517783', 'https://openalex.org/W2608619561', 'https://openalex.org/W2609122325', 'https://openalex.org/W2614681828', 'https://openalex.org/W2623335366', 'https://openalex.org/W2624053569', 'https://openalex.org/W2625552469', 'https://openalex.org/W2738601108', 'https://openalex.org/W2754496844', 'https://openalex.org/W2756205522', 'https://openalex.org/W2757145973', 'https://openalex.org/W2766597251', 'https://openalex.org/W2770642436', 'https://openalex.org/W2773331258', 'https://openalex.org/W2784262965', 'https://openalex.org/W2787789753', 'https://openalex.org/W2788788193', 'https://openalex.org/W2789150848', 'https://openalex.org/W2793455402', 'https://openalex.org/W2797858754', 'https://openalex.org/W2799407319', 'https://openalex.org/W2800100437', 'https://openalex.org/W2803765031', 'https://openalex.org/W2805885897', 'https://openalex.org/W2809933715', 'https://openalex.org/W2810224820', 'https://openalex.org/W2878488489', 'https://openalex.org/W2885645126', 'https://openalex.org/W2891929791', 'https://openalex.org/W2899835277', 'https://openalex.org/W2902500148', 'https://openalex.org/W2948284713', 'https://openalex.org/W3102530286', 'https://openalex.org/W4241354482'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3139557209', 'https://openalex.org/W3035540795', 'https://openalex.org/W3011599457', 'https://openalex.org/W2972428584', 'https://openalex.org/W2766501026', 'https://openalex.org/W2737705205', 'https://openalex.org/W2372363729', 'https://openalex.org/W2301772985', 'https://openalex.org/W2173293754', 'https://openalex.org/W1998175510'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Sahel': [1], 'rainfall': [2, 112, 123, 150, 181, 210], 'is': [3, 18, 124, 131, 173, 233, 240, 248], 'dynamically': [4], 'linked': [5], 'to': [6, 12, 21, 88, 156, 204, 216, 235], 'the': [7, 13, 32, 35, 38, 46, 51, 55, 59, 64, 72, 85, 96, 100, 103, 134, 141, 153, 176], 'global': [8], 'Hadley': [9, 47], 'cell': [10], 'and': [11, 26, 41, 53, 61, 68, 105, 127, 129, 138, 146, 199, 221, 226, 231, 252], 'regional': [14, 27, 65], 'monsoon': [15], 'circulation.': [16, 48], 'It': [17], 'therefore': [19], 'susceptible': [20], 'forcings': [22], 'from': [23, 140], 'remote': [24], 'oceans': [25, 33, 57], 'land': [28], 'alike.': [29], 'Warming': [30, 49], 'of': [31, 37, 50, 54, 63, 71, 99, 102, 186, 209, 218, 223], 'enhances': [34], 'stability': [36], 'tropical': [39], 'atmosphere': [40], 'weakens': [42], 'deep': [43, 244], 'ascent': [44], 'in': [45, 133, 149, 166, 171], 'Sahara': [52], 'nearby': [56], 'changes': [58], 'structure': [60], 'position': [62], 'shallow': [66], 'circulation': [67], 'allows': [69], 'more': [70, 125, 206], 'intense': [73, 126], 'convective': [74], 'systems': [75], 'that': [76, 178, 189, 239], 'determine': [77], 'seasonal': [78, 111, 179], 'rain': [79], 'accumulation.': [80], 'These': [81], 'processes': [82], 'can': [83], 'explain': [84], 'observed': [86], 'interannual': [87], 'multidecadal': [89], 'variability.': [90], 'Sea': [91], 'surface': [92], 'temperature': [93], 'anomalies': [94], 'were': [95], 'dominant': [97], 'forcing': [98], 'drought': [101], '1970s': [104], '1980s.': [106], 'In': [107], 'most': [108], 'recent': [109], 'decades,': [110], 'amounts': [113], 'have': [114, 121], 'partially': [115], 'recovered,': [116], 'but': [117], 'rainy': [118, 136], 'season': [119, 137], 'characteristics': [120, 220], 'changed:': [122], 'intermittent': [128], 'wetting': [130], 'concentrated': [132], 'late': [135], 'away': [139], 'west': [142], 'coast.': [143], 'Similar': [144], 'subseasonal': [145], 'subregional': [147], 'differences': [148], 'trends': [151], 'characterize': [152], 'simulated': [154], 'response': [155], 'increased': [157], 'greenhouse': [158], 'gases,': [159], 'suggesting': [160], 'an': [161], 'anthropogenic': [162], 'influence.': [163], 'While': [164], 'uncertainty': [165], 'future': [167], 'projections': [168, 208], 'remains,': [169], 'confidence': [170], 'them': [172], 'encouraged': [174], 'by': [175, 193], 'recognition': [177], 'mean': [180], 'depends': [182], 'on': [183], 'large‐scale': [184], 'drivers': [185], 'atmospheric': [187], 'circulations': [188], 'are': [190, 202], 'well': [191], 'resolved': [192], 'current': [194], 'climate': [195, 229], 'models.': [196], 'Nevertheless,': [197], 'observational': [198], 'modeling': [200], 'efforts': [201], 'needed': [203, 234], 'provide': [205], 'refined': [207], 'changes,': [211], 'expanding': [212], 'beyond': [213], 'total': [214], 'accumulation': [215], 'metrics': [217], 'intraseasonal': [219], 'risk': [222], 'extreme': [224], 'events,': [225], 'coordination': [227], 'between': [228], 'scientists': [230], 'stakeholders': [232], 'generate': [236], 'relevant': [237], 'information': [238], 'useful': [241], 'even': [242], 'under': [243], 'uncertainty.': [245], 'This': [246], 'article': [247], 'categorized': [249], 'under:': [250], 'Paleoclimates': [251], 'Current': [253], 'Trends': [254], '>': [255], 'Modern': [256], 'Climate': [257], 'Change': [258]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2948284713', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 41}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 46}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-29T16:51:02.317837', 'created_date': '2019-06-14'}