Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2945046481', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2019.05.002', 'title': 'The impact of unionization costs when firm-selection matters', 'display_name': 'The impact of unionization costs when firm-selection matters', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-05-17', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2945046481', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2019.05.002', 'mag': '2945046481'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2019.05.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S163774179', 'display_name': 'Labour Economics', 'issn_l': '0927-5371', 'issn': ['0927-5371', '1879-1034'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/156262/1/881022977.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015158874', 'display_name': 'Marco de Pinto', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-8924'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210097152', 'display_name': 'Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Union', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00p1s4075', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210097152']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210152055', 'display_name': 'Klinik Bad Reichenhall', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ytm9f32', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210152055']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Marco de Pinto', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['IUBH University of Applied Science, Fernstudium, Kaiserplatz 1, D-83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany', 'Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Union (IAAEU), Behringstr. 21, D-54296 Trier, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Union (IAAEU), Behringstr. 21, D-54296 Trier, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210097152']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'IUBH University of Applied Science, Fernstudium, Kaiserplatz 1, D-83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210152055']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067761885', 'display_name': 'Jörg Lingens', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22465464', 'display_name': 'University of Münster', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pd74e08', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jörg Lingens', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Münster, Stadtgraben 9, D-48143 Münster, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Münster, Stadtgraben 9, D-48143 Münster, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5015158874'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210097152', 'https://openalex.org/I4210152055'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2670, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2670, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.41, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 4, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.853077, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 77, 'max': 79}, 'biblio': {'volume': '60', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '50', 'last_page': '63'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10128', 'display_name': 'Global trade and economics', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2000', 'display_name': 'General Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10128', 'display_name': 'Global trade and economics', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2000', 'display_name': 'General Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11043', 'display_name': 'Merger and Competition Analysis', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11421', 'display_name': 'Labor Movements and Unions', 'score': 0.9971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3321', 'display_name': 'Public Administration'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-inequality', 'display_name': 'Wage Inequality', 'score': 0.57190716}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100243477', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092', 'display_name': 'Welfare', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7731988}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204983608', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958', 'display_name': 'Productivity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.76804346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7261568}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145236788', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161', 'display_name': 'Labour economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.71687466}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777388388', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213', 'display_name': 'Wage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.61210454}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994086107', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020', 'display_name': 'Wage inequality', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57190716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45555294', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351', 'display_name': 'Inequality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5454505}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C110121322', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811', 'display_name': 'Distribution (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54346645}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34447519', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522', 'display_name': 'Market economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09594235}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06624535}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2019.05.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S163774179', 'display_name': 'Labour Economics', 'issn_l': '0927-5371', 'issn': ['0927-5371', '1879-1034'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://hdl.handle.net/10419/156262', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/156262/1/881022977.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401696', 'display_name': 'Econstor (Econstor)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://iaaeg.de/images/DiscussionPaper/2017_01.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://iaaeg.de/images/DiscussionPaper/2017_01.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://hdl.handle.net/10419/156262', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/156262/1/881022977.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401696', 'display_name': 'Econstor (Econstor)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.74, 'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 51, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1512563021', 'https://openalex.org/W1532594207', 'https://openalex.org/W1534728144', 'https://openalex.org/W175828292', 'https://openalex.org/W1881720539', 'https://openalex.org/W1987029840', 'https://openalex.org/W1987880796', 'https://openalex.org/W1987986249', 'https://openalex.org/W1995540392', 'https://openalex.org/W2000613431', 'https://openalex.org/W2003807150', 'https://openalex.org/W2007682159', 'https://openalex.org/W2015733033', 'https://openalex.org/W2026570784', 'https://openalex.org/W2051258054', 'https://openalex.org/W2052615455', 'https://openalex.org/W2080527958', 'https://openalex.org/W2091030665', 'https://openalex.org/W2095717987', 'https://openalex.org/W2099167504', 'https://openalex.org/W2102695675', 'https://openalex.org/W2103763092', 'https://openalex.org/W2107274838', 'https://openalex.org/W2132229891', 'https://openalex.org/W2139636481', 'https://openalex.org/W2159815813', 'https://openalex.org/W2596995662', 'https://openalex.org/W2754866637', 'https://openalex.org/W2790738170', 'https://openalex.org/W2793150151', 'https://openalex.org/W2890944421', 'https://openalex.org/W3021771256', 'https://openalex.org/W3022276200', 'https://openalex.org/W3121148987', 'https://openalex.org/W3121494205', 'https://openalex.org/W3121604623', 'https://openalex.org/W3122326757', 'https://openalex.org/W3122471154', 'https://openalex.org/W3122929509', 'https://openalex.org/W3123383031', 'https://openalex.org/W3123575923', 'https://openalex.org/W3123867877', 'https://openalex.org/W3125100239', 'https://openalex.org/W3125121094', 'https://openalex.org/W3125355327', 'https://openalex.org/W3125387544', 'https://openalex.org/W3125451357', 'https://openalex.org/W3125591033', 'https://openalex.org/W3125756083', 'https://openalex.org/W4213115697', 'https://openalex.org/W563396074'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3162895297', 'https://openalex.org/W3122730017', 'https://openalex.org/W2588122185', 'https://openalex.org/W2440403839', 'https://openalex.org/W2379685433', 'https://openalex.org/W2367677619', 'https://openalex.org/W2305504240', 'https://openalex.org/W202636441', 'https://openalex.org/W1998922219', 'https://openalex.org/W1967872488'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2945046481', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-24T08:09:07.639221', 'created_date': '2019-05-29'}